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Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2014Substantial number of elderly people suffer from poor mastication, which is considered to have a detrimental effect on their dietary habits. However, the association... (Review)
Review
Substantial number of elderly people suffer from poor mastication, which is considered to have a detrimental effect on their dietary habits. However, the association between mastication and diet is far from conclusive. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the association of mastication with food and nutrient intake in the community dwelling elderly. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scirus databases to obtain information on the epidemiological studies in this research area. The included publications were analyzed for study design, main conclusions, and strength of evidence. A comprehensive quality assessment of all the included studies (28 cross-sectional and 7 intervention studies) was performed. In 22 of the 28 cross-sectional studies, elderly persons with better mastication and dentition reported significantly higher consumption of foods and intake of some nutrients than those with poorer oral health; however, the remaining studies showed no such differences. Five of the 7 intervention studies with an intervention involving the provision of new prostheses did not show significant improvement in food and/or nutrient intake. These discrepant findings suggest that masticatory ability explains only part of the variance in food and nutrient intake of the elderly. Two intervention studies with the combination of prosthetic treatment and dietary intervention produced changes in intake of foods such as fruits and vegetables.
Topics: Aged; Diet; Energy Intake; Feeding Behavior; Food; Fruit; Humans; Mastication; Oral Health; Vegetables
PubMed: 25179444
DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.08.005 -
Journal of Dentistry Aug 2022To give an overview of the current evidence on the associations of general health conditions with masticatory performance and maximum bite force in older adults. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To give an overview of the current evidence on the associations of general health conditions with masticatory performance and maximum bite force in older adults.
DATA/SOURCES
Three electronic databases (Medline via PubMed, Embase via Ovid and CINAHL Plus via EBSCOhost) were searched up to September 2021 for cross-sectional studies on general health conditions and masticatory performance or maximum bite force in older adults. Methodological quality of the included studies was independently evaluated based on Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies. Data on the associations between general health conditions and masticatory performance or maximum bite force were extracted.
STUDY SELECTION
Of the 5133 records identified, 39 studies (43 articles) were included in this review. Significant negative associations were found between masticatory performance and stroke, sarcopenia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dyspepsia, dysphagia, anorexia, and carotid atherosclerosis. Significant negative association was found between maximum bite force and sarcopenia. There were equivocal results on the association between masticatory performance and diabetes mellitus, and between maximum bite force and stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. There was no significant association between masticatory performance and metabolic syndrome, and between maximum bite force and progress of Parkinson's disease. Most studies revealed positive associations of physical function with masticatory performance and maximum bite force.
CONCLUSIONS
Negative associations between masticatory function of older adults and presence of several systemic diseases have been reported in a number of studies while there are positive associations between masticatory function and some physical function indicators.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This study provides valuable information on the association of masticatory function with general health, which draws clinicians' attention to the masticatory function of older adults who suffer from certain systemic diseases or physical dysfunction, and to the need to improve their masticatory ability to achieve healthy aging.
Topics: Aged; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Bite Force; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Mastication; Sarcopenia; Stroke
PubMed: 35691453
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104186 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2022Functional Chewing Training (FuCT) was designed as a holistic approach to improve chewing function by providing postural alignment, sensory and motor training, and food... (Review)
Review
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Functional Chewing Training Compared with Standard Treatment in a Population of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
BACKGROUND
Functional Chewing Training (FuCT) was designed as a holistic approach to improve chewing function by providing postural alignment, sensory and motor training, and food and environmental adjustments. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of FuCT in improving chewing function and the severity of tongue thrust and drooling in children with cerebral palsy as compared with standard treatment.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. The search was performed between October 2021 and January 2022 using the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL. The review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
RESULTS
The initial search yielded 56 articles. After reading the studies in full, 3 articles were chosen based on the inclusion criteria. Included participants were people with PCI; the studies reported a sample size ranging from 40-80 individuals, one study was on a pediatric population, while the others on adults. The selected studies were then evaluated using Jadad and PEDro scales.
CONCLUSION
Our study confirmed the value of FuCT in improving chewing function and the severity of tongue thrust and drooling. Our results may be useful in optimizing appropriate therapeutic management.
