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The Journal of Evidence-based Dental... Sep 2022Burnout syndrome has negative consequences on the dentist's health and performance during work. This systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of Burnout syndrome... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
Burnout syndrome has negative consequences on the dentist's health and performance during work. This systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of Burnout syndrome in dentists.
METHODS
Searches were carried out in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, EMBASE, LILACS databases, and searches in the gray literature on January 27, 2021. There were no restrictions on language and search period. For the diagnosis of Burnout, only studies that used the Maslach burnout inventory questionnaire and its subscales emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (PA) were included. Proportion meta-analyses were performed using the Stata 13.0 software.
RESULTS
A total of 37 articles were included in the narrative and 31 in quantitative syntheses. The overall prevalence of Burnout syndrome in dentists was 13% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.006-0.21; I²: 97.07%) and the total prevalence in the subscales EE, DP, and PA, were, respectively: 28% (95% CI: 0.24-0.32; I²: 20.70%), 18% (95% CI: 0.08-0.28; I²: 85.61%) and 10% (95% CI: 0.08-0.13; I²: 0%). About the levels of Burnout syndrome in the subscales, 25% (95% CI: 0.19-0.31; I² 92.58%) presented high EE, 18% (95% CI: 0.10-0.26; I² 96.62%) high DP and 32% (95% 0.20-0.45; I² 97.86%) low PA. About continuous data, the mean of EE, DP and PA was respectively 17.90 (95% CI: 9.36-26.43; I² 94.8), 6.93 (95% CI: 3.41-10.45; I² 80.2) and, 34.69 (95% CI: 23.82-45.55; I² 98.8). No study presented all the positive criteria of the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal checklist.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, there was a considerable prevalence of burnout syndrome in dentists, mainly in the subscale of emotional exhaustion.
Topics: Burnout, Professional; Burnout, Psychological; Dentists; Humans; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36162888
DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101724 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation May 2023It is important for dentists to know if the presence of snoring is associated with the presence of other dental sleep conditions (e.g. obstructive sleep apnea [OSA],... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
It is important for dentists to know if the presence of snoring is associated with the presence of other dental sleep conditions (e.g. obstructive sleep apnea [OSA], sleep bruxism [SB], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], xerostomia and oro-facial pain). If so, dentists could play a significant role in the early recognition and management of these conditions.
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aimed to: (i) investigate the associations between the presence of snoring and the presence of other dental sleep conditions; and (ii) determine if it is clinically relevant that dentists assess snoring in their population.
METHODS
The literature search was performed in PubMed and Embase.com in collaboration with a medical librarian. Studies were eligible if they employed regression models to assess whether snoring was associated with other dental sleep conditions, and/or investigated the incidence of snoring in patients with other dental sleep conditions and vice versa.
RESULTS
Of the 5299 retrieved references, 36 eligible studies were included. The available evidence indicates that the presence of snoring is associated with higher probabilities of OSA, GERD and headache. Due to limited evidence and conflicting findings, the currently available articles are not indicative of associations between the presence of snoring and the presence of SB and oral dryness.
CONCLUSION
Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that the presence of snoring is associated with higher probabilities of OSA, GERD and headache. Therefore, it is clinically relevant that dentists assess snoring in their patient population.
Topics: Humans; Snoring; Sleep; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Sleep Bruxism; Headache; Sleep Wake Disorders; Xerostomia
PubMed: 36691754
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13422 -
BMC Oral Health Sep 2023Tooth extraction is a common procedure performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or dentists, often resulting in dental fear and anxiety. The use of relaxing music,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Tooth extraction is a common procedure performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons or dentists, often resulting in dental fear and anxiety. The use of relaxing music, audiovisuals, and virtual reality (VR) technologies has been employed to reduce dental anxiety. This network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to assess the comparative effectiveness of relaxing music, audiovisuals, and VR in reducing dental anxiety associated with tooth extraction.
METHODS
Four electronic databases were searched up to March 8, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating different multimedia interventions, including the application of using relaxing music, audiovisuals, and VR technologies for dental anxiety. Studies utilizing various anxiety scales for tooth extraction were considered eligible. The pooled standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of anxiety scale scores were analyzed using Bayesian NMA.
