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Journal of Periodontal Research May 2024This systematic review aims to investigate the microbial basis underlying the association between oral microbiota and colorectal cancer. A comprehensive search was... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aims to investigate the microbial basis underlying the association between oral microbiota and colorectal cancer. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases, encompassing potentially relevant studies published up to April 2024 related to the PECO question: "Is there a differentiation in oral microbial composition between adult patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer compared to healthy patients?". The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies included. The level of evidence was assessed through the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) tool. Sixteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Based on low to moderate evidence profile, high levels of certain subspecies within Firmicutes (such as Streptococcus anginosus, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, S. koreensis, and S. gallolyticus), Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Neisseria oralis were found to be associated with colorectal cancer. Conversely, certain bacteria (e.g., Lachnospiraceae, F. periodonticum, and P. melaninogenica) could exert a symbiotic protective effect against colorectal cancer. Based on existing evidence, it appears that variations in oral microbiota composition exist among individuals with and without colorectal cancer. However, further research is necessary to determine the mechanisms of oral dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis.
PubMed: 38775019
DOI: 10.1111/jre.13289 -
American Journal of Otolaryngology 2015Culture-directed antibiotic therapy represents an important component in the management paradigm of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The objective of this study was to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Culture-directed antibiotic therapy represents an important component in the management paradigm of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature to assess culture yield of the most common aerobic and anaerobic pathogens.
METHODS
A total of 43 studies between 1975 and 2010 were included.
RESULTS
The composite data comprised 3528 patients with 6005 total culture specimens. The cultures were obtained in operating room in 33 (76.7%) and clinic in 10 (23.3%) of the studies, respectively. The most common site of culture was the maxillary sinus in 18 (41.9%) of the studies. The most common assay techniques reported were swab in 19 (44.2%) and aspirate in 12 (27.9%) studies. The most common gram positive aerobes reported were coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus aureus in 630 (34.7%) and 481 (26.5%) of the cultures, respectively. The most common gram negative aerobes included Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 245 (27.0%) and 198 (21.6%) cultures, respectively. The most common anaerobes reported were Peptostreptococcus species in 156 (19.6%) and Bacteroides species in 153 (19.2%) cultures.
CONCLUSION
This study provides a composite snapshot of the literature accrued on the microbiology of CRS. It should serve to apprise clinicians on the most common aerobic and anaerobic organisms in CRS patients when employing culture-directed antimicrobial therapy.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Chronic Disease; Endoscopy; Humans; Pseudomonas Infections; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Rhinitis; Sinusitis; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 25964173
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2015.04.010 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2022Emerging evidence has demonstrated a close association between perturbations in vaginal microbiota composition in women and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection,...
BACKGROUND
Emerging evidence has demonstrated a close association between perturbations in vaginal microbiota composition in women and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, cervical lesions, and cervical cancer (Ca); however, these findings are highly heterogeneous and inconclusive.
AIM
To perform a comprehensive systematic review of the global disturbance in the vaginal microbiota, specifically in women with HPV-associated cervical diseases, and to further conduct within- and across-disease comparisons.
METHOD
Twenty-two records were identified in a systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase up to February 28, 2022. We extracted microbial changes at the community (alpha and beta diversity) and taxonomic (relative abundance) levels. Within- and across-disease findings on the relative abundance of taxonomic assignments were qualitatively synthesized.
RESULTS
Generally, significantly higher alpha diversity was observed for HPV infection, cervical lesions, and/or cancer patients than in controls, and significant differences within beta diversity were observed for the overall microbial composition across samples. In within-disease comparisons, the genera , , , , and showed the greatest abundances with HPV infection; and showed inconsistent abundance with HPV infection, and was observed in Ca. Across diseases, we find increased levels of and varying levels of were shared across HPV infections, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, and Ca, whereas varied depending on the HPV-related disease subtype.
