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American Journal of Obstetrics and... Feb 2015Family studies and twin studies demonstrate that lower urinary tract symptoms and pelvic organ prolapse are heritable. This review aimed to identify genetic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Family studies and twin studies demonstrate that lower urinary tract symptoms and pelvic organ prolapse are heritable. This review aimed to identify genetic polymorphisms tested for an association with lower urinary tract symptoms or prolapse, and to assess the strength, consistency, and risk of bias among reported associations.
STUDY DESIGN
PubMed and HuGE Navigator were searched up to May 1, 2014, using a combination of genetic and phenotype key words, including "nocturia," "incontinence," "overactive bladder," "prolapse," and "enuresis." Major genetics, urology, and gynecology conference abstracts were searched from 2005 through 2013. We screened 889 abstracts, and retrieved 78 full texts. In all, 27 published and 7 unpublished studies provided data on polymorphisms in or near 32 different genes. Fixed and random effects metaanalyses were conducted using codominant models of inheritance. We assessed the credibility of pooled associations using the interim Venice criteria.
RESULTS
In pooled analysis, the rs4994 polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene was associated with overactive bladder (odds ratio [OR], 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7-3.6; n = 419). The rs1800012 polymorphism of the COL1A1 gene was associated with prolapse (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.7; n = 838) and stress urinary incontinence (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4-3.2; n = 190). Other metaanalyses, including those for polymorphisms of COL3A1,LAMC1,MMP1,MMP3, and MMP9 did not show significant effects. Many studies were at high risk of bias from genotyping error or population stratification.
CONCLUSION
These metaanalyses provide moderate epidemiological credibility for associations of variation in ADRB3 with overactive bladder, and variation of COL1A1 with prolapse. Clinical testing for any of these polymorphisms cannot be recommended based on current evidence.
Topics: Female; Genetic Association Studies; Genotype; Humans; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Odds Ratio; Pelvic Organ Prolapse
PubMed: 25111588
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.08.005 -
Clinical Endocrinology Oct 2018Liver cirrhosis (LC) was associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis; however, the association between LC and fracture risk was inconclusive. Therefore, this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Liver cirrhosis (LC) was associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis; however, the association between LC and fracture risk was inconclusive. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to explore the association between LC and fracture risk.
DESIGN
To identify related literature, a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science and the Cochrane Library from 1965 to July 2017 without language limitation was performed. The random-effects model described by DerSimonian and Laird was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
Eventually, 5 cohort and 3 case-control studies were identified, which included 321 035 subjects and 31 272 fracture cases. The pooled OR of the association between LC and any fracture risk, hip fracture, spine/trunk fracture and limb fracture was 1.94 (95% CI, 1.59-2.37), 2.11 (95% CI, 1.34-3.32), 2.00 (95% CI, 1.50-2.67) and 1.82 (95% CI, 1.65-2.01), respectively.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, this study indicates that cirrhotic patients have an increased risk of fracture. Preventive measures should be instituted as early as possible.
Topics: Animals; Confidence Intervals; Fractures, Bone; Hip Fractures; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors
PubMed: 29885255
DOI: 10.1111/cen.13762 -
Journal of Interventional Cardiac... Nov 2021The impacts of pre-existing atrial fibrillation (AF) on COVID-19-associated outcomes are unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
The impacts of pre-existing atrial fibrillation (AF) on COVID-19-associated outcomes are unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the pooled prevalence of pre-existing AF and its short-term mortality risk in COVID-19 patients.
METHODS
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed in abstracting data and assessing validity. We searched MEDLINE and Scopus to locate all the articles published up to January 31, 2021, reporting data on pre-existing AF among COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors. The pooled prevalence of pre-existing AF was calculated using a random effects model and presenting the related 95% confidence interval (CI), while the mortality risk was estimated using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects models with odds ratio (OR) and related 95% CI. Statistical heterogeneity was measured using the Higgins I statistic.
RESULTS
Twelve studies, enrolling 15.562 COVID-19 patients (mean age 71.6 years), met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The pooled prevalence of pre-existing AF was 11.0% of cases (95% CI: 7.8-15.2%, p < 0.0001) with high heterogeneity (I = 95.2%). Pre-existing AF was associated with higher risk of short-term death (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.47-3.36, p < 0.0001), with high heterogeneity (I = 79.1%).
CONCLUSION
Pre-existing AF is present in about 11% of COVID-19 cases but results associated with an increased risk of short-term mortality.
Topics: Aged; Atrial Fibrillation; COVID-19; Humans; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33855639
DOI: 10.1007/s10840-021-00992-2 -
Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) Dec 2015The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether breastfeeding decreases the risk of malocclusions. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
The objective of this systematic review was to investigate whether breastfeeding decreases the risk of malocclusions.
