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The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Nov 2022The use of non-prescribed drugs are common to pregnant women. It may lead to undesirable effects, such as birth defects. Study results on the occurrence and predictor of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The use of non-prescribed drugs are common to pregnant women. It may lead to undesirable effects, such as birth defects. Study results on the occurrence and predictor of non-prescribed drug use among pregnant women throughout Ethiopia are highly variable and inconsistent. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled prevalence of non-prescribed drug use and predictors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.
METHODS
We systematically searched studies from the international databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library and others. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata15. I test and Egger's test were used to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias respectively. The random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of non-prescribed drug use at a 95% CI.
RESULTS
Eleven studies with a total of 4492 pregnant women fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included. The pooled national level non-prescribed drug use among pregnant women was 30.38% (95% CI: 20.28, 40.48). The highest use of non-prescribed drug among pregnant women was observed in Amhara region 36.71%, while the lowest was in Tigray region 9.67%, respectively. The most frequently consumed non prescribed drugs by pregnant mothers were paracetamol 34.38%, amoxicillin 14.73%, aspirin 4.25%, metronidazole 2.81% and ciprofloxacin 2.80%. Maternal previous history of self-medication, maternal illness during pregnancy and maternal marital status were significantly associated with women non-prescribed drug use during pregnancy.
CONCLUSIONS
The overall prevalence of non- prescribed drug use among pregnant women in Ethiopia is relatively high, and varies across different regions. The most frequently consumed non- prescribed drug by pregnant mothers was paracetamol. Maternal; previous history of self-medication, illness during pregnancy and marital status were significantly associated with pregnant women non-prescribed drug use. Awareness of the possible side effects of taking non-prescribed drugs for all pregnant women is very relevant in the media and in the maternity ward. In particular, it is important to make clear to mothers who have a history of self-medication, to those who have a history of illness during pregnancy and to those who are pregnant, unmarried or divorced.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Ethiopia; Female; Humans; Mothers; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnant Women; Prevalence
PubMed: 33233996
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1849105 -
Journal of Clinical Nursing May 2023To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions for women with breast cancer on sexual function, sexual satisfaction, sexual relationships,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of psychological interventions for women with breast cancer on sexual function, sexual satisfaction, sexual relationships, sexual distress and sexual quality of life.
BACKGROUND
Sexual dysfunction is common in women with breast cancer and seriously affects their quality of life and marital harmony. Several studies have explored the effects of psychological interventions related to sexual function of women with breast cancer, but results were inconclusive.
DESIGN
A systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
METHOD
A search of PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, ClinicalTrials.gov. and Open Grey was conducted from inception to 9 May 2021. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data and conducted a quality appraisal of included studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies involving 1307 participants were included. The current study showed that psychological interventions made statistically significant improvements in sexual function (SMD = 0.82; 95% CI = [0.43, 1.20]; p < .001), sexual satisfaction (SMD = 0.95; 95% CI = [0.19, 1.72]; p = .01), sexual relationships (SMD = 0.37; 95% CI = [0.15, 0.60]; p = .001) and sexual distress (MD = -5.05; 95% CI = [-7.88, -2.22]; p = .0005) of women with breast cancer. A subgroup analysis regarding the types of psychological interventions indicated that cognitive behavioural therapy and psychoeducational therapy were beneficial to sexual function and satisfaction, and psychosexual counselling could also improve sexual function.
CONCLUSION
Psychological interventions, especially psychoeducational therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy, are effective for improving the sexual health of women with breast cancer.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
This current study provides evidence for the application of psychosexual interventions in women with breast cancer.
REGISTRATION
The study has been registered on the PROSPERO on 6 June 2021, with the registration number CRD42021253493.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Quality of Life; Psychosocial Intervention; Psychotherapy; Personal Satisfaction
PubMed: 34985158
DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16194 -
Human Fertility (Cambridge, England) Jun 2015Islam acknowledges that infertility is a significant hardship. Attempts to cure infertility are not only permissible, but also encouraged in Islam. Over the last three... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Islam acknowledges that infertility is a significant hardship. Attempts to cure infertility are not only permissible, but also encouraged in Islam. Over the last three decades, a multitude of advances in assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have appeared. This review was carried out to inform readers, who are not familiar with Islamic doctrine, about the Sunni perspective on this topic.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review of the literature.
