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Tropical Animal Health and Production Jul 2019Q fever is a major zoonotic disease in the world. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in animal milk in Iran. We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Q fever is a major zoonotic disease in the world. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii in animal milk in Iran. We systematically reviewed the literature to identify eligible studies from January 2008 to June 2016 in English or Farsi (Persian) databases. We extracted the molecular prevalence of C. burnetii in milk from cows, goats, sheep, and camels in Iran. The total prevalence of C. burnetii in cow milk was 15.09% (95% CI 11.08-19.10) by PCR methods. The highest and lowest prevalence of Q fever agent were seen in the East Azerbaijan (25.55%) and Khorasan-Razavi (4.22%) provinces, respectively. The molecular prevalence of C. burnetii in goat milk was 7.80% (95% CI 3.54-12.07%). The provinces of Qom (0%) and Lorestan (44.71%) had the lowest and the highest frequency of C. burnetii infection in goat's milk, respectively. Total prevalence of C. burnetii in sheep milk was 3.79% (95% CI 0.72-6.87%). The highest frequency of C. burnetii in sheep milk was detected in the Khorasan-Razavi province (34.78%). The frequency of C. burnetii in camel milk was 1.43%. High infection of C. burnetii in milk is an important health problem in Iran, amplified by the traditional preparations of dairy products.
Topics: Animals; Coxiella burnetii; Iran; Milk; Q Fever; Zoonoses
PubMed: 30746592
DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01807-3 -
Journal of Addictive Diseases 2023Disparities in the healthcare system are a topic of continuous discussion in public health. Despite decades of conversations with regards to health inequities,...
Disparities in the healthcare system are a topic of continuous discussion in public health. Despite decades of conversations with regards to health inequities, disparities still plague substance use disorder treatment. Opioid use disorder treatment is no exception as disparities has been attributed to the ingrained and deeply flawed mindset of discrimination. Hence, this review highlights the role of policy with regards to discrimination.
Topics: Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Health Policy
PubMed: 35757973
DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2022.2091397