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Scientific Reports Dec 2019A systematic review and network-meta analysis (NMA) were performed to estimate significance of the anxiolytic effect of lavender essential oil taken as silexan capsules... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A systematic review and network-meta analysis (NMA) were performed to estimate significance of the anxiolytic effect of lavender essential oil taken as silexan capsules versus other comparators (i.e., placebo/paroxetine/lorazepam). The outcome of interest was Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). Weighted mean differences (WMD) were calculated to estimate the treatment effect at the confidence interval of 95%. League tables were generated using treatment effect, for all pairwise comparisons, where WMD < 0 favors the column-defining treatment. Five studies were identified with a total of 524 participants receiving treatment with silexan 80 mg and 121 participants taking silexan 160 mg. The NMA results indicated that consumption of silexan 160 mg resulted in higher decline of HAMA score [WMD -1.14 (-1.10, 3.39)] in comparison to silexan 80 mg, placebo [-2.20 (-4.64, 0.24)] and paroxetine [-1.24 (-5.34, 2.85)]. The effect of silexan 80 mg was observed to be same as that of paroxetine. Overall, silexan 160 mg was noticed to be a more efficient treatment giving significant decline in HAMA score across other comparators. However, no improvements in HAMA score was observed for the group receiving lorazepam 0.5 mg when compared to silexan 160 mg, silexan 80 mg, paroxetine 20 mg, and placebo.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Capsules; Humans; Lavandula; Lorazepam; Network Meta-Analysis; Oils, Volatile; Paroxetine; Personality Assessment; Plant Oils; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31792285
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54529-9 -
Special Care in Dentistry : Official... May 2022The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between sense of coherence (SOC) and dental fear/dental anxiety. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between sense of coherence (SOC) and dental fear/dental anxiety.
METHODS
Computerized searches were performed in six databases. Gray literature and manual searches were also conducted. Study selection, risk of bias assessment, and meta-analyses were performed. The results of meta-analyses were reported in odds ratio (OR), mean difference (MD), and confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
After removing duplicates, 131 references were retrieved and the full texts of 12 were evaluated. Nine references met the eligibility criteria and were included. The results of meta-analyses demonstrated that individuals with a weaker SOC had a score in the dental anxiety/dental fear scale 6.04 times higher than individuals with a stronger SOC (OR = 6.04, CI = 2.62-13.91). Individuals with no dental anxiety/dental fear had a mean score of the SOC scale higher than individuals with dental anxiety/dental fear (MD = 5.39, CI = 2.21-8.56). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the result of a higher mean score of the SOC scale among individuals with no dental anxiety/dental fear remained (MD = 7.38, CI = 3.79-10.98). Risk of bias ranged from low to high. The certainty of evidence was very low.
CONCLUSION
Individuals with stronger SOC have lower levels of dental fear/dental anxiety.
Topics: Dental Anxiety; Humans; Sense of Coherence
PubMed: 34628673
DOI: 10.1111/scd.12663 -
The Japanese Dental Science Review Dec 2023Acute dental pain is a common issue leading to dental consultation. Besides causal therapy, patients are treated with acupuncture, but efficacy in acute dental pain is... (Review)
Review
Acute dental pain is a common issue leading to dental consultation. Besides causal therapy, patients are treated with acupuncture, but efficacy in acute dental pain is still not clarified. We aimed to evaluate results of recent research to estimate the efficacy of acupuncture compared to pain-relieving approaches in treatment of acute dental pain. A systematic review of controlled trials being published between database inception and 2020 were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture (alone or as complementary therapy) compared to local anesthesia or conventional analgesic medications in acute dental pain (intraoperatively and postoperatively) and to clarify whether acupuncture reduces the use of postoperative analgesic medications. Of 1672 publications, 23 publications met the inclusion criteria. From these, 11 randomized controlled trials (n = 668) reported on the efficacy of acupuncture on postoperative acute dental pain. Patients, who received acupuncture, showed lower pain scores postoperatively compared to sham acupuncture (Relative Risk -0.77, 95% Confidence interval -1.52 to -0.03). Overall, the results suggest a potential role of acupuncture in improving acute dental pain intraoperatively and postoperatively as well as improving the efficacy of local anesthesia, but the results are limited due to methodological shortcomings emphasizing the necessity for future high-quality research.
PubMed: 36950225
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.02.005 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Nov 2021To assess various dental anxiety scales used in children and to know the effectiveness of different projective dental anxiety scales used in pediatric dentistry. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIM
To assess various dental anxiety scales used in children and to know the effectiveness of different projective dental anxiety scales used in pediatric dentistry.
BACKGROUND
Dental anxiety poses a significant problem in child patient management and is considered to be the main barrier for successful completion of the dental treatment.