METHOD
A series of searches was conducted of Medline databases published in English between January 1978 and December 2013 with the following
KEYWORDS
assisted reproduction, infertility, gender selection, ethics, bioethics, and Islam.
RESULTS
In Islamic Sunni law, all ARTs are allowed, provided that the source of the sperm, ovum, and uterus comes from a legally married couple during the span of their marriage. All forms of surrogacy are forbidden. A third-party donor is not allowed, whether he or she is providing sperm, eggs, embryos, or a uterus. Frozen preimplantation may be transferred to the wife in a successive cycle provided the marital bondage is not absolved by death or divorce. Gender selection for medical reasons is permitted. It is allowed for limited social reasons by some jurists, provided it does not involve discrimination against either sex.
CONCLUSIONS
ART is acceptable and commendable in Islamic Sunni law provided it is practiced within the husband and wife dyad during the span of their marital contract. No third party should intrude upon the marital function of procreation. Surrogacy is not accepted by Sunni Islamic authorities.
Topics: Cryopreservation; Humans; Infertility; Islam; Marriage; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted
PubMed: 25660098
DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2014.997810 -
BMJ Open Apr 2018To summarise the evidence on determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQL) in Asian patients with breast cancer. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To summarise the evidence on determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQL) in Asian patients with breast cancer.
DESIGN
Systematic review conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42015032468).
METHODS
According to the PRISMA guidelines, databases of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and PsycINFO were systematically searched using the following terms and synonyms: breast cancer, quality of life and Asia. Articles reporting on HRQL using EORTC-QLQ-C30, EORTC-QLQ-BR23, FACT-G and FACT-B questionnaires in Asian patients with breast cancer were eligible for inclusion. The methodological quality of each article was assessed using the quality assessment scale for cross-sectional studies or the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies.
RESULTS
Fifty-seven articles were selected for this qualitative synthesis, of which 43 (75%) were cross-sectional and 14 (25%) were longitudinal studies. Over 75 different determinants of HRQL were studied with either the EORTC or FACT questionnaires. Patients with comorbidities, treated with chemotherapy, with less social support and with more unmet needs have poorer HRQL. HRQL improves over time. Discordant results in studies were found in the association of age, marital status, household income, type of surgery, radiotherapy and hormone therapy and unmet sexuality needs with poor global health status or overall well-being.
CONCLUSIONS
In Asia, patients with breast cancer, in particular those with other comorbidities and those treated with chemotherapy, with less social support and with more unmet needs, have poorer HRQL. Appropriate social support and meeting the needs of patients may improve patients' HRQL.
Topics: Asia; Breast Neoplasms; Comorbidity; Female; Health Services Needs and Demand; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Quality of Life; Social Support; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 29678980
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020512 -
Heliyon Jan 2024Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted...
OBJECTIVES
Marital infidelity is a highly distressing experience for those involved. Understanding the psychological factors related to infidelity can help develop targeted interventions. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between attachment styles and marital infidelity.
METHODS
Seventeen studies were included, sourced from electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo, with no time limitations, up to April 2023. The search employed terms like "attachment AND marital infidelity." Study quality was evaluated using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool from RevMan version 5.3.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis involved a total of 13,666 participants, ranging from 208 to 4047 individuals. Findings showed that higher levels of anxiety and avoidance in attachment were significantly associated with increased marital infidelity ( = 0.18, 95 % CI = 0.14-0.22, p < 0.0001). Conversely, weaker attachment insecurity was linked to reduced rates of marital infidelity. Additionally, both dismissive and fearful attachment styles correlated with marital infidelity, with respective weighted effect sizes of = 0.07, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.04-0.10) and = 0.19, p < 0.001 (95 % CI = 0.10-0.29). No association was found between preoccupied attachment and infidelity.
CONCLUSION
Individuals with insecure attachment styles, specifically those with high levels of anxiety or avoidance, are more likely to engage in marital infidelity. Attachment styles should be a focus in couples therapy, especially for treatment related to infidelity. Assessing and addressing these underlying attachment issues can better guide therapists in their work with couples facing infidelity.