RESULTS
A total of 11 RCTs were included in this NMA. The Bayesian NMA results demonstrated that relaxing music (SMD = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.04, -0.25) and VR (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.02) were associated with a reduction in dental anxiety, while audiovisuals (SMD = -0.34, 95% CI: -0.97, 0.33) required further consideration. Ranking probabilities indicated that relaxing music might be the most acceptable method for individuals with dental anxiety. The frequentist NMA yielded consistent rankings in a sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Relaxing music shows the greatest potential for reducing dental anxiety related to tooth extraction when compared to other multimedia interventions.
Topics: Humans; Dental Anxiety; Music; Music Therapy; Network Meta-Analysis; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 37735362
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03407-y -
The Journal of Laryngology and Otology Jan 2017Temporomandibular disorder poses a diagnostic challenge to otolaryngologists as orofacial pain, headache and otology symptoms are very common in temporomandibular... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Temporomandibular disorder poses a diagnostic challenge to otolaryngologists as orofacial pain, headache and otology symptoms are very common in temporomandibular disorder, and mimic a number of otolaryngological conditions. Missed diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder can lead to unnecessary investigation and treatment, resulting in further patient suffering.
OBJECTIVES
To review the current literature and propose management pathways for otolaryngologists to correctly differentiate temporomandibular disorder from other otolaryngological conditions, and to initiate effective treatment for temporomandibular disorder in collaboration with other health professionals.
METHOD
A systematic review using PubMed and Medline databases was conducted, and data on temporomandibular disorder in conjunction with otolaryngological symptoms were collected for analysis.
RESULTS
Of 4155 potential studies, 33 were retrieved for detailed evaluation and 12 met the study criteria. There are questionnaires, examination techniques and radiological investigations presented in the literature to assist with distinguishing between otolaryngological causes of symptoms and temporomandibular disorder. Simple treatment can be initiated by the otolaryngologist.
CONCLUSION
Initial temporomandibular disorder treatment steps can be undertaken by the otolaryngologist, with consideration of referral to dentists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, or physiotherapists if simple pharmacological treatment or temporomandibular disorder exercise fails.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Management; Earache; Facial Pain; Headache; Humans; Otolaryngology; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome
PubMed: 27786149
DOI: 10.1017/S0022215116009191 -
Caries Research 2022Identification of the association between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) will aid paediatricians and paediatric dentists to enhance... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Identification of the association between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) will aid paediatricians and paediatric dentists to enhance health promotion measures to reduce the related morbidity in children. This systematic review aims to determine an evidence-based association between ECC and IDA. A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Oral Health Group's Specialized Register, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science, and Scopus up to May 2020. Hand searching and grey literature screening were also conducted. Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in English language which assessed the association was included. Two reviewers independently assessed the study quality and extracted the outcome data. A total of 1,434 studies were identified. Fourteen studies qualified for qualitative review and 7 of them for a meta-analysis. In comparison with children not affected by ECC, those affected had an increased likelihood of IDA (OR = 6.07 [3.61, 10.21]). The meta-analysis showed no statistical difference when comparing blood parameters (Hb, MCV, and serum ferritin) in children with and without ECC. This systematic review demonstrates an association between ECC and increased odds of IDA rather than it being the cause for IDA. Further longitudinal studies with robust methodology are required to determine an evidence-based association.
Topics: Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Humans; Iron Deficiencies
PubMed: 34749377
DOI: 10.1159/000520442 -
International Dental Journal Oct 2021Because of the heterogeneous nature of the evidence regarding dentists' job satisfaction, an overview was necessary to examine dentists' level of job satisfaction and to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Because of the heterogeneous nature of the evidence regarding dentists' job satisfaction, an overview was necessary to examine dentists' level of job satisfaction and to determine related work environmental factors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search was conducted using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Electronic database searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science were performed until March 1, 2020. Two independent authors collected data and assessed the methodological quality of primary studies using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale.
RESULTS
Nine studies were included from the 1987 initially retrieved. Among the included studies, 5 exhibited a neutral level of satisfaction and originated from China, South Korea, Egypt, and the United States, and 3 studies from Canada, Lithuania, and the United States showed a high level of satisfaction. Only 1 study did not report the mean job satisfaction score. According to bias evaluation, 9 studies were considered low risk.
