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Reproductive Health Nov 2016Initiatives to promote adolescent friendly health services (AFHS) have been taking place in India and many low- and middle-income countries for nearly two decades.... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Initiatives to promote adolescent friendly health services (AFHS) have been taking place in India and many low- and middle-income countries for nearly two decades. Evaluations of these initiatives have been placed in the public arena from time to time, but little is known about what they say about the overall situation on AFHS in India. This study aimed to describe how efforts to provide AFHS in India have been evaluated, how well they have been evaluated, and what their findings and implications are.
METHODS
We conducted a scoping review of evaluations of AFHS initiatives in India from 2000 to 2014. An electronic search was carried out in Medline and EMBASE. A manual search of grey literature was also performed, and experts were contacted in order to obtain additional manuscripts and reports.
RESULTS
Thirty evaluation reports were identified representing a broad geographic distribution. Evaluations have focused on government-sponsored AFHS programmes or independent non-governmental organization (NGO) initiatives to strengthen government services. The evaluations primarily measured programme outputs (e.g. quality and service utilization) and health behavioural outcomes (e.g. condom use). Study designs were commonly descriptive or quasi-experimental. Most evaluations found improvement in quality and utilization of services, and some demonstrated an increase in adolescent knowledge or health behaviours. Few measured positive project/programme results such as older age at first pregnancy. Strengths of evaluations were clear objectives, frequent use of multiple data sources, and assessment of programmatic outputs as well as health outcomes. Weaknesses were lack of consistency and quality.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings confirm that a number of evaluations of AFHS initiatives in India have been carried out. They point to service quality and in behavioural improvements in adolescents. However, their lack of consistency hinders comparison across sites, and their uneven quality means that their findings need to be interpreted with caution.
Topics: Adolescent; Health Services; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; India; National Health Programs; Organizations; Program Evaluation; Reproductive Health Services; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 27846848
DOI: 10.1186/s12978-016-0251-8 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Feb 2022A systematic review of the literature was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of endoscope-assisted maxillary sinus elevation. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science,... (Review)
Review
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of endoscope-assisted maxillary sinus elevation. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane database were searched for articles in English. Published studies involving patients who had undergone endoscope-assisted maxillary sinus floor augmentation were selected. The validity of the included articles was evaluated. After going through full texts, a total of 12 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included. It was concluded that endoscope-controlled maxillary sinus floor elevation was a viable and beneficial method, providing direct visualisation of the integrity of the mucosa and placing of bone graft material. The endoscope could be inserted into the maxillary sinus lumen, subantral space below the Schneiderian membrane, or through the alveolar crest. With the endoscope, perforations can be detected and managed precisely. However, high-quality clinical trials are still needed to validate the predictability and advantages of this surgical procedure.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Endoscopes; Humans; Maxillary Sinus; Nasal Mucosa; Sinus Floor Augmentation
PubMed: 34991905
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.04.007 -
Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health Sep 2022Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure patterns of children and adolescents are different from those of adults because children and adolescents spend a majority of their time...
Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure patterns of children and adolescents are different from those of adults because children and adolescents spend a majority of their time in the home and school. It was aimed to conduct a systematic review of the published literature regarding the association between depression and the place of SHS exposure among children and adolescents. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library databases were used for the literature review. The studies were screened and selected by two independent reviewers based on the inclusion criteria. All eight studies included in the systematic review measured SHS exposure in participants' own homes. Two studies measured SHS exposure at school and one study in cars. The majority of the studies showed a positive association between depression and SHS exposure in both private and public places among nonsmoking children and adolescents. Also, they concluded a dose-response relationship between SHS exposure and depression. Health practitioners would be encouraged to work with stakeholders to create smoke-free policies in both private and public places to avoid the adverse effects of SHS exposure.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Depression; Environmental Exposure; Humans; Tobacco Smoke Pollution
PubMed: 35596574
DOI: 10.1177/10105395221099418 -
Health Psychology and Behavioral... 2023The ageing in place (AIP) model enjoys widespread recognition in gerontology and has been strongly encouraged through social policy. However, progress remains to be made... (Review)
Review
The ageing in place (AIP) model enjoys widespread recognition in gerontology and has been strongly encouraged through social policy. However, progress remains to be made in terms of analysing AIP for minority groups and groups with diverse life pathways in old age. This systematic review aims to identify studies that address the AIP model in indigenous communities, answering the following questions: In which geographical contexts and for which Indigenous Peoples have AIP been researched? Which physical dimensions are considered in the assessment of AIP? Which social dimensions are considered in the assessment of AIP? This systematic review applied the SALSA (Search, Appraisal, Synthesis and Analysis) method to AIP among Indigenous older adults on the Web of Science, PsycINFO, MEDLINE and Scopus digital platforms for publications from 2011 to 2021. We identified 12 studies conducted in five countries in North and South America and Oceania. The results show that the following elements of the physical environment are assessed: household, neighbourhood, local surroundings or reserve and native territories. Meanwhile, assessed elements of the social environment are as follows: personal characteristics, attachment to place, social networks, social participation and social policies. There is discussion of the need to develop AIP in order to promote successful ageing among Indigenous older adults.
