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Omics : a Journal of Integrative Biology Dec 2019Glycomics is a new subspecialty in omics systems sciences that offers significant promise for next-generation biomarkers on disease susceptibility, drug target...
Glycomics is a new subspecialty in omics systems sciences that offers significant promise for next-generation biomarkers on disease susceptibility, drug target discovery, and precision medicine. In this context, alternative immunoglobulin G (IgG) -glycosylation has been reportedly implicated in several common chronic diseases, although systematic assessment is currently lacking in the literature. We conducted a systematic review of observational studies on IgG -glycan variability and susceptibility to common chronic diseases. Observational studies reporting an association between diseases (such as colorectal cancer, dyslipidemia, ischemic stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus) and IgG -glycans quantified by ultraperformance liquid chromatography were included. The glycans were categorized into 24 initial IgG glycan peaks (GPs). Notably, aging positively correlated with GP1, GP2, GP4-7, GP10, GP11, GP19, and GP24, while negatively correlated with GP8, GP12-15, GP17, GP18, GP20, GP21, and GP23 ( < 0.05). The absolute value of significant correlation coefficients of age and IgG glycans ranged from 0.043 to 0.645. We found that the high levels of GP1-4, GP6, GP7, and GP24 and low levels of GP9, GP13-15, GP18, and GP23 could potentially increase the risk of disease. In conclusion, the present systematic review suggests that the field of glycomics, and GP1-4, GP6, GP7, GP9, GP13-15, GP18, GP23, and GP24 in particular, holds promise for further candidate biomarker research on susceptibility to common chronic diseases.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Chronic Disease; Glycomics; Glycosylation; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Observational Studies as Topic; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 31414971
DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0032 -
International Archives of... Oct 2016High mobility group box 1 is a versatile protein involved in gene transcription, extracellular signaling, and response to inflammation. Extracellularly, high mobility... (Review)
Review
High mobility group box 1 is a versatile protein involved in gene transcription, extracellular signaling, and response to inflammation. Extracellularly, high mobility group box 1 binds to several receptors, notably the receptor for advanced glycation end-products. Expression of high mobility group box 1 and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products has been described in many cancers. To systematically review the available literature using PubMed and Web of Science to evaluate the clinical value of high mobility group box 1 and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. A total of eleven studies were included in this review. High mobility group box 1 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis and many clinical and pathological characteristics of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas patients. Additionally, the receptor for advanced glycation end-products demonstrates potential value as a clinical indicator of tumor angiogenesis and advanced staging. In diagnosis, high mobility group box 1 demonstrates low sensitivity. High mobility group box 1 and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products are associated with clinical and pathological characteristics of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Further investigation of the prognostic and diagnostic value of these molecules is warranted.
PubMed: 27746844
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1583168 -
Epidemiology and Infection Jul 2018Almost the full range of 16 haemagglutinin (HA) and nine neuraminidase subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has been detected either in waterfowl, land-based...
Almost the full range of 16 haemagglutinin (HA) and nine neuraminidase subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has been detected either in waterfowl, land-based poultry or in the environment in Bangladesh. AIV infections in Bangladesh affected a wide range of host species of terrestrial poultry. The highly pathogenic avian influenza (AI) H5N1 and low pathogenic AI H9N2 were found to co-circulate and be well entrenched in the poultry population, which has caused serious damage to the poultry industry since 2007. By reviewing the available scientific literature, the overall situation of AIVs in Bangladesh is discussed. All Bangladeshi (BD) H5N1 and H9N2 AIV sequences available at GenBank were downloaded along with other representative sequences to analyse the genetic diversity among the circulating AIVs in Bangladesh and to compare with the global situation. Three different H5N1 clades, 2.2.2, 2.3.2.1 and 2.3.4.2, have been detected in Bangladesh. Only 2.3.2.1a is still present. The BD LP H9N2 viruses mostly belonged to the H9 G1 lineage but segregated into many branches, and some of these shared internal genes with HP viruses of subtypes H7N3 and H5N1. However, these reassortment events might have taken place before introduction to Bangladesh. Currently, H9N2 viruses continue to evolve their HA cleavage, receptor binding and glycosylation sites. Multiple mutations in the HA gene associated with adaptation to mammalian hosts were also observed. Strict biosecurity at farms and gradual phasing out of live-bird markets could be the key measures to better control AIVs, whereas stamping out is not a practicable option in Bangladesh. Vaccination also could be an additional tool, which however, requires careful planning. Continuous monitoring of AIVs through systematic surveillance and genetic characterisation of the viruses remains a hallmark of AI control.