METHODS
Six databases were systematically searched to the end of October 2014. Observational and interventional studies were included. Breastfeeding was evaluated in three categories: (i) ever versus never; (ii) exclusive versus absence of exclusive; and (iii) longer periods versus shorter periods. All types of malocclusion were considered as the outcome. Pooled adjusted odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were obtained from meta-analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed with both the Q-test and the I-square. Funnel plots and Egger's test were employed to assess publication bias.
RESULTS
Forty-eight studies were included in the systematic review, and 41 were included in the overall meta-analysis (n = 27 023 participants). Subjects who were ever breastfed were less likely to develop malocclusions than those never breastfed (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.24; 0.48), those who were exclusively breastfed presented lower risk to present malocclusion than those with absence of exclusive breastfeeding (OR 0.54; 95% CI 0.38; 0.77), and subjects longer breastfed were less likely to have malocclusions than those shorter breastfed (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.29; 0.54).
CONCLUSION
Breastfeeding decreases the risk of malocclusions.
Topics: Adolescent; Breast Feeding; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Malocclusion; Odds Ratio; Time Factors
PubMed: 26140303
DOI: 10.1111/apa.13103 -
Eye & Contact Lens Sep 2023To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of orthokeratology for slowing myopia progression in children. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of orthokeratology for slowing myopia progression in children.
METHODS
We performed a specific search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials, CNKI, SinoMed, and Wanfang Data for RCTs conducted up to October 1, 2022. We pooled the weighted mean difference (WMD) between the orthokeratology and control groups for axial length (AL) elongation and the odds ratio (OR) for rates of adverse events and dropout.
RESULTS
Seven RCTs involving 655 eyes were included. There were significant differences in the effects of orthokeratology versus control in slowing AL elongation with WMD of -0.11 mm (95% confidence interval (CI), -0.13 to -0.08; P <0.01) at 6 months, -0.16 mm (95% CI, -0.18 to -0.13; P <0.01) at 12 months, -0.23 mm (95% CI, -0.29 to -0.18; P <0.01) at 18 months, and -0.28 mm (95% CI, -0.38 to -0.19; P <0.01) at 24 months, respectively. Myopia control rate declined, with 64%, 53%, 50%, and 47% recorded for 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. There was no statistical significance for adverse events between orthokeratology and control groups (OR=2.63, 95% CI, 0.72-9.61; P =0.11).
CONCLUSION
Orthokeratology can effectively slow myopia progression in children, and the efficacy of myopia control decreases with time.
Topics: Child; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Myopia; Axial Length, Eye; Odds Ratio; Orthokeratologic Procedures; Refraction, Ocular
PubMed: 37284749
DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000001006 -
Nutrition Reviews Aug 2021Diet may be one of the modifiable environmental factors that could reduce depressive symptoms or abate the development of depression without side effects. However,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
CONTEXT
Diet may be one of the modifiable environmental factors that could reduce depressive symptoms or abate the development of depression without side effects. However, previous reviews mainly focused on general adult populations.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the association between healthy dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults.
DATA SOURCES
Eight databases were searched up to September 2019. The inclusion criteria were older adults aged ≥ 65 years, healthy dietary patterns, depression assessed by a physician or by validated screening tools, and quantitative study design.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data were extracted independently by 2 researchers, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline was followed.
DATA ANALYSIS
Meta-analysis was conducted by calculating the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs. A total of 18 eligible studies were meta-analyzed. Results showed that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of depression in older adults (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.78-0.92; P < 0.001). There was high heterogeneity (I2 = 64.9%; P < 0.001) among the studies. Subgroup analyses indicated that sample size and depression screening tools were the main sources of study heterogeneity.
CONCLUSIONS
An inverse association between healthy dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults was found. However, the high heterogeneity among the studies should be considered.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO registration no. CRD 42020169195.
Topics: Aged; Depression; Diet; Humans; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33236111
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa118 -
Medicine Jun 2023To examine the association between pregnant women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the risk of preeclampsia. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
To examine the association between pregnant women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the risk of preeclampsia.
METHODS
This study was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the number CRD42022361571. The primary outcome was preeclampsia. Two evaluators independently reviewed the included studies, assessed their risk of bias, and extracted the data. Unadjusted and adjusted ratios with 95% confidence intervals and 95% prediction intervals were calculated. Heterogeneity was quantified using the І2 statistic, where І2 ≥ 50% indicated the presence of significant heterogeneity. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of the overall findings.