PubMed: 36553319
DOI: 10.3390/children9121876 -
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and... Dec 2019This article presents a review of current data on the applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), to guide future... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This article presents a review of current data on the applications of photobiomodulation (PBM) in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), to guide future research. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been reported to be effective for various postoperative conditions, including pain relief, improvement of mastication, neurosensory recovery, and wound healing. There is a need for identifying the therapeutic irradiation windows for these conditions, based upon the available literature. All original articles related to PBM for oral surgery in MEDLINE (NCBI PubMed and PMC), EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were reviewed until December 2018. Forty-six clinical trials were included in this study. These trials were categorized into three different types of PBM applications. After reviewing all these studies, the most effective physical properties for PBM pain reduction after tooth extraction were as follows: wavelength 650-980 nm; power 4-300 mW; and energy density 3-85.7 J/cm. PBMT at 660-910 nm with 4-500 mW power and 2-480 J/cm energy density was effective for decreasing facial swelling. At the same wavelength and power range with 4-106 J/cm energy density, PBM was effective for alleviating trismus after tooth extraction. Most papers suggested that PBM seemed to be effective in reducing pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar tooth extraction, neurosensory and nerve recovery after mandibular ramus osteotomy. The heterogeneity of the standardization regarding the parameters of laser calls for caution in interpretation of these results. However, this evidence-based review regarding the best protocols for OMFS applications can be beneficial for both future research and clinical applications.
Topics: Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Surgery, Oral
PubMed: 31750798
DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4712 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... Nov 2023The study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that chewing is a mechanical and physiological contributor to swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the...
The study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that chewing is a mechanical and physiological contributor to swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and nutrition-related factors. A search strategy was applied to three different databases to investigate if chewing function in adults affects the swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the GIT, and nutrition-related factors compared to controls with no exposure. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality and risk of bias and certainty of evidence. The results showed 71 eligible studies. Overall, the results showed that 46 studies supported the hypothesis while 25 refuted it. However, the GRADE analysis showed low to very low certainty of the evidence to support the hypothesis that chewing is an important contributor in the swallowing process, and physiologic/pathologic processes in the GIT. The GRADE analysis also showed a moderate to very low certainty of the evidence to suggest that chewing function contributes to nutrition-related parameters. The overall results of the current study showed that a majority (64.7%) of the studies (46 out of 71) supported the hypothesis. However, robust studies with proper design, adequate sample size, and well-defined outcome parameters are needed to establish conclusive evidence.
Topics: Deglutition; Mastication; Gastrointestinal Tract; Nutritional Status
PubMed: 35837677
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098245 -
JDR Clinical and Translational Research Oct 2022A key purpose of denture provision is to enable eating, yet the body of evidence pertaining to the impact of dentures on wide-ranging nutritional outcomes has not been... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
A key purpose of denture provision is to enable eating, yet the body of evidence pertaining to the impact of dentures on wide-ranging nutritional outcomes has not been systematically reviewed.
OBJECTIVES
To systematically review published evidence pertaining to the effect of wearing removable dental prosthesis on dietary intake, nutritional status, eating function, and eating related-quality of life (ERQoL).
METHODS
Eight questions relating to the impact of wearing dentures on nutritional outcomes were addressed. The target population was healthy adults aged ≥18 y. Data sources included Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PubMed. Included were all human epidemiologic studies. The Newcastle-Ottawa score was used for appraisal of study quality. Harvest plots, vote counting, and accompanying narrative provided the basis for synthesis.
RESULTS
Of the 1,245 records identified, 134 were retrieved and eligibility assessed by 2 reviewers, and 41 studies were included in the synthesis (14 rated good quality, 20 fair, and 7 poor). The balance of data supported a positive impact of wearing full (5/7 studies) or partial (3/3 studies) dentures (vs. no dentures) on nutritional status, though no clear direction of effect was detected for the impact of dentures on dietary intake. The balance of data clearly showed that objective measures of eating function were compromised in full (14/15 studies) and partial (6/7 studies) denture wearers as compared with the dentate. Data showed that ERQoL was also compromised in denture wearers as compared with the dentate (3/3 studies). However, data showed a positive impact of wearing dentures on ERQoL (5/5 studies) as opposed to wearing no dentures.
