-
Environmental Health : a Global Access... Jun 2017Evidence shows that both the physical and social environments play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this systematic review is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND METHODS
Evidence shows that both the physical and social environments play a role in the development of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this systematic review is two-fold: First, we summarize research from the past 12 years from the growing number of studies focused on effect modification of the relationships between air pollution and cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes by socioeconomic position (SEP) and; second, we identify research gaps throughout the published literature on this topic and opportunities for addressing these gaps in future study designs.
RESULTS
We identified 30 articles that examined the modifying effects of either material resources or psychosocial stress (both related to SEP) on associations between short and long-term air pollution exposure and CVD endpoints. Although 18 articles identified at least one interaction between an air pollutant and material resource indicator, 11 others did not. Support for susceptibility to air pollution by psychosocial stress was weaker; however, only three articles tested this hypothesis. Further studies are warranted to investigate how air pollution and SEP together may influence CVD.
CONCLUSIONS
We recommend that such research include thorough assessment of air pollution and SEP correlations, including spatial correlation; investigate air pollution indices or multi-pollutant models; use standardized metrics of SEP to enhance comparability across studies; and evaluate potentially susceptible populations.
Topics: Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Cardiovascular Diseases; Disease Susceptibility; Environmental Exposure; Prevalence; Social Class; Stress, Physiological
PubMed: 28615066
DOI: 10.1186/s12940-017-0270-0 -
Future Oncology (London, England) Jul 2022To perform a meta-analysis to assess the association between common polymorphisms (Fok1, Taq1, Apa1, Bsm1) and keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs) susceptibility. databases... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To perform a meta-analysis to assess the association between common polymorphisms (Fok1, Taq1, Apa1, Bsm1) and keratinocyte carcinomas (KCs) susceptibility. databases were searched up to November 2021. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were evaluated in the association. This meta-analysis included seven articles. KC (and its subtypes) risks are found to be associated with Fok1 (BCC: ff vs FF+Ff: OR = 2.13, 95% CI = 1.14-3.97; SCC: ff vs FF+Ff: OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.09-2.18) and Taq1 (BCC: Tt vs TT: OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.35-2.93; tt vs TT: OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.27-3.43; Tt +tt vs TT: OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.41-2.90) polymorphisms. This study suggests that the Fok1 f allele and the Taq1 t allele are associated with increased susceptibility to KC and its subtypes.
Topics: Alleles; Carcinoma; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Keratinocytes; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Calcitriol
PubMed: 35786964
DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-1632 -
PloS One 2016Cervical cancer (CC) has one of the highest mortality rates among women worldwide. Several efforts have been made to identify the genetic susceptibility factors... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Cervical cancer (CC) has one of the highest mortality rates among women worldwide. Several efforts have been made to identify the genetic susceptibility factors underlying CC development. However, only a few polymorphisms have shown consistency among studies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of all recent case-control studies focused on the evaluation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and CC risk, stringently following the "PRISMA" statement recommendations. The MEDLINE data base was used for the search. A total of 100 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. Polymorphisms that had more than two reports were meta-analyzed by fixed or random models according to the heterogeneity presented among studies.
RESULTS
We found significant negative association between the dominant inheritance model of p21 rs1801270 polymorphism (C/A+A/A) and CC (pooled OR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.63-0.91; p<0.01). We also found a negative association with the rs2048718 BRIP1 polymorphism dominant inheritance model (T/C+C/C) and CC (pooled OR = 0.83; 95%CI: 0.70-0.98; p = 0.03), as well as with the rs11079454 BRIP1 polymorphism recessive inheritance model and CC (pooled OR = 0.79; 95%CI: 0.63-0.99; p = 0.04). Interestingly, we observed a strong tendency of the meta-analyzed studies to be of Asiatic origin (67%). We also found a significant low representation of African populations (4%).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results provide evidence of the negative association of p21 rs1801270 polymorphism, as well as BRIP1 rs2048718 and rs11079454 polymorphisms, with CC risk. This study suggests the urgent need for more replication studies focused on GWAS identified CC susceptibility variants, in order to reveal the most informative genetic susceptibility markers for CC across different populations.
Topics: Alleles; Female; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Models, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 27415837
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157344 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2021Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease primarily mediated by acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR-Ab), cellular immune dependence, and complement system... (Review)
Review
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease primarily mediated by acetylcholine receptor antibodies (AChR-Ab), cellular immune dependence, and complement system involvement. Since the AChR on the postsynaptic membrane is destroyed by an immune attack, sufficient endplate potential cannot be generated, resulting in the development of a synaptic transmission disorder at the neuromuscular junction and in muscle weakness. The role of the complement system in MG has been demonstrated in animal models and clinical tests, and it has been determined that complement inhibition in patients with MG can prevent disease induction and reverse its progression. Eculizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits the cleavage of complement protein C5 and prevents autoimmune damage; additionally, it has received subsequent approval by the Federal Drug Administration of the United States for MG treatment. However, various concerns regarding the use of eculizumab persist. In this review, we have discussed the treatment time, cost effectiveness, long-term efficacy, and tolerability of eculizumab for MG treatment. We have also summarized historical information and have presented perspectives on this new therapeutic modality.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Clinical Trials as Topic; Combined Modality Therapy; Complement Inactivating Agents; Complement System Proteins; Disease Management; Disease Susceptibility; Drug Development; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34456922
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.715036 -
Gene Sep 2023In recent years, the results of the association between Tribbles Pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1) gene polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke are... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
In recent years, the results of the association between Tribbles Pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1) gene polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke are inconsistent. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on TRIB1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) and stroke.