CONCLUSION
The findings showed that dentists were satisfied with their jobs at a moderate to high level, and specialists were more satisfied than general dentists. Regarding work environmental factors, the 6 most satisfied factors were patient relationships, respect, delivery of care, staff, professional relationship, and professional environment. Five of the least satisfied factors were personal time, stress, income, practice management, and professional time. However, longitudinal studies would be required to identify changes in these factors. Further studies should be performed in middle- and low-income countries using the Dentist Satisfaction Survey, including stress evaluation.
Topics: Dentists; Humans; Income; Job Satisfaction; Republic of Korea; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33612262
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.018 -
Journal of Dental Research May 2017Current evidence supports noninvasive/nonrestorative treatment of "early" carious lesions: those confined to enamel or reaching the enamel-dentin junction. The extent... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Current evidence supports noninvasive/nonrestorative treatment of "early" carious lesions: those confined to enamel or reaching the enamel-dentin junction. The extent that dentists' thresholds for intervening restoratively have changed with this evidence is unknown. This systematic review aimed to determine dentists' and therapists' current lesion threshold for carrying our restorative interventions in adults/children and primary/permanent teeth. Embase, Medline via PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for observational studies, without language, time, or quality restrictions. Screening and data extraction were independent and in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analyses with subgroup and meta-regression analysis were performed. Thirty studies, mainly involving dentists, met the inclusion criteria. There was heterogeneity in sampling frames, methods, and scales used to investigate thresholds. The studies spanned 30 y (1983-2014), and sample representativeness and response bias issues were likely to have affected the results. Studies measured what dentists said they would do rather than actually did. Studies represented 17 countries, focusing mainly on adults ( n = 17) and permanent teeth ( n = 24). For proximal carious lesions confined to enamel (not reaching the enamel-dentin junction), 21% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15%-28%) of dentists/therapists would intervene invasively. The likelihood of a restorative intervention almost doubled (risk ratio, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.68-2.33) in high caries risk patients. For proximal lesions extending up to the enamel-dentin junction, 48% (95% CI, 40%-56%) of dentists/therapists would intervene restoratively. For occlusal lesions with enamel discoloration/cavitation but no clinical/radiographic dentin involvement, 12% (95% CI, 6%-22%) of dentists/therapists stated they would intervene, increasing to 74% (95% CI, 56%-86%) with dentin involvement. There was variance between countries but no significant temporal trend. A significant proportion of dentists/therapists said they would intervene invasively (restoratively) on carious lesions where evidence and clinical recommendations indicate less invasive therapies should be used. There is great need to understand decisions to intervene restoratively and to find implementation interventions that translate research evidence into clinical practice.
Topics: Decision Making; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin; Humans; Practice Patterns, Dentists'
PubMed: 28195749
DOI: 10.1177/0022034517693605 -
Knowledge and Attitude of Dentists Toward Geriatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus Nov 2023The knowledge and attitude of dentists toward geriatric patients are crucial for providing optimal oral healthcare to this growing population. This systematic review and... (Review)
Review
The knowledge and attitude of dentists toward geriatric patients are crucial for providing optimal oral healthcare to this growing population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between dental professionals' experience and their knowledge and attitude scores toward geriatric patients. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases to identify relevant epidemiological and cross-sectional studies. The selected studies underwent a rigorous screening process, and data extraction was performed systematically. The Assessment of the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Three studies were ultimately selected for further analysis. For dental professionals with less than five years of experience, no significant association was found between knowledge scores and experience (odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.71 to 1.41). However, dental professionals with 5 to 10 years, greater than 10 years, and greater than 15 years of experience showed a statistically significant association between knowledge scores and experience (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.77; OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.89; OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.79, respectively). The overall analysis indicated a significantly positive association between knowledge scores and experience among dental professionals (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.59 to 0.78). The findings provide evidence of a positive association between dental professionals' experience and their knowledge and attitude scores toward geriatric patients. The findings highlight the importance of experience in enhancing dental professionals' understanding and approach to geriatric dental care. These results have implications for improving dental education, training, and policy development to better address the oral health needs of older adults.