CONCLUSION
The balance of evidence shows that despite no clear pattern on impact of wearing dentures on measured dietary intake, in those with tooth loss, wearing dentures can have a positive impact on nutritional status and enjoyment of eating.
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT
The results of this systematic review can be used to advocate for health care services to address prosthodontic need to benefit nutritional outcomes. The findings will be of use in educating health care professionals on the impact of wearing dentures and not addressing prosthodontic need on nutritional outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Denture, Complete; Eating; Humans; Mouth, Edentulous; Nutritional Status; Quality of Life
PubMed: 34210202
DOI: 10.1177/23800844211026608 -
Appetite Jun 2018Food delivers energy, nutrients and a pleasurable experience. Slow eating and prolonged oro-sensory exposure to food during consumption can enhance the processes that... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Food delivers energy, nutrients and a pleasurable experience. Slow eating and prolonged oro-sensory exposure to food during consumption can enhance the processes that promote satiation. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of oral processing on subjective measures of appetite (hunger, desire to eat) and objectively measured food intake. The aim was to investigate the influence of oral processing characteristics, specifically "chewing" and "lubrication", on "appetite" and "food intake". A literature search of six databases (Cochrane library, PubMed, Medline, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Web of Science, Scopus), yielded 12161 articles which were reduced to a set of 40 articles using pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. A further two articles were excluded from the meta-analysis due to missing relevant data. From the remaining 38 papers, detailing 40 unique studies with 70 subgroups, raw data were extracted for meta-analysis (food intake n = 65, hunger n = 22 and desire to eat ratings n = 15) and analyzed using random effects modelling. Oral processing parameters, such as number of chews, eating rate and texture manipulation, appeared to influence food intake markedly but appetite ratings to a lesser extent. Meta-analysis confirmed a significant effect of the direct and indirect aspects of oral processing that were related to chewing on both self-reported hunger (-0.20 effect size, 95% confidence interval CI: -0.30, -0.11), and food intake (-0.28 effect size, 95% CI: -0.36, -0.19). Although lubrication is an important aspect of oral processing, few studies on its effects on appetite have been conducted. Future experiments using standardized approaches should provide a clearer understanding of the role of oral processing, including both chewing and lubrication, in promoting satiety.
Topics: Adult; Appetite; Eating; Energy Intake; Female; Humans; Hunger; Lubrication; Male; Mastication; Mouth; Young Adult
PubMed: 29408331
DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.01.018 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Dec 2023Adequate muscle activity is important for the success of oral rehabilitation: it maintains the integrity of the stomatognathic system and is responsible for chewing... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Adequate muscle activity is important for the success of oral rehabilitation: it maintains the integrity of the stomatognathic system and is responsible for chewing movements needed to break, crush and grind food.
OBJECTIVE
To compare muscle activity using electromyography (EMG) while clenching or chewing soft and/or hard foods among individuals with natural dentition (ND) and edentulous patients rehabilitated with dental prostheses.
METHODS
This review was conducted until March, 2023, and the research question was "Is the muscle activity of edentulous patients rehabilitated with dental prostheses similar to that of dentate individuals?" A search strategy was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Lilacs, Embase and manual journal searches.
RESULTS
Ten studies were included in the analysis. Most of them reported that individuals with ND had significant higher muscle activity (clenching or chewing) than complete dentures (CD) users. However, no difference was observed between patients with full mouth implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis (ISFDP) and ND. Additionally, two studies compared patients with mandibular ISFDP with maxillary CD and individuals with ND and found no differences; however, one study concluded that patients with ISFDP with CD (maxillary or mandibular) had lower muscle activity than individuals with ND. Only one study reported a higher muscle activity in patients with full-mouth ISFDP than in individuals with ND.
CONCLUSIONS
Bimaxillary CD users had lower muscle activity than individuals with ND. During rehabilitation, the muscle activity of patients with full-mouth ISFDP and mandibular ISFDP with maxillary CD is similar to individuals with ND.
