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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Oct 2019Evidence for the relationship between maternal and perinatal factors and the success of vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is conflicting. We aimed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Evidence for the relationship between maternal and perinatal factors and the success of vaginal birth after cesarean section (VBAC) is conflicting. We aimed to systematically analyze published data on maternal and fetal factors for successful VBAC.
METHODS
A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, from each database's inception to March 16, 2018. Observational studies, identifying women with a trial of labor after one previous low-transverse cesarean section were included. Two reviewers independently abstracted the data. Meta-analysis was performed using the random-effects model. Risk of bias was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS
We included 94 eligible observational studies (239,006 pregnant women with 163,502 VBAC). Factors were associated with successful VBAC with the following odds ratios (OR;95%CI): age (0.92;0.86-0.98), obesity (0.50;0.39-0.64), diabetes (0.50;0.42-0.60), hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (HDCP) (0.54;0.44-0.67), Bishop score (3.77;2.17-6.53), labor induction (0.58;0.50-0.67), macrosomia (0.56;0.50-0.64), white race (1.39;1.26-1.54), previous vaginal birth before cesarean section (3.14;2.62-3.77), previous VBAC (4.71;4.33-5.12), the indications for the previous cesarean section (cephalopelvic disproportion (0.54;0.36-0.80), dystocia or failure to progress (0.54;0.41-0.70), failed induction (0.56;0.37-0.85), and fetal malpresentation (1.66;1.38-2.01)). Adjusted ORs were similar.
CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes, HDCP, Bishop score, labor induction, macrosomia, age, obesity, previous vaginal birth, and the indications for the previous CS should be considered as the factors affecting the success of VBAC.
Topics: Birth Weight; Body Mass Index; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Maternal Age; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Prenatal Care; Vaginal Birth after Cesarean
PubMed: 31623587
DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2517-y -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2021Previous studies reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of magnesium supplementation on obesity measures. This study was done to quantify the effect of...
Previous studies reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of magnesium supplementation on obesity measures. This study was done to quantify the effect of magnesium supplementation on body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Body Fat (BF) percentage and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR). Four online databases (Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane library) were searched until March 2020 using relevant keywords. Random-effects model was used to pool effect sizes; Cochran's Q-test and I2 index assessed heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis and Egger test were used to check the robustness of findings and the possibility of publication bias, respectively. Thirty-two RCTs including different dosage of magnesium (48-450 mg/d), and duration (6-24 weeks) were entered to this study. Magnesium supplementation resulted in a great reduction in BMI [Weighted Mean Difference (WMD): -0.21 kg/m, 95% CI: -0.41, -0.001, = 0.048, = 89.5%, = 22], which was mainly driven by the effect among those with magnesium deficiency, insulin resistance related disorders, and obesity at baseline. No significant change was observed in bodyweight, WC, BF percentage and WHR as compared to controls. However, the change in body weight, and WC was significant in subgroups of participants with insulin resistance related disorders, hypertension, obesity, magnesium deficiency at baseline, and females. We found a significant reduction in BMI following magnesium supplementation. The change in body weight and WC were evident in certain subgroups.
Topics: Adult; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Magnesium; Obesity; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 32654500
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1790498 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal... Jan 2017Maternal glycaemia and anthropometry-derived newborn adiposity are strongly correlated. The children of mothers with diabetes are at greater risk of adverse metabolic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Maternal glycaemia and anthropometry-derived newborn adiposity are strongly correlated. The children of mothers with diabetes are at greater risk of adverse metabolic health, and increased adiposity is a plausible mediator. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare adiposity in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) and infants of mothers without diabetes (NIDM).
DESIGN
We identified observational studies reporting adiposity in IDM and NIDM. We searched references, traced forward citations and contacted authors for additional data. We considered all body composition techniques and compared fat mass, fat-free mass, body fat % and skinfold thickness. We used random effects meta-analyses and performed subgroup analyses by maternal diabetes type (type 1, type 2 and gestational) and infant sex. We examined the influence of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and conducted sensitivity analyses.
RESULTS
We included data from 35 papers and over 24 000 infants. IDM have greater fat mass than NIDM (mean difference (95% CI)): 83 g (49 to 117). Fat mass is greater in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes: 62 g (29 to 94) and type 1 diabetes: 268 g (139 to 397). Insufficient studies reported data for type 2 diabetes separately. Compared with NIDM, fat mass was greater in IDM boys: 87 g (30 to 145), but not significantly different in IDM girls: 42 g (-33 to 116). There was no attenuation after adjustment for maternal BMI.
CONCLUSIONS
IDM have significantly greater adiposity in comparison with NIDM. These findings are justification for studies to determine whether measures to reduce infant adiposity will improve later health.
