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BioMed Research International 2019. Calpain small subunit 1 (Capn4) is implicated in tumorigenesis and plays a key role in multiple tumors. This study aimed to fully illustrate the prognostic value of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
UNLABELLED
. Calpain small subunit 1 (Capn4) is implicated in tumorigenesis and plays a key role in multiple tumors. This study aimed to fully illustrate the prognostic value of Capn4 protein in cancer patients.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted against several online databases. Hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratio (ORs) were used to investigate the relationship between Capn4 protein expression and prognosis as well as clinical parameters in cancer survivors.
RESULTS
Eleven studies involving 1775 patients were identified. Overall, the results showed that Capn4 protein was associated with poor prognosis of overall survival (OS) (HR=1.74; 95% CI:1.47-2.01; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07; <0.001) and event-free survival (EFS) (HR=1.73; 95% CI:1.39-2.07.
CONCLUSIONS
Expression of Capn4 protein is associated with cancer survival and clinicopathologic characteristics in patients.
Topics: Calpain; Cancer Survivors; Carcinogenesis; Databases, Factual; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Male; Odds Ratio; Prognosis
PubMed: 32083121
DOI: 10.1155/2019/8053706 -
Cytokine Dec 2016It has been demonstrated that IL-2 plays a dual role in induction/suppression of immune responses via activation of conventional and regulatory T lymphocytes,... (Review)
Review
It has been demonstrated that IL-2 plays a dual role in induction/suppression of immune responses via activation of conventional and regulatory T lymphocytes, respectively. IL-2 contacts complete IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) which contains CD25 (α chain) on the antigen specific activated T helper and cytotoxic lymphocytes and also T regulatory cells. Additionally, previous investigations revealed that polyoma BK virus (PBK) reactivation and induction of PBK associated nephropathy (PBKAN) is a main complication following renal transplantation. Based on the important dual roles played by IL-2 in the immune responses, it may be hypothesized that IL-2/IL-2R interaction could be considered a potential mechanism against/toward PBK reactivation and also PBKAN. Accordingly, the aim of the current review article is to determine the roles of IL-2 IL-2/IL-2R interaction in PBK reactivation and PBKAN complications.
Topics: Animals; BK Virus; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Humans; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Kidney Diseases; Polyomavirus Infections; Receptors, Interleukin-2; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Tumor Virus Infections
PubMed: 27718431
DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.09.023 -
Neurogenetics May 2021Dravet syndrome (DS) is a rare and severe epileptic syndrome of childhood with prevalence between 1/22,000 and 1/49,900 of live births. Approximately 80% of patients... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Dravet syndrome (DS) is a rare and severe epileptic syndrome of childhood with prevalence between 1/22,000 and 1/49,900 of live births. Approximately 80% of patients with this syndrome present SCN1A pathogenic variants, which encodes an alpha subunit of a neural voltage-dependent sodium channel. There is a correlation between PCDH19 pathogenic variants, encodes the protocadherin 19, and a similar disease to DS known as DS-like phenotype. The present review aims to clarify the differences between DS and DS-like phenotype according to the SCN1A and PCDH19 variants. A systematic review was conducted in PubMed and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, using "Dravet Syndrome" and "Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy in Infancy (SMEI)" search words, selecting cohort of studies published in journal with impact factor of two or greater. The systematic review was according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis recommendations. Nineteen studies were included in the present review, and a significant proportion of patients with DS-carrying SCN1A was greater than patients with DS-like phenotype-harboring PCDH19 variants (76.6% versus 23.4%). When clinical and genetic data were correlated, autism was predominantly observed in patients with DS-like-carrying PCDH19 variants compared to SCN1A variant carriers (62.5% versus 37.5%, respectively, P-value = 0.044, P-value corrected = 0.198). In addition, it was noticed a significant predisposition to hyperthermia during epilepsy crisis in individuals carrying PCDH19 variants (P-value = 0.003; P-value corrected = 0.027). The present review is the first to point out differences between the DS and DS-like phenotype according to the SCN1A and PCDH19 variants.
Topics: Autistic Disorder; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Genetic Heterogeneity; Humans; Hyperthermia; Mutation; NAV1.1 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; Observational Studies as Topic; Phenotype; Protocadherins; Seizures, Febrile; Syndrome
PubMed: 33937968
DOI: 10.1007/s10048-021-00644-7 -
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology 2016Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are key players in successful pregnancy and their deficiencies are implicated in pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia (PE), but the... (Review)
Review
Regulatory T-cells (Tregs) are key players in successful pregnancy and their deficiencies are implicated in pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia (PE), but the results are inconsistent among studies. This study aims to compile an overview of the studies about the associations of Tregs and PE risk and to provide recommendations for future research. A sensitive search of three databases including PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar (from 1995 to January 9, 2015) identified 636 unique titles. An accurate process of study selection, data extraction and method qualification were independently conducted by authors on retrieved papers. Seventeen papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in quality assessment. Regarding the source of Tregs, 14 studies assessed Tregs in peripheral blood, 2 studies in peripheral blood and decidua and one study in peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood. Despite variation in the combinations of markers and other aspects of the studies designs, remarkable constancy in the results of studies that measured Tregs as CD4+FoxP3+ or CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ cells (but not CD4+CD25(high/low)FoxP3+ markers) was found, which in broad terms showed a shift towards fewer Treg cells in PE. This review revealed an association between lower percentage of circulating CD4+FoxP3+ or CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs and the risk of PE. Given the above issue and regarding the high consistency of studies on reduction of suppressive activity of Tregs in PE, we have proposed a model in which the Tregs deficiency is a reflection of immune endocrine imbalance, which reverses maternal tolerance and results in development of preeclampsia.