METHODS
This study collected studies published until May 2022 through a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. After a systematic literature search, pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95 % confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength of the association.
RESULTS
We identified 6 studies on rs17321515, including 12,892 controls and 4583 patients, and 3 on rs2954029, including 1732 controls and 1305 patients. In different genetic models, the rs2954029 genetic polymorphism significantly increased the risk of CAD and stroke. In the codominant model, the AA genotype increased the risk of CAD and stroke (OR = 1.74, 95 % CI = 1.39-2.17, P < 0.001); the TA genotype also increased the prevalence of CAD and stroke risk (OR = 1.39, 95 % CI = 1.18-1.64, P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, the TT + TA genotype increased the risk of CAD and stroke in the dominant genetic model (OR = 1.46, 95 %CI = 1.25-1.71, P < 0.001), and in the recessive model, the TA + AA genotype increased the risk of CAD and stroke (OR = 1.41, 95 % CI = 1.15-1.72, P < 0.001). In addition, the TRIB1 rs17321515 polymorphism was not found to be associated with the risk of CAD and stroke, which may be related to other factors such as race.
CONCLUSIONS
The rs2954029 A allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD and stroke, according to the present meta-analysis. However, the association of rs17321515 polymorphism with susceptibility to CAD and stroke has not been found in this study.
Topics: Humans; Coronary Artery Disease; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Genotype; Stroke; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
PubMed: 37414350
DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147613 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas May 2017Meta-analyses have found evidence of a relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, but Latin American populations have not been included. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Meta-analyses have found evidence of a relationship between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome, but Latin American populations have not been included.
METHODOLOGY
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies including adults with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome indexed in Medline, Scopus, SciELO, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and LILACS between 1980 and 2016. We computed pooled odds ratios (OR) with a random effects model and analyzed subgroups according to patient variables used in the studies.
RESULTS
Five studies with a total of 241 patients with psoriasis were found; 46.5% of the patients also had metabolic syndrome (pooled OR, 2.63; 95% CI: 1.11-6.23; P=.03). In studies using the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) criteria for metabolic syndrome, the pooled OR was similar at 3.97 (95% CI: 1.27-21.42). Studies that included patients with chronic and severe disease detected higher risk for metabolic syndrome (pooled OR, 6.65; 95% CI: 3.32-13.31). Limitations are that few studies have been done in Latin America, heterogeneity was high, and inconsistency was found across studies.
CONCLUSION
The association between psoriasis and metabolic syndrome is high in Latin America. The association is stronger when psoriasis is chronic and severe and when the ATP-III criteria are used for diagnosis.
Topics: Adult; Causality; Comorbidity; Disease Susceptibility; Humans; Latin America; Metabolic Syndrome; Models, Theoretical; Observational Studies as Topic; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Psoriasis; Research Design; Risk
PubMed: 28117050
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.11.009 -
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice Aug 2017Diabetes mellitus (DM) is hypothesized to be associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (OC), but current evidences are inconsistent. We aimed to further study... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is hypothesized to be associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (OC), but current evidences are inconsistent. We aimed to further study this association.
METHODS
PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for eligible articles. After descriptive summary of the data, a random-effects model was applied in quantitative synthesis. Subgroup analysis was performed by study locales and settings, and sensitivity analysis was conducted based on restrictive selection criteria. Funnel plots and the Egger's test were used to assess publication bias. Statistical heterogeneity in meta-analysis was assessed by the P value derived from the Cochrane Q statistic and I-squared value.
RESULTS
Fourteen articles involving data of 15 cohort studies were included for our research. Overall, 17 risk ratios (RRs) were synthesized and yielded a pooled RR of 1.32 (95%CI: 1.14-1.52, P<0.001, I=79.8%). Thirteen RRs were synthesized for type 2DM, and the pooled RR was 1.24 (95%CI: 1.06-1.44, P<0.001, I=81.8%). Four RRs were synthesized for type 1DM, and the result was significant (RR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.21-2.78, P=0.080, I=55.7%). Results of sensitivity analysis suggested the robustness of a positive association between DM and OC risk, and subgroup analysis demonstrated that the association between DM and OC was much more substantial among Asia population. No publication bias was identified in meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION
Our study suggests there is a moderate relative increase in the risk of OC among DM patients. Future studies should investigate the effect of duration of DM and anti-diabetes intervention to OC risk.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Susceptibility; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Risk Factors
PubMed: 28554142
DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.04.005 -
Expert Review of Gastroenterology &... 2015We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the polymorphism effects of IL18RAP and CCR3 on celiac disease susceptibility. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the polymorphism effects of IL18RAP and CCR3 on celiac disease susceptibility.