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review reports that vaginal microbiome disturbances are correlated to the depletion of , enrichment of anaerobes, and increased abundance of aerobic bacteria in HPV infection and related cervical diseases. Moreover, may exert either protective or pathogenic effects on different HPV-related diseases.
PubMed: 35903684
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.941741 -
Clinical Laboratory May 2023No systematic review/meta-analysis has been conducted on the microbiological profile associated with the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with HIV. The aim of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
No systematic review/meta-analysis has been conducted on the microbiological profile associated with the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with HIV. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of identified bacteria in HIV-infected patients with periodontal disease.
METHODS
Three English electronic databases (MEDLINE (via PubMed), SCOPUS, and Web of Science) were searched systematically from the beginning to February 13, 2021. The frequency of each identified bacteria in HIV-infected patients with periodontal disease was extracted. All meta-analysis methods were performed using STATA software.
RESULTS
Twenty-two articles met inclusion criteria and were enrolled into the systematic review. This review analyzed a total of 965 HIV-infected patients with periodontitis. The prevalence of periodontitis was higher in HIV-infected male patients (83% (CI 95%: 76 - 88%)) compared to females (28% (CI 95%: 17 - 39%)). In our study, the pooled prevalence of necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis and necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis in patients with HIV infection was 67% (CI 95%: 52 - 82%) and 60% (CI 95%: 45 - 74%), while a lower prevalence of linear gingivitis erythema was reported (11% (CI 95%: 5 - 18%)). More than 140 bacterial species were identified from HIV-infected patients with periodontal disease. High prevalence of Tannerella forsythia (51% (CI 95%: 5 - 96%)), Fusobacterium nucleatum (50% (CI 95%: 21 - 78%)), Prevotella intermedia (50% (CI 95%: 32 - 68%)), Peptostreptococcus micros (44% (CI 95%: 25 - 65%)), Campylobacter rectus (35% (CI 95%: 25 - 45%)), and Fusobacterium spp. (35% (CI 95%: 3 - 78%)) in HIV-infected patients with periodontal disease was found.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrated that the prevalence of the red and orange complex of bacteria in HIV patients with periodontal disease is relatively high.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; HIV Infections; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Gingivitis
PubMed: 37145081
DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.220738 -
PloS One 2021To assess the prevalence of unculturable bacteria in periapical abscess, radicular cyst, and periapical granuloma. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of unculturable bacteria in periapical abscess, radicular cyst, and periapical granuloma.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Ovid databases were systematically searched from January 1990 to May 2020. All the included studies were cross-sectional design. The risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute check-list. Heterogeneity was described using meta-regression and mixed-effects model for lesion, country, and sequence technique moderators. Funnel plot and unweighted Egger's regression test were used to estimate the publication bias. Microbiome data on diversity, abundance, and frequency of unculturable bacteria in the periapical lesions were reviewed, analysed, and the principal component analysis (PCA) was performed.
RESULTS
A total of 13 studies out of 14,780, were selected for the final analysis. These studies focused on the prevalence of unculturable bacteria in periapical abscesses and related lesions. Approximately 13% (95% CI: 7-23%) of the cumulative number of bacteria derived from periapical abscesses was unculturable. Country moderator significantly (P = 0.05) affects the diversity summary proportion. While the pooled frequency of unculturable bacteria was 8%; 95% CI: 5, 14%, the estimate of the pooled abundance of unculturable bacteria was 5%; 95% CI: 2, 12% with a significant (P = 0.05) country moderator that affects the abundance summary proportion. Of the 62 unculturable bacteria, 35 were subjected to PCA and Peptostreptococcus sp. oral clone CK035 was the most abundant species in periapical abscesses. Hybridization techniques were found to be the most reliable molecular methods in detecting the abundance and frequency of unculturable bacteria.
