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Journal of Endocrinological... Nov 2017Prostatitis is a very common urogenital disease of the male with prevalence ranging from 2.2 to 9.7% worldwide. Interestingly, some recent evidences have showed a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Prostatitis is a very common urogenital disease of the male with prevalence ranging from 2.2 to 9.7% worldwide. Interestingly, some recent evidences have showed a significant association between chronic prostatitis (CP) and male infertility including a detrimental effect on sperm parameters, reduction of zinc concentration on semen sperm and production of anti-semen antibodies (ASAs). The aim of the current meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between CP and alteration of semen parameters.
METHODS
This analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines and we included in the final analysis 27 studies, with a total of 3241 participants, including 381 (11.75%) with chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP), 1670 (51.53%) with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and 1190 (36.72%) controls.
RESULTS
CBP was associated with reduction of sperm concentration, sperm vitality, sperm total and progressive motility, while CP/CPPS was related to the reduction of semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm progressive motility and sperm normal morphology. We found that CP was significantly associated with reduced zinc concentration on seminal plasma (SMD: -20.73; p = 0.005). Finally, CP statistically increased the risk of developing ASA on seminal plasma (OR 3.26; p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, chronic prostatitis showed a detrimental effect on sperm and both CPB or CP/CPPS may differently show negative impact on sperm.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Pelvic Pain; Prostatitis; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility
PubMed: 28488229
DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0684-0 -
Translational Andrology and Urology Apr 2022To assess the efficacy and safety of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for patients with prostate...
A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety comparing holmium laser enucleation of the prostate with transurethral resection of the prostate for patients with prostate volume less than 100 mL or 100 g.
BACKGROUND
To assess the efficacy and safety of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for patients with prostate volume less than 100 mL or 100 g.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science from inception to July 2021 to collect randomized controlled trials. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies by using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Review Manager 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. We synthesised effect estimates using risk ratios (RR), mean difference (MD), and standardized mean differences (SMD).
RESULTS
A total of eight studies were included, involving 764 patients, 384 patients in the HoLEP group and 380 patients in the TURP group. The meta-analysis showed that the catheterization time (SMD =-1.44; 95% CI: -2.17 to -0.70; P=0.0001), hospital stay (SMD =-1.01; 95% CI: -1.58 to -0.44; P=0.0005), haemoglobin loss (MD =-0.29; 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.07; P=0.01), and transfusion rate (RR =0.16; 95% CI: 0.05-0.49; P=0.001) in the HoLEP group were lower than those in the TURP group. In addition, the 12-month postvoid residual volume (PVR) of the HoLEP group (MD =-9.93 95% CI: -18.59 to -1.27; P=0.02) were superior to the TURP group. Although the operation time of the HoLEP group was longer (MD =17.89; 95% CI: 9.18-26.60; P<0.0001), more tissues were removed (SMD =0.47; 95% CI: 0.10-0.85; P=0.01).
DISCUSSION
Compared with TURP, HoLEP has a shorter catheterization time and hospital stay, with more tissue removed, a lower blood transfusion rate and better results in the short-term follow-up after surgery. Therefore, HoLEP has better efficacy and safety in the treatment of small- and medium-sized benign prostatic obstruction. Our results found that HoLEP is also suitable for patients with prostate volume <100 mL/100 g, suggesting that it is necessary to redefine the prostate size that is best for HoLEP. Overall, the certainty of evidence was assessed to be moderate to low due to potential risk of bias and inconsistent outcome indicators in some studies. More data on the efficacy of HoLEP and TURP on small- and medium-sized prostates are needed to determine the optimal prostate volume of HoLEP.
PubMed: 35558272
DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-1005 -
BMC Urology Apr 2023Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic condition among men aged 50 or older, causing voiding and obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms. Water vapor... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common chronic condition among men aged 50 or older, causing voiding and obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms. Water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT) using the Rezūm® system is a new minimally invasive surgical technique that is increasingly reported as a treatment for BPH.