PubMed: 38060704
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48339 -
The Cochrane Database of Systematic... Feb 2016Irreversible pulpitis, which is characterised by acute and intense pain, is one of the most frequent reasons that patients attend for emergency dental care. Apart from... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Irreversible pulpitis, which is characterised by acute and intense pain, is one of the most frequent reasons that patients attend for emergency dental care. Apart from removal of the tooth, the customary way of relieving the pain of irreversible pulpitis is by drilling into the tooth, removing the inflamed pulp (nerve) and cleaning the root canal. However, a significant number of dentists continue to prescribe antibiotics to stop the pain of irreversible pulpitis.This review updates the previous version published in 2013.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the effects of systemic antibiotics for irreversible pulpitis.
SEARCH METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 27 January 2016); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2015, Issue 12); MEDLINE via Ovid (1946 to 27 January 2016); EMBASE via Ovid (1980 to 27 January 2016), ClinicalTrials.gov (to 27 January 2016) and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (to 27 January 2016). There were no language restrictions in the searches of the electronic databases.
SELECTION CRITERIA
Randomised controlled trials which compared pain relief with systemic antibiotics and analgesics, against placebo and analgesics in the acute preoperative phase of irreversible pulpitis.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Two review authors screened studies and extracted data independently. We assessed the quality of the evidence of included studies using GRADEpro software. Pooling of data was not possible and a descriptive summary is presented.
MAIN RESULTS
One trial assessed at low risk of bias, involving 40 participants was included in this update of the review. The quality of the body of evidence was rated low for the different outcomes. There was a close parallel distribution of the pain ratings in both the intervention and placebo groups over the seven-day study period. There was insufficient evidence to claim or refute a benefit for penicillin for pain intensity. There was no significant difference in the mean total number of ibuprofen tablets over the study period: 9.2 (standard deviation (SD) 6.02) in the penicillin group versus 9.6 (SD 6.34) in the placebo group; mean difference -0.40 (95% confidence interval (CI) -4.23 to 3.43; P value = 0.84). This applied equally for the mean total number of Tylenol tablets: 6.9 (SD 6.87) used in the penicillin group versus 4.45 (SD 4.82) in the placebo group; mean difference 2.45 (95% CI -1.23 to 6.13; P value = 0.19). Our secondary outcome on reporting of adverse events was not addressed in this study.
AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review which was based on one low powered small sample trial assessed as at low risk of bias, illustrates that there is insufficient evidence to determine whether antibiotics reduce pain or not compared to not having antibiotics. The results of this review confirm the necessity for further larger sample and methodologically sound trials that can provide additional evidence as to whether antibiotics, prescribed in the preoperative phase, can affect treatment outcomes for irreversible pulpitis.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Ibuprofen; Male; Pain Measurement; Penicillins; Pulpitis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Toothache
PubMed: 26886473
DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004969.pub4 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2021Rett Syndrome is an x linked developmental disorder which becomes apparent in females after 6 to 18 months of age. It leads to severe impairments including loss of... (Review)
Review
Rett Syndrome is an x linked developmental disorder which becomes apparent in females after 6 to 18 months of age. It leads to severe impairments including loss of speech, loss of hand movements/manual dexterity, characteristic hand movements such as hang wringing and intellectual disability/learning problems. This systematic review was carried out to identify the dental manifestation of Rett syndrome and to shed light on treatment options available for oral health problems associated with Rett syndrome. A systematic literature search was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, Biomed, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholars, Cochrane and CINAHL using the following entries: Rett syndrome ( = 3790), Oral health and Rett syndrome ( = 17), dental health of Rett syndrome patients ( = 13), and the MeSH terms listed below: Rett syndrome and Oral Health ( = 17), Rett syndrome and dentistry ( = 29). The final review included 22 search articles. The most common oral findings was bruxism. Masseteric hypertrophy was also reported. Anterior open bite and non-physiological tooth wear was observed. Other oral manifestations of Rett syndrome included mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, digit/thumb sucking, high arch palate. Increased awareness and dental education amongst dentists and assistants regarding the dental manifestations of Rett syndrome and similar neurodevelopmental disorders is required to improve the level of care and empathy they can provide to these differently able patients. Research on dental aspects of Rett is scarce and this remains a neglected topic.
Topics: Bruxism; Female; Hand; Humans; Rett Syndrome; Speech
PubMed: 33525609
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031162