RESULTS
A total of 8 studies, including 10,951,184 pregnant women, of whom 13,333 were diagnosed with RA, met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that pregnant women with RA were significantly more likely to develop preeclampsia than those without RA (pooled odds ratio, 1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.52-1.80; P < .001; І2 < .001).
CONCLUSION
RA during pregnancy is associated with higher odds of preeclampsia.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnant Women; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Odds Ratio
PubMed: 37390281
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000034131 -
American Journal of Men's Health 2021The objective of this study is to investigate the association between periodontitis (PD) and erectile dysfunction (ED).A systematic review and meta-analysis on data was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The objective of this study is to investigate the association between periodontitis (PD) and erectile dysfunction (ED).A systematic review and meta-analysis on data was extracted and conducted according to PRISMA. Relevant articles were selected from a literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and CENTRAL from inception until August 2, 2020. Both randomized and nonrandomized controlled studies were included. Case reports, case series, nonsystematic reviews and trials published as abstract were excluded. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the association between PD and the risk of ED. The meta-analysis was conducted with RevMan 5.3. Methodological quality assessment was carried out using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and the quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.Six articles (215008 subjects) were included for analysis. Of the participants, 38,675 cases were compared to 1,76,333 healthy controls. Based on the random effects model, periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of ED (OR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.70-3.85) as compared with the non-periodontitis individuals. The findings were statistically significant with a < .0001. The statistical heterogeneity was high across all studies ( = 98%, < .00001). Estimates of total effects were generally consistent with the sensitivity and subgroup analyses.Within the limits of the available evidence, our review and meta-analysis showed that a significant association exists between the PD and ED. The results should be interpreted with caution due to high degree of inconsistency across all the studies.
Topics: Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Odds Ratio; Periodontitis
PubMed: 34013796
DOI: 10.1177/15579883211007277 -
Diseases of the Esophagus : Official... Jun 2017Diabetes mellitus has the probability to impair the anastomotic healing and cause postesophagectomy anastomotic leakages but previous studies showed controversial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Diabetes mellitus has the probability to impair the anastomotic healing and cause postesophagectomy anastomotic leakages but previous studies showed controversial results. This review aims to summary the impact of diabetes mellitus on the risk of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy. We searched the PubMed and EMBASE databases to recognize English articles that met our eligibility criteria. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval serves as the appropriate summarized statistic. Sensitivity analysis, meta-regression analysis, and publication bias tests were also performed to perceive potential bias risks. Finally, 16 observational studies with 12359 surgical patients were included. An overall analysis identified that diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with the risk of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy (odds ratio = 1.63; 95% confidence interval = 1.25-2.12; P < 0.001). Further subgroup analysis showed a significant impact of diabetes mellitus in surgical populations from the Europe and America (odds ratio = 1.42; 95% confidence interval = 1.22-1.65; P < 0.001) but not in the Asian populations (odds ratio = 2.27; 95% confidence interval = 0.86-6.05; P = 0.1). The robustness of these estimates was confirmed by meta-regression analysis and sensitivity analysis. No significant publication bias exists between studies. In conclusion, this systematic review demonstrates that diabetes mellitus can be a significant risk factor of anastomotic leakage for patients undergoing esophagectomy. Our findings need to be further confirmed and modified by more well-designed worldwide multivariable analyses in the future.
Topics: Aged; Anastomotic Leak; Diabetes Complications; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagectomy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28475743
DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox006 -
International Journal of Geriatric... Mar 2018Several studies have shown that gout is associated with depression symptoms. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to explore the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Several studies have shown that gout is associated with depression symptoms. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to explore the relationship between gout and depression.
METHODS
Published articles were identified through a comprehensive review of PUBMED and EMBASE. Data from studies reporting relative risks, odds ratios, or hazard ratios comparing the risk of depression among participants who had gout versus those without gout were analyzed. A random-effect model was used to calculate pooled odds ratios and 95% confident intervals (CI).
RESULTS
Seven studies, which included 411 745 participants, aligned with our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed an association between gout and depression, with an odds ratio of 1.19 (95%CI, 1.11, 1.29; I = 60.2%). Subgroup-analysis adjusted (or not) by study type or study quality showed a statistically significant association of gout and depression in all subgroups. Sensitivity analysis by 1-study removed analysis, excluding articles of self-reported gout assessment or male-only, confirmed the robustness of our results.
CONCLUSION
Our meta-analysis demonstrates a positive association between gout and depression. Further large-scale prospective cohort studies are needed to investigate the causality between gout and depression.
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Gout; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Odds Ratio; Risk
PubMed: 28921661
DOI: 10.1002/gps.4789