Topics: Female; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; Lymphocyte Count; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
PubMed: 26580672
DOI: 10.1586/1744666X.2016.1105740 -
Clinics and Research in Hepatology and... Oct 2014To investigate the relationship of protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of hepatocellular... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
To investigate the relationship of protein expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) with clinicopathological factors and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
METHODS
PubMed and Embase were searched from their inception through August 2013 for studies that reported the association between protein expression of HIF-1α and HCC. Random effects meta-analyses were used to summarize the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
Eight studies involving 851 patients with HCC were included. Protein expression level of HIF-1α was not found to be related with capsule formation, cirrhosis, tumor size, and tumor differentiation of HCC, except vascular invasion. The positive association between HIF-1α expression and vascular invasion of HCC was statistically significant (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.31-3.18). As a prognostic factor, a high level of HIF-1α expression would be associated with a poor disease-free survival (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.48-2.97).
CONCLUSION
Higher level of HIF-1α expression may indicate a bigger possibility of vascular invasion and a poorer prognosis of HCC.
Topics: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Humans; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Liver Neoplasms
PubMed: 24835771
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.04.004 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Dec 2016Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of mania/hypomania, affecting more than 1% of the world population. S100B is a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of mania/hypomania, affecting more than 1% of the world population. S100B is a calcium-binding protein, mostly produced and secreted by astrocytes in the CNS that participate in several cellular responses. Previous studies have shown that patients with bipolar disorder had higher peripheral S100B levels than healthy individuals, suggesting a potential role for S100B BD.
METHODS
In this study, a systematic and quantitative meta-analysis of studies S100B serum was performed according to the guidelines PRISMA-statement to confirm the increase of serum S100B in patients with manic bipolar disorder.
RESULTS
We included in the meta-analysis two studies that reported the mean and standard deviation of serum S100B 52 patients manic BP and 52 control studies. Our results showed higher levels of S100B peripheral TB patients compared with healthy controls. In this meta-analysis, we found evidence that serum S100B are increased in patients with bipolar disorder.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, several studies have observed morphological abnormalities in the brains of bipolar disorder patients, changes in the peripheral S100B levels in mood disorders were described, and this protein could be a putative marker for damage to the brain. Thus, in this meta-analysis we have found evidence, based on two studies of 52 patients and 52 healthy controls, that the serum concentrations of S100B are increased in bipolar disorder patients.
Topics: Biomarkers; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
PubMed: 27475892
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.07.030 -
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior Feb 2023Approximately two-thirds of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) fail to respond to conventional antidepressants, suggesting that additional mechanisms are... (Review)
Review
Approximately two-thirds of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) fail to respond to conventional antidepressants, suggesting that additional mechanisms are involved in the MDD pathophysiology. In this scenario, the glutamatergic system represents a promising therapeutic target for treatment-resistant depression. To our knowledge, this is the first study using semantic approach with systems biology to identify potential targets involved in the fast-acting antidepressant effects of ketamine and its enantiomers as well as identifying specific targets of (R)-ketamine. We performed a systematic review, followed by a semantic analysis and functional gene enrichment to identify the main biological processes involved in the therapeutic effects of these agents. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed, and the genes exclusively regulated by (R)-ketamine were explored. We found that the regulation of α-Amino-3-Hydroxy-5-Methyl-4-Isoxazolepropionic Acid (AMPA) receptor and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits-Postsynaptic Protein 95 (PSD-95), Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), and Tyrosine Receptor Kinase B (TrkB) are shared by the three-antidepressant agents, reinforcing the central role of the glutamatergic system and neurogenesis on its therapeutic effects. Differential regulation of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) receptors-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK's), Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-Kappa Beta Ligand (RANKL), and Serotonin Transporter (SERT) seems to be particularly involved in (R)-ketamine antidepressant effects. Our data helps further studies investigating the relationship between these targets and the mechanisms of (R)-ketamine and searching for other therapeutic compounds that share the regulation of these specific biomolecules. Ultimately, this study could contribute to improve the fast management of depressive-like symptoms with less detrimental side effects than ketamine and (S)-ketamine.