Topics: Adiposity; Birth Weight; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Obesity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Diabetics; Risk Factors
PubMed: 27231266
DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-309750 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2022This review aimed to identify and synthesize the most significant literature addressing talent identification and development in futsal. A systematic review of Web of... (Review)
Review
This review aimed to identify and synthesize the most significant literature addressing talent identification and development in futsal. A systematic review of Web of Science™ (all databases), Scopus, PubMed and SPORTDiscus databases was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. This study included original articles in English, Spanish or Portuguese containing relevant data on talent development/identification of male futsal players. The search yielded 238 articles. After screening, a total of 32 manuscripts were fully reviewed. The quality of the data reviewed was generally good. Results indicate that the most successful players exhibit technical, tactical, anthropometric, physiological and psychological advantages and are distinguished from lower-level players based on their earlier dedication to training. This review highlights the need for those involved in the process of identifying and developing talented futsal players to consider the technical and tactical skills of futsal players, along with their anthropometric and physiological characteristics, scaled to age. Finally, special attention should be paid to the supportive psychosocial environments created in sports academies for developing futsal players. Overall, talent identification and development programmes in futsal need to be dynamic and offer the possibility of changing assessment parameters in the long term.
Topics: Anthropometry; Aptitude; Athletic Performance; Humans; Male; Soccer
PubMed: 36078360
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710648 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Three-dimensional facial imaging systems are a useful tool that is gradually replacing two-dimensional imaging and traditional anthropometry with calipers. In this... (Review)
Review
Three-dimensional facial imaging systems are a useful tool that is gradually replacing two-dimensional imaging and traditional anthropometry with calipers. In this varied and growing landscape of new devices, Canfield (Canfield Scientific, Parsippany, NJ, USA) has proposed a series of static and portable 3D imaging systems. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current literature regarding the validation of Canfield's Vectra imaging systems. A search strategy was developed on electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus by using specific keywords. After the study selection phase, a total of 10 articles were included in the present review. A total of 10 articles were finally included in the present review. For six articles, we conducted a validation of the Vectra static devices, focusing especially on the Vectra M5, Vectra M3 and Vectra XT. For four articles, we validated the Vectra H1 portable system. All of the reviewed articles concluded that Canfield's Vectra 3D imaging systems are capable of capturing accurate and reproducible stereophotogrammetric images. Minor errors were reported, particularly in the acquisition of the perioral region, but all the evaluated devices are considered to be valid and accurate tools for clinicians.
Topics: Anthropometry; Face; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Photogrammetry; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35886670
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148820 -
Malaria Journal Sep 2015Multiple studies in various parts of the world have analysed the association of nutritional status on malaria using anthropometric measures, but results differ due to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Multiple studies in various parts of the world have analysed the association of nutritional status on malaria using anthropometric measures, but results differ due to the heterogeneity of the study population, species of the parasite, and other factors involved in the host and parasite relationship. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review on the inter-relationship of nutritional status based on anthropometry and malarial infection.
METHODS
Two independent reviewers accessed the MEDLINE and LILACS databases using the same search terms related to malaria and anthropometry. Prospective studies associating anthropometry and malaria (incidence or severity) were selected. References from the included studies and reviews were used to increase the review sensitivity. Data were extracted using a standardized form and the quality of the prospective studies was assessed. Selected articles were grouped based on exposures and outcomes.
RESULTS
The search identified a total of 1688 studies: 1629 from MEDLINE and 59 from LILACS. A total of 23 met the inclusion criteria. Five additional studies were detected by reading the references of the 23 included studies and reviews, totaling 28 studies included. The mean sample size was 662.1 people, ranging from 57 to 5620. The mean follow-up was 365.8 days, ranging from 14 days to 1 year and 9 months, and nine studies did not report the follow-up period. Prospective studies assessing the relationship between malaria and malnutrition were mostly carried out in Africa. Of the 20 studies with malarial outcomes, fifteen had high and five had average quality, with an average score of 80.5 %. Most anthropometric parameters had no association with malaria incidence (47/52; 90.4 %) or parasite density (20/25; 80 %). However, the impact of malnutrition was noted in malaria mortality and severity (7/17; 41.2 %). Regarding the effects of malaria on malnutrition, malaria was associated with very few anthropometric parameters (8/39; 20.6 %).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review found that most of the evidence associating malaria and malnutrition comes from P. falciparum endemic areas, with a significant heterogeneity in studies' design. Apparently malnutrition has not a great impact on malaria morbidity, but could have a negative impact on malaria mortality and severity. Most studies show no association between malaria and subsequent malnutrition in P. falciparum areas. In Plasmodium vivax endemic areas, malaria was associated with malnutrition in children. A discussion among experts in the field is needed to standardize future studies to increase external validity and accuracy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anthropometry; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Malaria, Falciparum; Malaria, Vivax; Nutritional Status; Observational Studies as Topic; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Young Adult
PubMed: 26377094
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-015-0870-5 -
Nutrients Jan 2023Digital anthropometry (DA) has been recently developed for body composition evaluation and for postural analysis. The aims of this review are to examine the current... (Review)
Review
Digital anthropometry (DA) has been recently developed for body composition evaluation and for postural analysis. The aims of this review are to examine the current state of DA technology, as well as to verify the methods for identifying the best technology to be used in the field of DA by evaluating the reliability and accuracy of the available technologies on the market, and lay the groundwork for future technological developments. A literature search was performed and 28 studies met the inclusion criteria. The reliability and accuracy of DA was high in most studies, especially in the assessment of patients with obesity, although they varied according to the technology used; a good correlation was found between DA and conventional anthropometry (CA) and body composition estimates. DA is less time-consuming and less expensive and could be used as a screening tool before more expensive imaging techniques or as an alternative to other less affordable techniques. At present, DA could be useful in clinical practice, but the heterogeneity of the available studies (different devices used, laser technologies, population examined, etc.) necessitates caution in the interpretation of the obtained results. Furthermore, the need to develop integrated technologies for analyzing body composition according to multi-compartmental models is increasingly evident.