METHODS
PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched (to June 2015) on IL18RAP rs917997 and CCR3 rs6441961 polymorphisms.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis included 16 and 7 studies for rs917997 and rs6441961, respectively. The minor risk A allele at both rs917997 and rs6441961 carried risks (odds ratios) of 1.24 (95% CI 1.18-1.31) and 1.21 (95% CI 1.12-1.31), respectively. These alleles contributed to increase risks in all celiac disease patients by 5.04 and 6.35%. The estimated lambdas were 0.73 and 0.51, suggesting that an additive model would be the best choice for both gene effects.
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis provides robust estimates that IL18RAP rs917997 and CCR3 rs6441961 are potential risk factors for celiac disease in European populations. Studies are needed to confirm these findings in different ethnicities.
Topics: Celiac Disease; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Interleukin-18 Receptor beta Subunit; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptors, CCR3; Risk Factors; White People
PubMed: 26289103
DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2015.1075880 -
BMC Medicine Jul 2023Studies of women of European ancestry have shown that the average familial relative risk for first-degree relatives of women with breast cancer is approximately twofold,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Studies of women of European ancestry have shown that the average familial relative risk for first-degree relatives of women with breast cancer is approximately twofold, but little is known for Asian women. We aimed to provide evidence for the association between family history and breast cancer risk for Asian women by systematically reviewing published literature.
METHODS
Studies reporting the familial relative risk of breast cancer for Asian women were searched in three online databases and complemented by a manual search. Odds ratios (ORs) for the association between family history and breast cancer risk were pooled across all included studies and by subgroups in terms of the type of family history, age, menopausal status and geographical region.
RESULTS
The pooled OR for women who have a first-degree relative with breast cancer was 2.46 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.03, 2.97). There was no evidence that the familial risk differed by the type of affected relative (mother versus sisters), the woman's age (< 50 years versus ≥ 50 years), menopausal status (pre versus post) and geographical region (East and Southeast Asia versus other regions) (all P > 0.3). The pooled ORs for women of Asian ancestry with a family history in any relative were similar for those living in non-Asian countries (2.26, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.59) compared with those living in Asian countries (2.18, 95% CI: 1.85, 2.58).
CONCLUSIONS
Family history of breast cancer is associated with an approximately twofold relative risk of breast cancer for Asian women, which is of similar magnitude to that observed for women of European ancestry. This implies that similar familial factors are implicated in breast cancer risk between women of European and Asian ancestries. Genetic factors are likely to play a substantial role in explaining the breast cancer familial risk for Asian women, as similar risks were observed across different living environments and cultures.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Asia; Mothers; Case-Control Studies
PubMed: 37400822
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02950-3 -
Association between the XRCC6 polymorphisms and cancer risks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine Jan 2015A number of studies have been carried out to investigate the association of X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 6 (XRCC6) polymorphisms... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
A number of studies have been carried out to investigate the association of X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 6 (XRCC6) polymorphisms and cancer risks, and the results remained inconsistent and inconclusive.To assess the effect of XRCC6 polymorphisms on cancer susceptibility, we conducted a meta-analysis, up to May 23rd 2014, 6267 cases with different types of tumor and 7536 controls from 20 published case-control studies. Summary odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals for XRCC6 polymorphism and cancer risk were estimated using fixed- or random-effects models when appropriate. Heterogeneity was assessed by chi-squared-based Q-statistic test, and the sources of heterogeneity were explored by subgroup analyses, logistic meta-regression analyses and Galbraith plot. Publication bias was evaluated by Begg funnel plot and Egger test. Sensitivity analyses were also performed.The rs2267437 polymorphism was associated with a significant increase in risks of overall cancers, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, and it could increase the cancer risk in Asian population; the rs5751129 polymorphism could increase the cancer risk in overall cancers; the rs132770 polymorphism was associated with the increased renal cell carcinoma risk; furthermore, the rs132793 polymorphism could decrease breast cancer risk and increase risks in "other cancers".Overall, the results provided evidences that the single nucleotide polymorphisms in XRCC6 promoter region might play different roles in various cancers, indicating different cancers have different tumorigenesis mechanisms. Our studies may perhaps supplement for the disease monitoring of cancers in the future, and additional studies to determine the exact molecular mechanism might provide us with interventions to protect the susceptible subgroups.
Topics: Animals; Antigens, Nuclear; Case-Control Studies; DNA-Binding Proteins; Genetic Heterogeneity; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Ku Autoantigen; Neoplasms
PubMed: 25569644
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000283