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Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology... Jan 2024Increasing number of studies have demonstrated certain patterns of microbial changes in gynecological diseases; however, the interaction between them remains unclear. To... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Increasing number of studies have demonstrated certain patterns of microbial changes in gynecological diseases; however, the interaction between them remains unclear. To evaluate the consistency or specificity across multiple studies on different gynecological diseases and microbial alterations at different sites of the body (gut and genital tract), we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to December 5, 2022(PROSPERO: CRD42023400205). Eligible studies focused on gynecological diseases in adult women, applied next-generation sequencing on microbiome, and reported outcomes including alpha or beta diversity or relative abundance. The random-effects model on standardized mean difference (SMD) was conducted using the inverse-variance method for alpha diversity indices.
RESULTS
Of 3327 unique articles, 87 eligible studies were included. Significant decreases were found in gut microbiome of patients versus controls (observed species SMD=-0.35; 95%CI, -0.62 to -0.09; Shannon index SMD=-0.23; 95%CI, -0.40 to -0.06), whereas significant increases were observed in vaginal microbiome (Chao1 SMD = 1.15; 95%CI, 0.74 to 1.56; Shannon index SMD = 0.51; 95%CI, 0.16 to 0.86). Most studies of different diagnostic categories showed no significant differences in beta diversity. Disease specificity was observed, but almost all the changes were only replicated in three studies, except for the increased Aerococcus in bacterial vaginosis (BV). Patients with major gynecological diseases shared the enrichment of Prevotella and depletion of Lactobacillus, and an overlap in microbes was implied between BV, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and cervical cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings demonstrated an association between alterations in gut and genital microbiota and gynecological diseases. The most observed results were shared alterations across diseases rather than disease-specific alterations. Therefore, further investigation is required to identify specific biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment in the future.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Female; Microbiota; Vaginosis, Bacterial; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Vagina; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 38238814
DOI: 10.1186/s12958-024-01184-z -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Mar 2022The detection of emerging pathogens responsible for genitourinary infections has increased with technological advances. We conducted a systematic review of publications...
Emerging Presence of Culturable Microorganisms in Clinical Samples of the Genitourinary System: Systematic Review and Experience in Specialized Care of a Regional Hospital.
The detection of emerging pathogens responsible for genitourinary infections has increased with technological advances. We conducted a systematic review of publications on the involvement of these microorganisms in genitourinary samples, and we also investigated their presence and antibiotic susceptibility in samples from patients at our regional hospital (Granada, Spain). The MEDLINE database was searched up to 31 December 2020, and a cross-sectional descriptive study was performed of results obtained in urine samples and genital exudates from January 2016 through December 2019. The review highlighted the frequent involvement of in genital infections, while the data on other microorganisms were consistent with findings in our patient series. The emerging microorganisms most often responsible for urinary tract infections were (58.5%) and (23.6%) in females, and (32.3%), (18.6%), and spp. (16.9%) in males; those most frequently reported in genital infections were (36.4%) in females and (32.2%) and (35.6%) in males. In general, emerging pathogens are resistant to conventional antibiotics such as penicillin. However, there has also been an increase in beta-lactam resistance by the group and spp. The systematic review showed that emerging microorganisms are responsible for only a small percentage of genitourinary infections but are of major clinical interest, with a predominance of the group, , spp., spp., and spp. in urine samples and of and in genital samples. Given the increasing resistance to antibiotics empirically prescribed in patients with genitourinary infections, it is recommended to create an antibiogram in all cases.
PubMed: 35268439
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051348 -
International Urogynecology Journal Jun 2024The aim of this article is to present a systematic literature review focused on microbiome diversity in women experiencing pelvic floor dysfunction. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS
The aim of this article is to present a systematic literature review focused on microbiome diversity in women experiencing pelvic floor dysfunction.
METHODS
Utilizing PubMed/MedLine and Scopus, 25 pertinent studies were meticulously selected for this review.
RESULTS
A key theme identified is the potential of microbiomes as diagnostic tools. The findings consistently highlight Lactobacillus as recurrent microbiota. Additionally, Gardnerella, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Aerococcus, Staphylococcus, Proteus, and Bifidobacterium species were frequently observed. This suggests the influential role of these microorganisms in shaping female urological and reproductive health. A deeper understanding of these predominant bacterial genera could offer invaluable insights into healthy physiological states and various disorders. The complex relationship between microbial compositions and diverse health conditions paves the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. As we further explore the complexities of microbiomes, their role becomes increasingly crucial in transforming women's health care.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings emphasize the need for personalized care, integrating the microbiome into a comprehensive health assessment and treatment framework. This review lays the groundwork for future medical strategies where the microbiome is a pivotal element in both preventive and therapeutic care.
PubMed: 38861007
DOI: 10.1007/s00192-024-05821-4 -
Clinical Rheumatology Sep 2018Aerococcus are Gram-positive bacteria that have been historically misidentified using standard techniques. We report a case of a 63-year-old man with septic...
Aerococcus are Gram-positive bacteria that have been historically misidentified using standard techniques. We report a case of a 63-year-old man with septic oligoarthritis caused by Aerococcus urinae (isolated in two ankle synovial fluid cultures and in two blood cultures). Due to the lack of evidence found in a search performed to identify similar cases, a systematic review was conducted with the objective to identify and analyze all documented cases of musculoskeletal infections caused by Aerococcus urinae. A total of 8 cases were selected: 6 spondylodiscitis, 1 periarticular hip abscess, and 1 prosthetic hip infection. Similarly, as in other Aerococcus urinae invasive infections, these were presented predominantly in older males with history of urinary tract disease, being identified mostly by sequencing of the 16S rRNA or by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), with an increasing incidence in the last years and generally with good sensitivity to beta-lactams (aminoglycosides were associated in some cases due to its synergistic effect). Additionally, 4 cases of musculoskeletal infections caused by Aerococcus viridans and 4 cases of Aerococcus urinae with ammoniacal and pervasive malodorous urine were identified; the last was a symptom also present in our case. In this review, we identify a recent increase of musculoskeletal infections caused by Aerococcus urinae, which as well as in series of other invasive infections could be well correlated with an increasing use of more sensible diagnosis methods in clinical laboratories. Therefore, we suggest that these probably will be more frequently diagnosed in the future.
Topics: Aerococcus; Ankle Joint; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Odorants; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 29574655
DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4072-8