Topics: Humans; Ketamine; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; Systems Biology; Antidepressive Agents; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
PubMed: 36731751
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173523 -
Tumour Biology : the Journal of the... 2022Controversy exists regarding the association of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B APOBEC3B, (A3B) overexpression and poor prognosis, metastasis,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Controversy exists regarding the association of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic subunit 3B APOBEC3B, (A3B) overexpression and poor prognosis, metastasis, and chemotherapy drug resistance in cancers. Here we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine its prognostic value and clinicopathological features in breast cancer and some other malignancies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and EMBASE were searched up to Feb 2022 for the association of A3B with breast, ovarian, gastrointestinal and lung cancers. The pooled hazard ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI) were evaluated to assess disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in cancers under study.
RESULTS
Over 3700 patients were included in this meta-survey. Elevated levels of A3B were significantly related to low OS (pooled HR = 1.30; 95% CI:1.09-1.55, P < 0.01), poor DFS (pooled HR = 1.66; 95% CI:1.17-2.35, P < 0.01) and poor RFS (HR = 1.51, 95% CI:1.11-2.04, P = 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed that high A3B expression was associated with poor OS in lung (HR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.40-2.45), and breast cancers (HR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.00-1.89). High expression of A3B did not display any significant association with clinicopathologic features.
CONCLUSION
APOBEC3B overexpression is related to poor OS, DFS and RFS only in some cancer types and no generalized role could be predicted for all cancers.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cytidine Deaminase; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; Proportional Hazards Models
PubMed: 36093650
DOI: 10.3233/TUB-211577 -
Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany) Jul 2021Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and sports-related concussions (SRCs) are the leading causes of hospitalization and death in subjects <45 years old in the USA and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Systematic review and cumulative meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of glial fibrillary acidic protein vs. S100 calcium binding protein B as blood biomarkers in observational studies of patients with mild or moderate acute traumatic brain injury.
Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and sports-related concussions (SRCs) are the leading causes of hospitalization and death in subjects <45 years old in the USA and Europe. Some biomarkers (BMs) have been used to reduce unnecessary cranial computed tomography (CCT). In recent years, the astroglial S100 calcium-binding B protein (S100B) has prevented approximately 30% of unnecessary CCTs. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has also been studied in direct comparison with S100B. The aim of our cumulative meta-analysis (cMA) is to compare - in the context of hospital emergency departments or SRC conditions - the differences in diagnostic accuracy (DA), sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of GFAP and S100B. The main cMA inclusion criterion was the assessment of both BMs in the included subjects since 2010, with blood samples drawn 1-30 h from the suspected TBI or SRC. The risk-of-bias (RoB) score was determined, and both the publication bias (with the Begg, Egger and Duval trim-and-fill tests) and sensitivity (with the box-and-whiskers plot) were analyzed for outliers. Seven studies with 899 subjects and nine observations (samples) were included. The diagnostic odds ratios (dORs) with their prediction intervals (PIs), Se and Sp (analyzed with a hierarchical model to respect the binomial data structure) were assessed, and a random-effects MA and a cMA of the difference in the BMs dOR natural logarithms (logOR(G-S)) between the BMs were performed. The cMA of dOR(G-S) was significant (5.78 (CI 2-16.6)) probably preventing approximately 50% of unnecessary CCTs. Further work is needed to standardize and harmonize GFAP laboratory methods.
Topics: Biomarkers; Brain Injuries; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Humans; Middle Aged; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
PubMed: 34214384
DOI: 10.1515/dx-2021-0006 -
International Journal of Surgery... Mar 2018Cystic echinococcosis (CE) represents an increasing public health concern in many parts of the world, including the Middle East. The present study is the first... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) represents an increasing public health concern in many parts of the world, including the Middle East. The present study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the seroprevalence rate and population genetic structure of human CE in the eastern Mediterranean region. To estimate the population genetic structure, Echinococcus sequences of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene isolated from countries from this geographical area were retrieved from the GenBank database. An electronic search for articles from 1990 until 2015 was performed using databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. A total of 53 articles reporting on CE seroprevalence and genotyping data met our eligibility criteria and were included in a meta-analysis. The overall CE seroprevalence rates in the general population and in individuals at high risk of infection were estimated using the random-effect model at 7.4% (95% CI = 4.8-10.6) and 10.7% (95% CI = 7.6-14.3), respectively. Risk factors including age group (P < 0.001), dog ownership (P = 0.03), residence area (P < 0.001), and educational level (P = 0.04) showed a statistically significant association with CE seroprevalence. A pairwise fixation index (Fst), used as an estimation of gene flow, suggested a moderate level of genetic differentiation between members of the E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1-G3) complex from Iranian and Turkish metapopulations (Fst = 0.171). The finding of common haplotypes may represent an ancestral transfer of alleles among populations probably during the early stages of animal domestication. The high CE seroprevalence rates found highlight the necessity of implementing appropriate public education for preventive and control strategies, particularly in individuals at high risk of infection; furthermore, our genetic findings reveal novel molecular data concerning microevolutionary events of Echinococcus isolates among Middle East countries.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Asian People; Cyclooxygenase 1; Dogs; Echinococcosis; Female; Genetic Variation; Genetics, Population; Genotype; Haplotypes; Humans; Iran; Male; Middle Aged; Middle East; Risk Factors; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Turkey; Young Adult
PubMed: 29367032
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.01.025