Topics: Animals; Bangladesh; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype; Influenza in Birds; Mutation; Poultry; Poultry Diseases; Risk Factors
PubMed: 29781424
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268818001292 -
PloS One 2023The high prevalence of oral potentially-malignant disorders exhibits diverse severity and risk of malignant transformation, which mandates a Point-of-Care diagnostic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The high prevalence of oral potentially-malignant disorders exhibits diverse severity and risk of malignant transformation, which mandates a Point-of-Care diagnostic tool. Low patient compliance for biopsies underscores the need for minimally-invasive diagnosis. Oral cytology, an apt method, is not clinically applicable due to a lack of definitive diagnostic criteria and subjective interpretation. The primary objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the efficacy of biomarkers for cytology-based delineation of high-risk oral lesions. A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers recognized a panel of markers (n: 10) delineating dysplastic oral lesions. In this observational cross sectional study, immunohistochemical validation (n: 131) identified a four-marker panel, CD44, Cyclin D1, SNA-1, and MAA, with the best sensitivity (>75%; AUC>0.75) in delineating benign, hyperplasia, and mild-dysplasia (Low Risk Lesions; LRL) from moderate-severe dysplasia (High Grade Dysplasia: HGD) along with cancer. Independent validation by cytology (n: 133) showed that expression of SNA-1 and CD44 significantly delineate HGD and cancer with high sensitivity (>83%). Multiplex validation in another cohort (n: 138), integrated with a machine learning model incorporating clinical parameters, further improved the sensitivity and specificity (>88%). Additionally, image automation with SNA-1 profiled data set also provided a high sensitivity (sensitivity: 86%). In the present study, cytology with a two-marker panel, detecting aberrant glycosylation and a glycoprotein, provided efficient risk stratification of oral lesions. Our study indicated that use of a two-biomarker panel (CD44/SNA-1) integrated with clinical parameters or SNA-1 with automated image analysis (Sensitivity >85%) or multiplexed two-marker panel analysis (Sensitivity: >90%) provided efficient risk stratification of oral lesions, indicating the significance of biomarker-integrated cytopathology in the development of a Point-of-care assay.
Topics: Humans; Hyperplasia; Automation; Biological Assay; Biopsy; Glycosylation; Hyaluronan Receptors; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37747904
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291972 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2021Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known as a highly aggressive malignant disease. Prognosis for patients is notoriously poor, despite improvements in surgical...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known as a highly aggressive malignant disease. Prognosis for patients is notoriously poor, despite improvements in surgical techniques and new (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Early detection of PDAC may increase the overall survival. It is furthermore foreseen that precision medicine will provide improved prognostic stratification and prediction of therapeutic response. In this review, omics-based discovery efforts are presented that aim for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of PDAC. For this purpose, we systematically evaluated the literature published between 1999 and 2020 with a focus on protein- and protein-glycosylation biomarkers in pancreatic cancer patients. Besides genomic and transcriptomic approaches, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics and glycomics of blood- and tissue-derived samples from PDAC patients have yielded new candidates with biomarker potential. However, for reasons discussed in this review, the validation and clinical translation of these candidate markers has not been successful. Consequently, there has been a change of mindset from initial efforts to identify new unimarkers into the current hypothesis that a combination of biomarkers better suits a diagnostic or prognostic panel. With continuing development of current research methods and available techniques combined with careful study designs, new biomarkers could contribute to improved detection, prognosis, and prediction of pancreatic cancer.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Body Fluids; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Clinical Decision-Making; Diagnosis, Differential; Early Detection of Cancer; Glycomics; Glycoproteins; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis, Chronic; Precancerous Conditions; Precision Medicine; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Proteomics; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33800786
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052655 -
Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease Jan 2019Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a rapidly growing family comprising >100 genetic diseases. Some 25 CDG are pure O-glycosylation defects. Even among this...
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a rapidly growing family comprising >100 genetic diseases. Some 25 CDG are pure O-glycosylation defects. Even among this CDG subgroup, phenotypic diversity is broad, ranging from mild to severe poly-organ/system dysfunction. Ophthalmic manifestations are present in 60% of these CDG. The ophthalmic manifestations in N-glycosylation-deficient patients have been described elsewhere. The present review documents the spectrum and incidence of eye disorders in patients with pure O-glycosylation defects with the aim of assisting diagnosis and management and promoting research.
Topics: Animals; Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation; Eye Diseases; Glycosylation; Humans
PubMed: 30740740
DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12025 -
Molecular & Cellular Proteomics : MCP 2021Intact glycopeptide identification has long been known as a key and challenging barrier to the comprehensive and accurate understanding the role of glycosylation in an...
Intact glycopeptide identification has long been known as a key and challenging barrier to the comprehensive and accurate understanding the role of glycosylation in an organism. Intact glycopeptide analysis is a blossoming field that has received increasing attention in recent years. MS-based strategies and relative software tools are major drivers that have greatly facilitated the analysis of intact glycopeptides, particularly intact N-glycopeptides. This article provides a systematic review of the intact glycopeptide-identification process using MS data generated in shotgun proteomic experiments, which typically focus on N-glycopeptide analysis. Particular attention is paid to the software tools that have been recently developed in the last decade for the interpretation and quality control of glycopeptide spectra acquired using different MS strategies. The review also provides information about the characteristics and applications of these software tools, discusses their advantages and disadvantages, and concludes with a discussion of outstanding tools.