REVIEW RESULTS
This systematic review and meta-analysis has been registered at the International prospective register of systematic reviews-PROSPERO-CRD42021247586. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic databases [PubMed (MEDLINE), COCHRANE Library, EMBASE, EBSCO host, and Google Scholar database] were searched for corresponding references up to 2021. Observational cross-sectional studies comparing two different dental anxiety scales were selected for this systematic review. Search strategy generated 500 articles out of which 13 studies included in qualitative synthesis and only 7 studies were taken for quantitative synthesis. Among these seven studies, five studies compared FIS and VPT scales, two studies compared RMS, FIS, and VPT scales. Results of meta-analysis showed that an overall mean difference of dental anxiety between VPT and FIS scales was 0.11 (95% CI: 0.26-0.48), RMS and FIS scales was 0.05 (95% CI: 0.40-0.50), RMS and VPT was 0.27 (95% CI: 0.80-0.27) in the investigated population.
CONCLUSION
No statistically significant difference was noted in all comparisons suggesting that all these scales are at par in assessing anxiety levels in pediatric population.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The projective scales Raghavendra, madhuriu, sujata pictorial scale (RMS), Facial image scale (FIS), and Venham's picture test (VPT) can be a pragmatic tool in assessing children's dental anxiety.
Topics: Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Anxiety; Humans; Pediatric Dentistry
PubMed: 35343462
DOI: No ID Found -
Evidence-based Dentistry Mar 2023To investigate the relationship between temperament traits and dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in children and adolescents by the means of a systematic review (PROSPERO...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between temperament traits and dental fear and anxiety (DFA) in children and adolescents by the means of a systematic review (PROSPERO #CRD42020207578).
METHODS
The PEO (Population, Exposure, and Outcome) strategy was followed using children and adolescents as the population, temperament as the exposure, and DFA as the outcome. A systematic search for observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort) without restrictions on year or language of publication was performed in seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycINFO) in September 2021. Grey literature search was performed in OpenGrey, Google Scholar, and in the reference list of included studies. Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were carried out independently by two reviewers. The Fowkes and Fulton Critical Assessment Guideline was used to assess methodological quality of each study included. The GRADE approach was performed to determine the certainty of evidence of relationship between temperament traits.
RESULTS
This study recovered 1362 articles, of which 12 were included. Despite the high heterogeneity of methodological aspects, qualitative synthesis by subgroups showed a positive association/correlation between emotionality, neuroticism, and shyness with DFA in children and adolescents. Different subgroups analysis showed similar results. Eight studies were classified as having low methodological quality.
CONCLUSION
The main shortcoming of the included studies is the high risk of bias and a very low certainty of evidence. Within its limitations, children and adolescents with a temperament-like emotionality/neuroticism and shyness are more likely to present higher DFA.
Topics: Child; Adolescent; Humans; Temperament; Dental Anxiety; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anxiety Disorders; Shyness
PubMed: 36869119
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00852-0 -
BMC Pediatrics Dec 2023Children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was frequently experienced dental anxiety and uncooperative behaviors during dental treatment. Oral health care was...
BACKGROUND
Children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was frequently experienced dental anxiety and uncooperative behaviors during dental treatment. Oral health care was necessary because of the poor oral hygiene and prevalent dental diseases in this population.
AIM
In this systematic review, we evaluated the effectiveness and feasibility for pediatric dentist to manage the dental anxiety in children with ASD.
DESIGN
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically performed on the literature search. The date of eligible publications was from inception to January 2023. After that, the quality of eligible studies was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Review findings were summarized using the PRISMA Statement for reporting.
RESULTS
A total of six studies were systematically evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five studies were conducted to evaluate ASD Children's anxiety and uncooperative performance in the progressive oral examination, oral disease prophylaxis and fluoride application. The other one study evaluated the success rate of treatment in decayed permanent tooth treatment. In the included studies, four studies indicated that it was extremely necessary to reduce dental anxiety of ASD children to increase the cooperation in sensory-adapted dental environment (SADE).
CONCLUSION
It is not always effective and feasible for pediatric dentist to manage the dental anxiety in children with autism during routine oral examination. Meanwhile, it is necessary for ASD children to conduct preoperative psychological assessment, to investigate parents' expectations and cooperation, and to determine whether to start corresponding dental treatment.
Topics: Humans; Child; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Dental Anxiety; Oral Health; Delivery of Health Care; Autistic Disorder
PubMed: 38049774
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04439-7 -
BMC Oral Health Sep 2023Tooth extraction is a common procedure performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or dentists, often resulting in dental fear and anxiety. The use of relaxing music,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Tooth extraction is a common procedure performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or dentists, often resulting in dental fear and anxiety. The use of relaxing music, audiovisuals, and virtual reality (VR) technologies has been employed to reduce dental anxiety. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of relaxing music, audiovisuals, and VR in reducing dental anxiety associated with tooth extraction.