PubMed: 38163207
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23261 -
The American Journal of Managed Care Feb 2016Case-mix adjustment is generally considered indispensable for fair comparison of healthcare performance. Inaccurate results are also unfair to patients as they are... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Case-mix adjustment is generally considered indispensable for fair comparison of healthcare performance. Inaccurate results are also unfair to patients as they are ineffective for improving quality. However, little is known about what factors should be adjusted for. We reviewed case-mix factors included in adjustment models for key diabetes indicators, the rationale for their inclusion, and their impact on performance.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review.
METHODS
This systematic review included studies published up to June 2013 addressing case-mix factors for 6 key diabetes indicators: 2 outcomes and 2 process indicators for glycated hemoglobin (A1C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure. Factors were categorized as demographic, diabetes-related, comorbidity, generic health, geographic, or care-seeking, and were evaluated on the rationale for inclusion in the adjustment models, as well as their impact on indicator scores and ranking.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies were included, mainly addressing A1C value and measurement. Twenty-three different case-mix factors, mostly demographic and diabetes-related, were identified, and varied from 1 to 14 per adjustment model. Six studies provided selection motives for the inclusion of case-mix factors. Marital status and body mass index showed a significant impact on A1C value. For the other factors, either no or conflicting associations were reported, or too few studies (n ≤ 2) investigated this association.
CONCLUSIONS
Scientific knowledge about the relative importance of case-mix factors for diabetes indicators is emerging, especially for demographic and diabetes-related factors and indicators on A1C, but is still limited. Because arbitrary adjustment potentially results in inaccurate quality information, meaningful stratification that demonstrates inequity in care might be a better guide, as it can be a driver for quality improvement.
Topics: Age Factors; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol, LDL; Comorbidity; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis-Related Groups; Glycated Hemoglobin; Health Status; Humans; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Risk Adjustment; Sex Factors; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 26881319
DOI: No ID Found -
Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal Mar 2021For individuals with a psychotic disorder, dating can present several challenges and lead many to be excluded from intimate relationships. These difficulties may stem...
UNLABELLED
For individuals with a psychotic disorder, dating can present several challenges and lead many to be excluded from intimate relationships. These difficulties may stem from a number of factors, including impairments in social and sexual functioning. Although scientific interest in this topic is mounting, the last quantitative review of the literature dates back to 2003.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this systematic review was to collect, evaluate, and synthesize quantitative data from studies published in the last 15 years on romantic relationships and sexuality in the context of a psychotic disorder.
METHODS
Articles were retrieved from PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases and were retained if they met the following inclusion criteria: (a) original research or meta-analysis, (b) complete or partial sample with a psychotic disorder diagnosis, (c) provision of quantitative data specific to the population of interest, and (d) studies focusing on romantic relationship and/or sexuality variables as correlates, predictors, mediators, or outcomes. Study quality was evaluated using PRISMA criteria.
RESULTS
43 studies were identified, 24 of which were categorized as obstacle-related (e.g., focusing on negative aspects of intimacy, such as risky behaviors) and 19 of which were deemed neutral or recovery-oriented (e.g., focusing on positive aspects of intimacy, such as marital functioning).
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE
Results highlight a need for greater communication and assistance in the areas of intimacy and sexuality for persons with psychotic disorders. Better access to resources such as dating skills and couples therapy programs as well as more consumer-oriented research is needed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Topics: Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Psychotic Disorders; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexuality
PubMed: 32191102
DOI: 10.1037/prj0000409 -
Cancer Medicine Jul 2023Distress is prevalent among lymphoma patients/survivors. Current processes of distress identification rely on self-reporting by patients/survivors, which may be limited... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Distress is prevalent among lymphoma patients/survivors. Current processes of distress identification rely on self-reporting by patients/survivors, which may be limited by their willingness to report symptoms. To help identify patients/survivors at greater risk, this systematic review aims to comprehensively review factors that may contribute to distress in lymphoma patients/survivors.
METHODS
PubMed was systematically searched for peer-reviewed primary articles (1997-2022) consisting of standardised keywords "lymphoma" and "distress." Information from 41 articles was integrated via narrative synthesis.