Topics: Animals; Glycopeptides; Humans; Mass Spectrometry; Proteomics; Software
PubMed: 33556625
DOI: 10.1074/mcp.R120.002090 -
PloS One 2017Antibodies targeting the inward-rectifying potassium channel KIR4.1 have been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) but studies using diverse techniques have failed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Antibodies targeting the inward-rectifying potassium channel KIR4.1 have been associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) but studies using diverse techniques have failed to replicate this association. The detection of these antibodies is challenging; KIR4.1 glycosylation patterns and the use of diverse technical approaches may account for the disparity of results. We aimed to replicate the association using three different approaches to overcome the technical limitations of a single technique. We also performed a systematic review to examine the association of anti-KIR4.1 antibodies with MS.
METHODS
Serum samples from patients with MS (n = 108) and controls (n = 77) were tested for the presence of anti-KIR4.1 antibodies using three methods: 1) by ELISA with the low-glycosylated fraction of recombinant KIR4.1 purified from transfected HEK293 cells according to original protocols; 2) by immunocytochemistry using KIR4.1-transfected HEK293 cells; and 3) by immunocytochemistry using the KIR4.1.-transfected MO3.13 oligodendrocyte cell line. We developed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of anti-KIR4.1 antibodies with MS according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
RESULTS
We did not detect anti-KIR4.1 antibodies in the MS patients or in controls using ELISA. Neither did we detect any significant reactivity against the antigen on the cell surface using the KIR4.1-transfected HEK293 cells or the KIR4.1-transfected MO3.13 cells. We included 13 prospective controlled studies in the systematic review. Only three studies showed a positive association between anti-KIR4.1 and MS. Clinical and statistical heterogeneity between studies precluded meta-analysis of their results.
CONCLUSION
We found no association between anti-KIR4.1 antibody positivity and MS. Although this lack of replication may be due to technical limitations, evidence from our study and others is mounting against the role of KIR4.1 as a relevant MS autoantigen.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibodies; Autoantigens; Cell Line; Female; Glycosylation; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multiple Sclerosis; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; Prospective Studies; Young Adult
PubMed: 28414733
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175538 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2021The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) has been proposed as a marker to quantify inter-individual variation in hemoglobin glycosylation. However, whether HGI is...
The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) has been proposed as a marker to quantify inter-individual variation in hemoglobin glycosylation. However, whether HGI is associated with an increased risk of diabetic complications independent of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between HGI and the risk of all cause mortality and composite cardiovascular disease (CVD). PubMed, and EMBASE databases were searched for related studies up to March 31, 2021. Observational studies reported associations between HGI levels and composite CVD and all cause mortality were included for meta-analysis. A random effect model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for higher HGI. A total of five studies, comprising 22,035 patients with type two diabetes mellitus were included for analysis. The median follow-up duration was 5.0 years. After adjusted for multiple conventional cardiovascular risk factors, an increased level of HGI was associated with a higher risk of composite CVD (per 1 SD increment: HR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.04-1.26) and all cause mortality (per 1 SD increment: HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05-1.32). However, when further adjusted for HbA1c, the association between HGI and risk of composite CVD (per 1 SD increment of HGI: HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.93-1.10) and all cause mortality (per 1 SD increment of HGI: HR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.96-1.10) became insignificant. High HGI was associated with an increased risk of composite CVD and all cause mortality after adjustment for multiple conventional cardiovascular risk factors. However, the association was mainly mediating by the level of HbA1c.
PubMed: 34124211
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.690689 -
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science... Nov 2023Liubao tea (LBT) is a unique microbial-fermented tea that boasts a long consumption history spanning 1500 years. Through a specific post-fermentation process, LBT...
Liubao tea (LBT) is a unique microbial-fermented tea that boasts a long consumption history spanning 1500 years. Through a specific post-fermentation process, LBT crafted from local tea cultivars in Liubao town Guangxi acquires four distinct traits, namely, vibrant redness, thickness, aging aroma, and purity. The intricate transformations that occur during post-fermentation involve oxidation, degradation, methylation, glycosylation, and so forth, laying the substance foundation for the distinctive sensory traits. Additionally, LBT contains multitudinous bioactive compounds, such as ellagic acid, catechins, polysaccharides, and theabrownins, which contributes to the diverse modulation abilities on oxidative stress, metabolic syndromes, organic damage, and microbiota flora. However, research on LBT is currently scattered, and there is an urgent need for a systematical recapitulation of the manufacturing process, the dominant microorganisms during fermentation, the dynamic chemical alterations, the sensory traits, and the underlying health benefits. In this review, current research progresses on the peculiar tea varieties, the traditional and modern process technologies, the substance basis of sensory traits, and the latent bioactivities of LBT were comprehensively summarized. Furthermore, the present challenges and deficiencies that hinder the development of LBT, and the possible orientations and future perspectives were thoroughly discussed. By far, the productivity and quality of LBT remain restricted due to the reliance on labor and experience, as well as the incomplete understanding of the intricate interactions and underlying mechanisms involved in processing, organoleptic quality, and bioactivities. Consequently, further research is urgently warranted to address these gaps.
Topics: Tea; Camellia sinensis; China; Catechin; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 37850384
DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13254