METHODS
The protocol was submitted to the PROSPERO registry. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov up to July 29, 2022. Quality assessment was carried out by a 20-item checklist form prepared by the Institute of Health Economics (IHE). Double arcsine transformation was performed to stabilize the variance of the original ratio. When I > 50%, the random effect model was used to calculate the pooled parameters. Otherwise, the fixed effect model was used. 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of each study on the pooled outcomes, and finally, Egger's test was used to assess publication bias.
RESULTS
A total of seven single-arm observational studies and one random controlled trial, including 1015 patients, were included. One year after WVTT, the International Prostate Symptom Score decreased by 11.37 (95% CI: -12.53, -10.21), the IPSS Quality of Life scale decreased by 2.59 (95% CI: -2.92, -2.26), the maximum urine flow rate increased by 5.26 ml/s (95% CI: 4.53, 5.99), and the postvoid residual decreased by 13.18 ml (95% CI: -24.32, -2.03). The most common complication was dysuria, with a pooled incidence of 21% (95% CI: 14%, 29%), and the second most common complication was hematuria, with a pooled incidence of 14% (95% CI: 10%, 18%). The pooled incidence of retreatment was 3% (95% CI: 2%, 5%).
CONCLUSIONS
WVTT is an attractive alternative to medication or more invasive surgical procedures and can serve as first-line therapy for men with BPH.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Steam; Prostate; Quality of Life; Hyperplasia; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37118692
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01237-2 -
African Journal of Reproductive Health Dec 2020Male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) may result in eggs lodged in the prostate causing persistent inflammation that may play a major role in prostate carcinogenesis.... (Review)
Review
Male genital schistosomiasis (MGS) may result in eggs lodged in the prostate causing persistent inflammation that may play a major role in prostate carcinogenesis. Globally, prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers and the global distribution of PCa overlaps with that of schistosomiasis infections, suggesting a probable causal relationship. Objectives of this review were to assess evidence of co-existence of schistosomiasis and PCa and possible causal association between the two diseases. Relevant literature published between 1950 and 2019 yielded 20 publications on schistosomiasis and PCa co-existence. Schistosoma (S.) haematobium and S. mansoni were associated with MGS manifestation and mostly prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosis. Effects of prostatic MGS infection progressed over time with high Schistosoma egg burden thought to contribute to the development of PCa. Causal association and mechanistic pathways of MGS on PCa development and the role of Schistosoma eggs on the development of PCa remains unestablished.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Animals; Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosomiasis
PubMed: 34077083
DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2020/v24i4.19 -
Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England) Dec 2021The second cause of death in the world has been reported to be cancer, and it has been on the rise in recent years. As a result of the difficulties of cancer detection... (Review)
Review
The second cause of death in the world has been reported to be cancer, and it has been on the rise in recent years. As a result of the difficulties of cancer detection and its treatment, the survival rate of patients is unclear. The early detection of cancer is an important issue for its therapy. Cancer detection based on biomarkers may effectively enhance the early detection and subsequent treatment. Nanomaterial-based nanobiosensors for cancer biomarkers are excellent tools for the molecular detection and diagnosis of disease. This review reports the latest advancement and attainment in applying nanoparticles to the detection of cancer biomarkers. In this paper, the recent advances in the application of common nanomaterials like graphene, carbon nanotubes, Au, Ag, Pt, and FeOtogether with newly emerged nanoparticles such as quantum dots, upconversion nanoparticles, inorganics (ZnO, MoS), and metal-organic frameworks for the diagnosis of biomarkers related to lung, prostate, breast, and colon cancer are highlighted. Finally, the challenges, outlook, and closing remarks are given.