RESULTS
Consistent risk factors of distress include younger age, relapsed disease, and greater comorbidities and symptom burden. Active treatment and the transition from treatment to post-treatment could be challenging phases. Adequate social support, adaptive adjustment to cancer, engaging in work and healthcare professionals' support may mitigate distress. There is some evidence that older age may be associated with greater depression and life changes/experiences may shape how individuals cope with lymphoma. Gender and marital status were not robust predictors of distress. Other clinical, psychological and socioeconomic factors are understudied or have mixed findings.
CONCLUSIONS
While several factors of distress align with that of other cancers, more research is needed to identify significant factors of distress in lymphoma patients/survivors. The identified factors may support clinicians in identifying distressed lymphoma patients/survivors and providing interventions where necessary. The review also highlights avenues for future research and a need to routinely collect data on distress and its factors in registries.
Topics: Humans; Stress, Psychological; Quality of Life; Lymphoma; Neoplasms; Psychological Distress
PubMed: 37199079
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6069 -
Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery Mar 2016Different factors have been studied and proven to significantly influence discharge destination of acute stroke patients after hospitalization. Few reviews have been... (Review)
Review
Different factors have been studied and proven to significantly influence discharge destination of acute stroke patients after hospitalization. Few reviews have been published combining the results of these studies. Therefore we aim to present an overview of the studies conducted regarding these predicting factors. Through conducting a systematic review we aimed to study the different predictive factors influencing discharge destination of acute stroke patients after hospitalization. Nineteen articles were selected in accordance with the research question and inclusion criteria. The factors found were, according to their significance in the articles, subcategorized in age, gender, functional status, cognitive status, race and ethnicity, co morbidities, education, stroke characteristics, social and living situation. The main factors significantly associated with other than home discharge were functional dependence/comorbidities, neurocognitive dysfunction and previous living circumstances/marital status. A medium or large infarct is associated with institutionalization. The stroke volume is not associated with home discharge. The effect of other factors remain controversial and results differ between studies. These include: age, gender, race, affected hemisphere and availability of a caregiver not living at home. Factors such as education, hospital complications, geographic location and FIM progression during hospitalization have not been studied sufficiently.
Topics: Age Distribution; Caregivers; Cognition; Humans; Patient Discharge; Sex Characteristics; Stroke; Stroke Rehabilitation
PubMed: 26802615
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.01.004 -
BMJ Open Jan 2015To evaluate the evidence on the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for improving pregnancy rates and reducing distress for couples in treatment with assisted... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the evidence on the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for improving pregnancy rates and reducing distress for couples in treatment with assisted reproductive technology (ART).
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
DATA SOURCES
PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library between 1978 and April 2014.
STUDY SELECTION
Studies were considered eligible if they evaluated the effect of any psychosocial intervention on clinical pregnancy and/or distress in infertile participants, used a quantitative approach and were published in English.
DATA EXTRACTION
Study characteristics and results were extracted and the methodological quality was assessed. Effect sizes (ES; Hedges g) were pooled using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q statistic and I(2), and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's method. Possible moderators and mediators were explored with meta-analyses of variances (ANOVAs) and meta-regression.
RESULTS
We identified 39 eligible studies (total N=2746 men and women) assessing the effects of psychological treatment on pregnancy rates and/or adverse psychological outcomes, including depressive symptoms, anxiety, infertility stress and marital function. Statistically significant and robust overall effects of psychosocial intervention were found for both clinical pregnancy (risk ratio=2.01; CI 1.48 to 2.73; p<0.001) and combined psychological outcomes (Hedges g=0.59; CI 0.38 to 0.80; p=0.001). The pooled ES for psychological outcomes were generally larger for women (g: 0.51 to 0.73) than men (0.13 to 0.34), but the difference only reached statistical significance for depressive symptoms (p=0.004). Meta-regression indicated that larger reductions in anxiety were associated with greater improvement in pregnancy rates (Slope 0.19; p=0.004). No clear-cut differences were found between effects of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT; g=0.84), mind-body interventions (0.61) and other intervention types (0.50).
CONCLUSIONS
The present meta-analysis suggests that psychosocial interventions for couples in treatment for infertility, in particular CBT, could be efficacious, both in reducing psychological distress and in improving clinical pregnancy rates.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infertility; Male; Mental Disorders; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnancy Rate; Psychotherapy; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25631310
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006592