A chromosomal instability syndrome that is the most common form of inherited aplastic anemia. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive or X-linked disorder. In addition to bone marrow failure, it is associated with skeletal abnormalities and increased incidence of the development of malignancy. Multiple genes are responsible for Fanconi anemia.

An autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure, skeletal abnormalities, and an increased incidence of the development of neoplasias.

Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)

Fanconi anemia (FA) is characterized by physical abnormalities, bone marrow failure, and increased risk for malignancy. Physical abnormalities, present in approximately 75% of affected individuals, include one or more of the following: short stature, abnormal skin pigmentation, skeletal malformations of the upper and/or lower limbs, microcephaly, and ophthalmic and genitourinary tract anomalies. Progressive bone marrow failure with pancytopenia typically presents in the first decade, often initially with thrombocytopenia or leukopenia. The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia is 13% by age 50 years. Solid tumors � particularly of the head and neck, skin, and genitourinary tract � are more common in individuals with FA.

(fanconi's anemia) A rare inherited disorder in which the bone marrow does not make blood cells. It is usually diagnosed in children between 2 and 15 years old. Symptoms include frequent infections, easy bleeding, and extreme tiredness. People with Fanconi anemia may have a small skeleton and brown spots on the skin. They also have an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer.

Fanconi anemia is the most frequently reported of the rare inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFSs), with approximately 2000 cases reported in the medical literature. In 1927, Guido Fanconi first reported 3 brothers with macrocytosis, pancytopenia, and physical abnormalities.

Fanconi anemia (FA) affects the way genetic information (DNA) is copied and repaired. FA leads to bone marrow failure, skeletal abnormalities, and an increased risk for cancer. People with FA have a decreased number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets leading to anemia, frequent infections, and excessive bleeding. In...