Topics: Biosensing Techniques; Bronchi; Colon; Humans; Lung; Male; Nanotechnology; Nanotubes, Carbon; Neoplasms; Prostate
PubMed: 34891145
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ac41fd -
Cancer Prevention Research... Oct 2019Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide, and sedentary behavior is widespread, yet reviews and meta-analyses summarizing the role of sedentary... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide, and sedentary behavior is widespread, yet reviews and meta-analyses summarizing the role of sedentary behavior as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer are scarce. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases for relevant articles up to January 2019. We pooled maximally adjusted risk estimates in a random effects model and performed meta-regression meta-analysis, assessed heterogeneity and publication bias using , funnel plots, and Egger and Begg tests, and conducted sensitivity analyses and influence diagnostics. Data from 12 prospective cohort studies including a total of 30,810 prostate cancer cases were analyzed. We found no statistically significant association between high versus low sedentary behavior and prostate cancer incidence [RR = 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99-1.16; 0.10]. We noted that adjustment for body mass index (BMI) modified the relation of sedentary behavior to prostate cancer, particularly aggressive cancer. Sedentary behavior was related to a statistically significant increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer in analyses not adjusted for BMI (RR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.03-1.43), whereas no association was apparent in BMI-adjusted analyses (RR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.90-1.07), and the difference between those summary risk estimates was statistically significant ( = 0.02). Sedentary behavior is not independently associated with prostate cancer. However, prolonged sedentary behavior may be related to increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer through a mechanism involving obesity. This finding represents a potentially important step toward considering sedentary behavior as a modifiable behavioral risk factor for aggressive prostate cancer.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Aged; Body Mass Index; Cohort Studies; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Obesity; Prospective Studies; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 31362941
DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0271 -
BMC Urology Jan 2024To summarize current evidence to report a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) with transurethral resection of the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Comparing prostatic artery embolization to surgical and minimally invasive procedures for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
To summarize current evidence to report a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis of prostatic artery embolization (PAE) with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and open simple prostatectomy (OSP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
METHODS
A systematic literature search was performed to identify studies published from inception until August 2021. The search terms used were (prostate embolization OR prostatic embolization) AND (prostatic hyperplasia OR prostatic obstruction) as well as the abbreviations of PAE and BPH. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for observational studies. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.4.
RESULTS
Seven studies were included with 810 patients: five RCTs and one observational study compared PAE with TURP, and one observational study compared PAE with OSP. The included studies had considerable risk of bias concerns. TURP and OSP were associated with more statistically significant improvements in urodynamic measures and BPH symptoms compared to PAE. However, PAE seems to significantly improve erectile dysfunction compared to OSP and improve other outcome measures compared to TURP, although not significantly. PAE appeared to reduce adverse events and report more minor complications compared with TURP and OSP, but it is unclear whether PAE is more effective in the long-term.
CONCLUSION
PAE is an emerging treatment option for patients with symptomatic BPH who cannot undergo surgery or have undergone failed medical therapy. Overall, PAE groups reported fewer adverse events. Future ongoing and longer-term studies are needed to provide better insight into the benefit of PAE compared to other treatment options.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate; Prostatic Hyperplasia; Treatment Outcome; Transurethral Resection of Prostate; Embolization, Therapeutic; Arteries; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38281906
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01397-1 -
European Urology Focus May 2022Low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) has emerged as an effective treatment for pain in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), and it... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
CONTEXT
Low-intensity shockwave therapy (LiST) has emerged as an effective treatment for pain in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), and it has been postulated that LiST may also be effective in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental and clinical studies exploring the effect of LiST on LUTS in an attempt to provide clinical implications for future research.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases from inception to March 2021 for relevant studies. We provided a qualitative synthesis regarding the role of LiST in LUTS and performed a single-arm, random-effect meta-analysis to assess the absolute effect of LiST on LUTS only in patients with CP/CPPS (PROSPERO: CRD42021238281).
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
We included 23 studies (11 experimental studies, seven nonrandomized controlled trials [non-RCTs], and five RCTs) in the systematic review and seven in the meta-analysis. All experimental studies were performed on rats with LUTS, and the clinical studies recruited a total of 539 participants. In patients with CP/CPPS, the absolute effect of LiST on maximum flow rate and postvoid residual was clinically insignificant. However, the available studies suggest that LiST is effective for the management of pain in patients with either CP/CPPS or interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Additionally, LiST after intravesical instillation of botulinum neurotoxin type A may enhance its absorption and substitute botulinum neurotoxin type A injections in patients with overactive bladder. Furthermore, the available evidence is inconclusive about the role of LiST in patients with benign prostatic obstruction, stress urinary incontinence, or underactive bladder/detrusor hypoactivity.