METHODS
Four electronic databases were searched up to March 8, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating different multimedia interventions, including the application of using relaxing music, audiovisuals, and VR technologies for dental anxiety. Studies utilizing various anxiety scales for tooth extraction were considered eligible. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of anxiety scale scores were analyzed using Bayesian NMA.
RESULTS
A total of 11 RCTs were included in this NMA. The Bayesian NMA results demonstrated that relaxing music (SMD = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.04, -0.25) and VR (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.02) were associated with a reduction in dental anxiety, while audiovisuals (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.97, 0.33) required further consideration. Ranking probabilities indicated that relaxing music might be the most acceptable method for individuals with dental anxiety. The frequentist NMA yielded consistent rankings in a sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Relaxing music shows the greatest potential for reducing dental anxiety related to tooth extraction when compared to other multimedia interventions.
Topics: Humans; Dental Anxiety; Music; Music Therapy; Network Meta-Analysis; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 37735362
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03407-y -
Oral Diseases Oct 2023Anxiety and depression are frequent conditions among individuals undergoing antineoplastic therapy, but their relationship with oral mucositis is unclear. This... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Anxiety and depression are frequent conditions among individuals undergoing antineoplastic therapy, but their relationship with oral mucositis is unclear. This systematic review evaluated the potential association of anxiety and depression with frequency and severity of chemo/radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Electronic searches were undertaken in five databases supplemented by manual scrutiny and gray literature searches in three other databases. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool.
RESULTS
Eight observational studies conducted on 954 individuals (male-to-female ratio: 1.1:1; age range: six-82 years). Three (37.5%) studies included patients with solid tumors, two (25%) studies included hematopoietic/lymphoid tissue tumors, and two (25%) studies comprised mixed types of malignant neoplasms. Eight different instruments were used to assess oral mucositis, while seven different instruments were used to evaluate anxiety and depression. Associations of anxiety and/or depression with oral mucositis severity were reported in six (75.0%) studies. Oral mucositis-related symptoms, especially pain, were linked with depression in three (37.5%) studies.
CONCLUSION
A relatively low number of cases and data heterogeneity hamper definitive conclusion about the potential association between anxiety/depression and oral mucositis. Further studies that could guide more personalized treatments are warranted to investigate this plausible bidirectional interaction.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Depression; Stomatitis; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms; Anxiety
PubMed: 35993910
DOI: 10.1111/odi.14355 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Sep 2020Dental anxiety refers to a set of complex psychological issues bearing a significant impact in individual's lives reflecting in the form of dental visit avoidance, poor... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Dental anxiety refers to a set of complex psychological issues bearing a significant impact in individual's lives reflecting in the form of dental visit avoidance, poor dental health status and decreases oral health related quality of life. Hence, it is imperative to consider those factors associated with dental anxiety so as to treat and promote better oral health. The review aimed to assess various factors associated with dental fear and anxiety.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Literature search was done from Pubmed and Google scholar search engines to identify publications which explored factors associated with dental fear and anxiety.
RESULTS
Research evidence pointed a significant relationship of age, gender, maternal anxiety, previous dental experience, and number of siblings with dental fear and anxiety (DFA).
CONCLUSION
Findings of the review clearly suggest that a better understanding of factors causing dental anxiety and phobia will help preventing dental avoidance and providing better care.
PubMed: 33209758
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_607_20 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Dec 2022Introduction UK dentists experience high levels of stress, anxiety and burnout. Poor mental health can lead practitioners to exit the profession, contributing to... (Review)
Review
Introduction UK dentists experience high levels of stress, anxiety and burnout. Poor mental health can lead practitioners to exit the profession, contributing to workforce and service loss. Therefore, there is a need to focus on interventions to protect the mental health and wellbeing of dental teams. Three levels of intervention can be deployed in the workplace to support mental health and wellbeing: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention.Aim The aim of this systematic review was to identify evidence on interventions used to prevent, improve or tackle mental health issues among dental team members and dental profession students in countries of very high development.Methods This systematic review was conducted according to a predefined protocol and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. The MEDLINE, Embase CINAHL, DOSS, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases were searched. Prospective empirical studies were considered for inclusion. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool (EPHPP) was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The identified interventions were categorised according to level of prevention.Results The search yielded 12,919 results. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. All of the studies concerned dentists or dental students. There were no studies for other groups of dental professionals. No primary prevention-level studies were identified. Secondary prevention-level studies (n = 4) included various psychoeducational interventions aiming to raise awareness and improve coping skills and led to significant improvements in stress levels and burnout of dentists and dental students. Tertiary prevention-level studies (n = 4) mainly employed counselling which was shown to be beneficial for dentists and students experiencing psychological ill-health.Conclusions Mental wellbeing awareness should be put at the centre of dental education and the workplace. Leadership and innovation are required to design primary-level interventions which can be implemented in the UK dental sector, with its distinct organisational and service characteristics.
PubMed: 36477677
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-022-0831-0