CONCLUSION
The significant prevalence of unculturable bacteria in the periapical abscess, suggests that they are likely to play, a yet unknown, critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease. Further research remains to be done to confirm their specific contributions in the virulence and disease progression.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Humans; Periapical Abscess; Prevalence
PubMed: 34351963
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255485 -
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and... Apr 2021Alveolar osteitis (AO) or dry socket after dental extractions is a common postoperative complication characterized by the presence of severe pain associated with an...
Alveolar osteitis (AO) or dry socket after dental extractions is a common postoperative complication characterized by the presence of severe pain associated with an empty socket. Although some authors consider AO to be related to an alteration of the blood clot, the underlying etiology remains unclear, and recent reports suggest that bacteria might play an important role. A systematic review was made, compiling relevant references from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Scopus and the Web of Science databases to determine which bacteria have been identified in AO sockets after dental extractions. Papers published between 1980-2019, identifying the bacteria present in AO sockets after tooth extractions, were included. Data were displayed in tables, and a descriptive analysis was carried out. After the screening process, four papers were analyzed, comprising a total of 138 samples from 138 patients with AO. The most commonly detected bacteria were Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Parvimonas and Peptostreptococcus. Two studies also showed the microbiota of patients that developed AO after dental extractions to be apparently different from that of patients without postoperative complications. These results indicate that bacteria may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AO, though further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Topics: Dry Socket; Humans; Microbiota; Molar, Third; Postoperative Complications; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 32896676
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2020.08.007 -
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &... Oct 2020The microbiome has been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. Because of the diversity of published data, an overview of available epidemiologic evidence...
The microbiome has been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. Because of the diversity of published data, an overview of available epidemiologic evidence linking the microbiome with cancer is now needed. We conducted a systematic review using a tailored search strategy in Medline and EMBASE databases to identify and summarize the current epidemiologic literature on the relationship between the microbiome and different cancer outcomes published until December 2019. We identified 124 eligible articles. The large diversity of parameters used to describe microbial composition made it impossible to harmonize the different studies in a way that would allow meta-analysis, therefore only a qualitative description of results could be performed. Fifty studies reported differences in the gut microbiome between patients with colorectal cancer and various control groups. The most consistent findings were for , and being significantly enriched in fecal and mucosal samples from patients with colorectal cancer. For the oral microbiome, significantly increased and decreased abundance was reported for and , respectively, in patients with oral cancer compared with controls. Overall, although there was a large amount of evidence for some of these alterations, most require validation in high-quality, preferably prospective, epidemiologic studies.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Neoplasms; Risk
PubMed: 32727720
DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0288 -
Nutrients Apr 2021Growing attention has been given to the role of nutrition and alterations of microbial diversity of the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. It has...
BACKGROUND
Growing attention has been given to the role of nutrition and alterations of microbial diversity of the gut microbiota in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. It has been suggested that probiotics and synbiotics modulate enteric microbiota and therefore may be used as an intervention to reduce the risk of CRC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of probiotics/synbiotics administration on gut microbiota in patients with CRC.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched between December 2020 and January 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) recruiting adults with CRC, who have taken probiotics/synbiotics for at least 6 days were included. Changes in gut microbiota and selected biochemical and inflammatory parameters (i.e., hsCRP, IL-2, hemoglobin) were retrieved.
RESULTS
The search resulted in 198 original research articles and a final 6 were selected as being eligible, including 457 subjects. The median age of patients was 65.4 years old and they were characterized by the median BMI value: 23.8 kg/m. The literature search revealed that probiotic/synbiotic administration improved enteric microbiota by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as and , and decreased the abundance of potentially harmful bacteria such as and . Additionally, probiotic/synbiotic intervention improved release of antimicrobials, intestinal permeability, tight junction function in CRC patients.
CONCLUSIONS
The use of probiotics/synbiotics positively modulates enteric microbiota, improves postoperative outcomes, gut barrier function and reduces inflammatory parameters in patients suffering from CRC.
Topics: Bacteria; Colorectal Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Probiotics
PubMed: 33915854
DOI: 10.3390/nu13041160