CONCLUSIONS
LiST may be effective for some disorders causing LUTS. Still, further studies on the matter are necessary, since the available evidence is scarce.
PATIENT SUMMARY
Low-intensity shockwave therapy represents a safe, easily applied, indolent, and repeatable on an outpatient basis treatment modality that may improve lower urinary tract symptoms.
Topics: Animals; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Chronic Pain; High-Energy Shock Waves; Humans; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms; Male; Pelvic Pain; Prostatitis; Rats
PubMed: 33985934
DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2021.04.021 -
Current Medical Research and Opinion 2015Prostatitis is a common disease in urology departments. Prostatic zinc accumulation is connected with the secretory function of the prostate, and zinc concentrations... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Prostatitis is a common disease in urology departments. Prostatic zinc accumulation is connected with the secretory function of the prostate, and zinc concentrations present in prostatic diseases differ greatly from the normal level. Studies have investigated the effect of chronic prostatitis on zinc concentration of prostatic fluid and seminal plasma, but have shown inconsistent results. Hence, we performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of chronic prostatitis on the zinc concentration of prostatic fluid and seminal plasma.
METHODS
Systematic literature searches were conducted with PubMed, Embase, Science Direct/Elsevier, CNKI and the Cochrane Library up to March 2015 for case-control studies that involved the relationship between chronic prostatitis and zinc concentration of prostatic fluid and seminal plasma. Meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager and Stata software. Standard mean differences (SMDs) of zinc concentration were identified with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) in a random- or fixed-effects model.
RESULTS
Our results illustrated that the zinc concentrations in prostatic fluid and seminal plasma from chronic prostatitis patients were significantly lower than normal controls (SMD [95% CI] -246.71 [-347.97, -145.44], -20.74 [-35.11, -6.37], respectively).
LIMITATIONS
The sample size of each study was relatively small, and a total of 731 chronic prostatitis patients and 574 normal controls were investigated in all fourteen studies. Several studies related to the subject were excluded due to lack of control data or means and standard deviations.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study illustrates that there was a significant negative effect of chronic prostatitis on zinc concentrations of prostatic fluid and seminal plasma. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better illuminate the negative impact of chronic prostatitis on zinc concentrations.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Humans; Male; Prostate; Prostatitis; Semen; Zinc
PubMed: 26173049
DOI: 10.1185/03007995.2015.1072707 -
Molecular Imaging 2022Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with prostate-specific membrane antigen- (PSMA-) binding tracers has been found incidentally to demonstrate uptake in CNS... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with prostate-specific membrane antigen- (PSMA-) binding tracers has been found incidentally to demonstrate uptake in CNS tumors. Following the encouraging findings of several such case reports, there is a growing interest in the potential application of PSMA-targeted PET imaging for diagnostics, theranostics, and monitoring of CNS tumors. This is a systematic literature review on PSMA-binding tracers in CNS tumors.
METHODS
A PubMed search was conducted, including preclinical and clinical reports. One hundred and twelve records were identified, and after screening, 56 were included in the final report.
RESULTS
Tissue studies demonstrated PSMA expression in tumor vascular endothelial cells, without expression in normal brain tissue, though the extent and intensity of staining varied by anti-PSMA antibody and methodology. Most included studies reported on gliomas, which showed strong PSMA ligand uptake and more favorable tumor to background ratios than other PET tracers. There are also case reports demonstrating PSMA ligand uptake in prostate cancer brain metastases, nonprostate cancer brain metastases, and meningiomas. We also review the properties of the various PSMA-binding radiotracers available. Therapeutic and theranostic applications of PSMA-binding tracers have been studied, including labeled alpha- and beta-ray emitting isotopes, as well as PSMA targeting in directing MRI-guided focused ultrasound.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a potential application for PSMA-targeted PET in neuro-oncology as a combination of diagnostic and therapeutic use, as a theranostic modality for managing CNS tumors. Further research is needed regarding the mechanism(s) of PSMA expression in CNS tumors and its differential performance by tumor type.
Topics: Brain Neoplasms; Endothelial Cells; Humans; Ligands; Male; Neuroimaging; Positron-Emission Tomography; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 35517711
DOI: 10.1155/2022/5358545