PubMed: 37693106
DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2023.2252883 -
JMIR Aging Sep 2022Older adults with chronic illnesses or dependency on care who strive to age in place need support and care depending on their illness. Digital technology has enabled the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Older adults with chronic illnesses or dependency on care who strive to age in place need support and care depending on their illness. Digital technology has enabled the possibility of supporting older adults in their wishes to age in place. However, current studies have mainly focused on the solitary evaluation of individual technologies or on evaluating technologies for specific illnesses.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to synthesize research on the experiences of older people from the Western culture with chronic illnesses or care needs and their families with digital technology for aging in place. From the meta-synthesis, a model was derived that can be useful for the development of assistive devices in old age and that can support health care providers and professionals in their work with affected individuals.
METHODS
A systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis was performed using an inductive approach, as proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso. We performed a systematic literature search in 6 databases from 2000 to 2019, with an update in 2021 and, in addition, conducted a hand search in 2 databases, relevant journals, and reference lists. The results of each study were analyzed using initial and axial coding, followed by theoretical coding. A conceptual model was derived.
RESULTS
A total of 7776 articles were identified. Articles were screened independently by 2 authors based on the eligibility criteria. Finally, of the 7776 studies, 18 (0.23%) were included in the meta-synthesis. The derived conceptual model describes older adults with chronic illnesses or dependency on care and their family members in an individual process of reflection and decision-making, starting with the use of a digital device. Older adults live in times of change. They experience stable and unstable times of illness as they are part of a changing digital world. Hence, older adults and their families consider digital technology a solution to their current situation. As they become familiar with a specific digital technology, they refine their needs and demands, gain confidence in its use, and note its advantages and disadvantages. They weigh hopes, needs, demands, and experiences in a process of reflection to decide on convenience and inconvenience. Independent of their decision, they achieve peace of mind either with or without digital technology. This process can restart repeatedly during the illness trajectory of older adults.
CONCLUSIONS
This study promotes a differentiated understanding of older adults' experiences with digital technology. The conceptual model can be useful for the development of assistive technology in old age. Moreover, it can guide health care professionals in their work with older adults and their families to provide individual counseling to find the appropriate digital technology for their respective situations.
PubMed: 36083625
DOI: 10.2196/34872 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Dec 2016Radiotherapy has been considered a contraindication for rehabilitation with dental implants because it can change the survival rate of implants. Nevertheless, the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Radiotherapy has been considered a contraindication for rehabilitation with dental implants because it can change the survival rate of implants. Nevertheless, the installation of implants in irradiated patients has been used with varying success.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the success rate of implants placed in irradiated human bone tissue with that of implants placed in nonirradiated areas.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Searches were performed in the EMBASE, Cochrane, and PubMed/Medline databases up to December 2013 to identify clinical trials addressing the subject. This systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The relative risks of implant failure and survival curves were calculated considering a confidence interval of 95%. Heterogeneity was analyzed by using a funnel chart.
RESULTS
A total of 40 studies involving 2220 participants and 9231 dental implants were selected. The survival curve of the studies indicated a survival rate of 84.3% for implants installed in irradiated bone tissue. The meta-analysis indicated statistically significant differences (P<.001) between item success rates of implants placed in irradiated areas and those of implants placed in nonirradiated areas.
CONCLUSIONS
Dental implants installed in the irradiated area of an oral cavity have a high survival rate, but strict monitoring is needed to prevent complications, thereby reducing possible failures.
Topics: Dental Implants; Dental Restoration Failure; Equipment Failure Analysis; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Jaw; Kaplan-Meier Estimate
PubMed: 27460315
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.04.025 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2018The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical outcomes of dental implants placed in previously early and late implant... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the clinical outcomes of dental implants placed in previously early and late implant failed sites. An electronic literature search was conducted in several databases for articles published up to February 2018. Human clinical trials that received at least one implant in a previously failed site were included. Hence, the PICO question that was aimed to be addressed was: Do patients undergoing implant replacement (second and third attempts) in previous failed sites have survival rates similar to implants placed at first attempts? A random effects model was used to calculate survival weighted means and corresponding 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) among studies. Eleven studies of low to moderate methodological quality were included in this review. Implants placed in sites with history of one and two implant failures had a weighted survival rate (SR) of 88.7% (95%CI 81.7-93.3) and 67.1% (95%CI 51.1-79.9), respectively. Implants placed in sites with a previous early failure revealed a weighted SR of 91.8% (95%CI 85.1-95.6). First implants presented higher SR than implants placed in sites with one or two previous implant failures. In contrast, implants placed in sites with one and two implant failures had similar SR. Within its limitations, this review suggests that replacement implants have moderate SR. Larger prospective studies with well-defined criteria for early and late implant failure are necessary to confirm and expand on these results.