Topics: Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Anthropometry; Body Composition; Technology; Digital Technology
PubMed: 36678173
DOI: 10.3390/nu15020302 -
American Journal of Epidemiology Jun 2015Results from cohort studies of adult weight gain and risk of colorectal cancer are inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Results from cohort studies of adult weight gain and risk of colorectal cancer are inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies assessing the association of change in weight/body mass index with colorectal cancer risk. We searched Scopus and Web of Science up to June 2014 and supplemented the search with manual searches of the reference lists of the identified articles. Thirteen studies published between 1997 and 2014 were pooled by using a random-effects model, and potential heterogeneity was explored by fitting meta-regression models. The highest weight gain category, measured by weight/body mass index, compared with a reference category, was associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.24), whereas no association was found for weight loss (HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.89, 1.05). There was no suggestion of heterogeneity across studies. For dose response, a 5-kg weight gain was associated with a slightly increased risk of colorectal cancer (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.05), with some heterogeneity observed (I(2) = 42%; P = 0.02), which was partially explained by sex (ratio of HRs = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.07). In this meta-analysis, gain in weight/body mass index was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk.
Topics: Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Colorectal Neoplasms; Exercise; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Time Factors; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 25888582
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwu357 -
Minerva Endocrinology Mar 2023Due to the composition and biological properties of coconut oil, there is still considerable debate regarding potential benefits for the management of obesity, including... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Due to the composition and biological properties of coconut oil, there is still considerable debate regarding potential benefits for the management of obesity, including the specific impact on body weight (BW) reduction. This systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials aims to assess the impact of coconut oil on BW reduction in comparison to other oils and fats.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
The databases, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and SciVerse Scopus were systematically searched. A combination of medical subject headings and words linked to coconut oil and obesity parameters were utilized. Any clinical trials comparing coconut oil to any other form of oil or fat, with more than one month feeding period among adults were considered.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
From the 540 potentially relevant papers, 9 were included. The period of coconut oil intake varied from four to twelve weeks, apart from one long-term trial where coconut oil was consumed for two years. When compared to other oils and fats, coconut oil substantially decreased BW (N.=546), Body Mass Index (BMI) (N.=551), and percentage of fat mass (FM%) (N.=491) by 0.75 kg (P=0.04), 0.28 kg/m (P=0.03), and 0.35% (P=0.008), respectively. Coconut oil consumption did not result in any significant alteration in waist circumference (WC) (N.=385) (-0.61 cm; P=0.30), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (N.=330) (-0.01; P=0.39) and FM (N.=86) (-0.25 kg; P=0.29).
CONCLUSIONS
Results indicate a small statistically significant reduction in BW, BMI, and FM% in the coconut oil group. In contrast, consumption of coconut oil had no statistically significant effect on WC, WHR, or FM.
Topics: Humans; Coconut Oil; Body Weight; Obesity; Body Mass Index; Waist-Hip Ratio
PubMed: 34786908
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6507.21.03654-X -
Journal of Health, Population, and... Jun 2023Currently, there is no summative study evaluating the association between central obesity and screen time. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Currently, there is no summative study evaluating the association between central obesity and screen time. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the results of studies evaluating the association between screen time and central obesity among children and adolescents. To this end, we performed a systematic search in three electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Embase to retrieve the related studies up to March 2021. Nine studies were eligible to be included in the meta-analysis. There was no association between odds of central obesity and screen time [odds ratio (OR) 1.136; 95% CI 0.965-1.337; P = 0.125]; however, waist circumference (WC) was 1.23 cm higher in those with highest screen time versus those in the lowest screen time category [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 1.23; 95% 95% CI 0.342-2.112; P = 0.007; Fig. 3]. Moreover, the possible sources of heterogeneity in the included studies were continent and sample size. No evidence of publication bias was reported. For the first time, the current systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that those with the highest screen time had higher WC compared with those with the lowest screen time. Although, there was no association between odds of central obesity and screen time. Due to the observational design of the included studies, it is impossible to infer the cause-effect relationship. Therefore, further interventional and longitudinal studies are warranted to better elucidate the causality of these associations.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Humans; Obesity, Abdominal; Obesity; Waist Circumference; Body Mass Index
PubMed: 37268998
DOI: 10.1186/s41043-023-00391-5