Topics: Humans; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Mouth, Edentulous; Denture, Complete; Mastication; Muscles; Dental Implants; Denture, Overlay
PubMed: 37605296
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13564 -
World Neurosurgery May 2018Minimally invasive alternatives to the pterional craniotomy include the minipterional and the supraorbital craniotomy (SOC). The latter is performed via either an... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Minimally invasive alternatives to the pterional craniotomy include the minipterional and the supraorbital craniotomy (SOC). The latter is performed via either an eyebrow or an eyelid skin incision. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the type and the incidence of approach-related complications of these so-called "keyhole craniotomies".
METHODS
We review pertinent articles retrieved by search in the PubMed/Medline database. Inclusion criteria were all full-text articles, abstracts, and posters in English, up to 2016, reporting clinical results.
RESULTS
A total of 105 articles containing data on 5837 surgeries performed via a minipterional or either of the 2 variants of the SOC met the eligibility criteria. Pain on mastication was the most commonly reported approach-related complication of the minipterional approach, and occurred in 7.5% of cases. Temporary palsy of the frontal branch of the facial nerve and temporary supraorbital hypesthesia were associated with the SOC eyebrow variant, and occurred in 6.5%, respectively in 3.6% of cases. Transient postoperative periorbital edema and transient ophthalmoparesis occurred in 36.8% and 17.4% of cases, respectively, when the SOC was performed via an eyelid skin incision. The risk of occurrence of the latter 2 complications was related to the removal of the orbital rim, which is an obligatory part of the SOC approach through the eyelid but optional with the SOC eyebrow variant.
CONCLUSIONS
Each of the 3 keyhole approaches has a specific set and incidence of approach-related complications. It is essential to be aware of these complications to make the safest individual choice.
Topics: Cranial Nerve Diseases; Craniotomy; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Pain; Postoperative Complications; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29452317
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.02.016 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Sep 2023Denture adhesives improve the mastication of complete denture wearers. However, the impact of denture adhesives with different presentations on mastication remains... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Denture adhesives improve the mastication of complete denture wearers. However, the impact of denture adhesives with different presentations on mastication remains unclear.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to answer the focused question, "Do different presentations of denture adhesives affect the masticatory function of complete denture wearers?".
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Six databases and the non-peer-reviewed literature were searched up to July 2021. Only clinical studies (randomized clinical trials and nonrandomized clinical trials) comparing the use of different denture adhesive presentations (cream, powder, or strips) were included, without language or follow-up restrictions. The risk of bias was assessed by using the Cochrane tools (RoB 2.0 and ROBINS-I). Masticatory performance, by using single and multiple sieves, masticatory performance with color-changing chewing gum (mixing ability), swallowing threshold (particle size and number of cycles), jaw kinematics, and occlusal force were considered. Meta-analyses were conducted to evaluate masticatory performance (single sieve) and occlusal force outcomes (α=.05), and the certainty of the evidence was determined with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) evaluations.
RESULTS
Nine studies (6 randomized and 3 nonrandomized clinical trials) were included. The risk of bias was considered moderate. Meta-analyses showed no differences between cream and powder denture adhesives for masticatory performance (standard mean difference=0.02; 95% CI=-0.46 to 0.50, P=.93) or between cream and strip denture adhesives for occlusal force (mean difference=14.35; 95% CI=-11.14 to 39.84, P=.27). Similarly, in qualitative analysis, cream and powder denture adhesives' performances were similar regarding masticatory performance with color-changing chewing gum (mixing ability), occlusal force, swallowing threshold (particle size and number of cycles), and jaw kinematics (P>.05). However, for resorbed ridges, cream denture adhesive resulted in a higher masticatory performance than strip (P<.05). When comparing powder to strip denture adhesives, the occlusal force was higher in the powder group (P<.05). The certainty of evidence was very low for all evaluated outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Different presentations of denture adhesives seem to improve the masticatory function of complete denture wearers in a similar way. However, the qualitative analysis showed that, in patients with a resorbed ridge, a cream denture adhesive may be better than strips to improve mastication, although the certainty of evidence was very low.
Topics: Humans; Powders; Chewing Gum; Denture, Complete; Bite Force; Mastication; Adhesives
PubMed: 34772484
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.09.026