Topics: Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Dental Implants; Dental Restoration Failure; Humans; Retreatment; Risk Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29723338
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0027 -
BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care Dec 2016Home is often reported as the preferred place of care for patients at the end-of-life. The support of family caregivers is crucial if this is to be realised. However,... (Review)
Review
The preferences and perspectives of family caregivers towards place of care for their relatives at the end-of-life. A systematic review and thematic synthesis of the qualitative evidence.
BACKGROUND
Home is often reported as the preferred place of care for patients at the end-of-life. The support of family caregivers is crucial if this is to be realised. However, little is known about their preferences; a greater understanding would identify how best to support families at the end-of-life, ensuring more patients are cared for in their preferred location.
OBJECTIVES
To systematically search and synthesise the qualitative literature exploring the preferences and perspectives of family caregivers towards place of care for their relatives at the end-of-life.
METHODS
Ten databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, AMED, ASSIA, CINAHL, Social Care Online, Cochrane Database, Scopus, Web of Science) and reference lists of key journals were searched up to January 2014. Included studies were appraised for quality and data thematically synthesised.
RESULTS
Eighteen studies were included; all were of moderate or high quality. Two main themes were identified: (1) Preferences and perspectives: most family caregivers preferred home care, although a range of perspectives were reported. Both positive and negative perspectives of home, hospices and hospitals emerged. At times, family caregivers reported feeling obligated to provide home care. (2) Impact of facilitating home care; both positive and negative effects on family caregivers were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Many family caregivers reported home as the preferred place of care; other places of care were infrequently considered. Healthcare professionals and service providers should be aware of these preferences and provide support where needed to enable family caregivers to successfully care at home, thus improving end-of-life experiences for families as a whole.
Topics: Caregivers; Decision Making; Home Care Services; Hospices; Humans; Palliative Care; Patient Preference; Qualitative Research; Terminal Care
PubMed: 25991565
DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000794 -
Cardiology in Review 2014Pregnancy places a significant burden on the cardiovascular system and may lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and, rarely, maternal mortality in women with pre-existent... (Review)
Review
Pregnancy places a significant burden on the cardiovascular system and may lead to heart failure, arrhythmias, and, rarely, maternal mortality in women with pre-existent heart disease. The objective of this review was to provide an overview of maternal and fetal outcomes and complications of pregnancy in women with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). A systematic review of the literature in the MEDLINE database was performed to identify cohort design studies reporting outcome and complications of pregnancy in HCM. The literature search returned 11 studies on 9 patient cohorts reporting the outcome and complications of pregnancy in HCM. In case of >1 publication on a particular cohort, the most recent publication was included in the analysis. A pooled analysis of the outcome data was performed, and weighted event rates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The analysis of data from 9 cohorts, including 237 women and 408 pregnancies, demonstrated that most pregnancies in women with HCM are uneventful. Still, pregnancy in women with HCM carries maternal and fetal risks. The maternal mortality rate was 0.5%, and any complication or worsening of symptoms occurred in 29% of the patients. Fetal mortality was caused by spontaneous abortion (15%), therapeutic abortion (5%), and stillbirth (2%). Premature birth was observed in 26%. In conclusion, maternal mortality related to pregnancy in women with HCM is low and appears to be confined to women with a high-risk profile before pregnancy. Fetal mortality is comparable to that in the general population; however, the risk of premature birth is increased.
Topics: Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Pregnancy Outcome
PubMed: 25093741
DOI: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000010 -
Dentistry Journal Sep 2023To compare the impact of immediate and delayed implant placement upon the survival of implants and to investigate the differences in implant survival between immediate... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To compare the impact of immediate and delayed implant placement upon the survival of implants and to investigate the differences in implant survival between immediate and delayed placement in adults.
METHODS
A search for the relevant literature was performed using the databases of CENTRAL, MEDLINE and Scopus. The studies found were limited to publications between 2014 and 2022, written in the English language, peer-reviewed, and were randomised trials or comparative studies. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 and Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies-of Interventions appraisal tools and implant survival, and the primary outcome was meta-analysed using RevMan v.5.3.
RESULTS
A total of 10 studies were eligible for inclusion, including six randomised controlled trials and four non-randomised comparative studies. Five of the six randomised trials observed a low risk of bias, while the comparative studies had a moderate-to-serious risk of bias. The search strategy resulted in 341 implants placed immediately into fresh extraction sites (332 survived, 97.4%) and 359 implants inserted into delayed sites (350 survived, 97.5%).
CONCLUSION
The meta-analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in the implant survival rates between immediately placed implants and implants placed using a delayed timing protocol (risk ratio 0.99; 95% CI 0.96, 1.02, Z = 0.75, = 0.45). However, the detailed analysis showed that slightly more implant failures happened in the immediate dental implant placement group, with survival rates in some studies ranging between 90 and 95%, while the delayed placement group had survival rates of more than 95%.
PubMed: 37754338
DOI: 10.3390/dj11090218