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Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery Dec 2020Drains' role after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is debated by proponents of no drain, draining selected cases, and early drain removal. The aim of the study was to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis of surgical drain management after the diagnosis of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy: draining-tract-targeted works better than standard management.
PURPOSE
Drains' role after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is debated by proponents of no drain, draining selected cases, and early drain removal. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of "standard" and "draining-tract-targeted" management of abdominal drains still in situ after diagnosing a postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF).
METHODS
PubMed and Scopus were searched for "pancreaticoduodenectomy or pancreatoduodenectomy or duodenopancreatectomy," "Whipple," "proximal pancreatectomy," "pylorus-preserving pancreatectomy," and "postoperative pancreatic fistula or POPF.". Main outcomes included clinically relevant (CR) POPF, grade-C POPF, overall mortality, POPF-related mortality, and CR-POPF-related mortality. Secondary outcomes were incidence of radiological and/or endoscopic interventions, reoperations, and completion pancreatectomies.
RESULTS
Overall, 12,089 studies were retrieved by the search of the English literature (01/01/1990-31/12/2018). Three hundred and twenty-six studies (90,321 patients) reporting ≥ 100 PDs and ≥ 10 PD/year were finally included into the study. Average incidences were obtained by averaging the incidence rates reported in the single articles. Pooled incidences were calculated by combining the number of events and the total number of patients considered in the various studies. These were then meta-analyzed using DerSimonian and Laird's (1986) method. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to compare pooled incidences between groups. Post hoc testing was used to see which groups differed. The meta-analyzed incidences were compared using a fixed effect for moderators. "Draining-tract-targeted" management showed a significant advantage over "standard" management in four clinically relevant outcomes out of eight according to pool analysis and in one of them according to meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION
Clinically, "draining-targeted" management of POPF should be preferred to "standard" management.
Topics: Drainage; Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Fistula; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 33104886
DOI: 10.1007/s00423-020-02005-8 -
Surgical Endoscopy Jan 2020Staple-line leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) remain a concerning complication. Staple-line buttressing is largely adopted as an acceptable... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Staple-line leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) remain a concerning complication. Staple-line buttressing is largely adopted as an acceptable reinforcement but data regarding leaks have been equivocal. This study compared staple-line leaks in five reinforcement options during LSG: no reinforcement (NO-SLR), oversewing (suture), nonabsorbable bovine pericardial strips (BPS), tissue sealant or fibrin glue (Seal), or absorbable polymer membrane (APM).
METHODS
This systematic review study of articles published between 2012 and 2016 regarding LSG leak rates aligned with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Variables of interest included leak rates, bleeding, and complications in addition to surgical and population parameters. An independent Fisher's exact test was used to compare the number of patients with and without leaks for the different reinforcement options.
RESULTS
Of the 1633 articles identified, 148 met inclusion criteria and represented 40,653 patients. Differences in age (older in APM; p = 0.001), starting body mass index (lower in Suture; p = 0.008), and distance from pylorus (closer in BPS; p = 0.04) were observed between groups, but mean bougie size was equivalent. The overall leak rate of 1.5% (607 leaks) ranged from 0.7% for APM (significantly lower than all groups; p ≤ 0.007 for next lowest leak rate) to 2.7% (BPS).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review of staple-line leaks following LSG demonstrated a significantly lower rate using APM staple-line reinforcement as compared to oversewing, use of sealants, BPS reinforcement, or no reinforcement. Variation in surgical technique may also contribute to leak rates.
Topics: Anastomosis, Surgical; Anastomotic Leak; Gastrectomy; Humans; Laparoscopy; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Risk Factors; Surgical Stapling
PubMed: 30993513
DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-06782-2 -
Digestive Surgery 2016One of the most frequent complications of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is delayed gastric emptying (DGE). The study aim was to evaluate the impact of the type of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
Effect of Antecolic versus Retrocolic Gastroenteric Reconstruction after Pancreaticoduodenectomy on Delayed Gastric Emptying: A Meta-Analysis of Six Randomized Controlled Trials.
BACKGROUND
One of the most frequent complications of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is delayed gastric emptying (DGE). The study aim was to evaluate the impact of the type of gastro/duodenojejunal reconstruction (antecolic vs. retrocolic) after PD on DGE incidence.
METHODS
A systematic review was made according to the PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing antecolic vs. retrocolic reconstruction were included irrespective of the PD techniques. A meta-analysis was then performed.
RESULTS
Six RCTs were included for a total of 588 patients. The overall quality was good. General risk of bias was low. DGE was not statistically significantly different between the antecolic and retrocolic group (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.31-1.16, p = 0.13). The other main surgery-related complications (pancreatic fistula, hemorrhage, intra-abdominal abscess, bile leak and wound infection) were not dependent on the reconstruction route (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.41-1.70, p = 0.63). No statistically significant difference in terms of length of hospital stay was found between the 2 groups. There was also no difference of DGE incidence if only pylorus-preserving PD was considered and between the DGE grades A, B or C.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis shows that antecolic reconstruction after PD is not superior to retrocolic reconstruction in terms of DGE.
Topics: Gastroenterostomy; Gastroparesis; Humans; Incidence; Models, Statistical; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 26566023
DOI: 10.1159/000441480 -
South African Journal of Surgery.... May 2024Pancreaticoduodenectomy is a complex intra-abdominal operation used for the treatment of benign and malignant disease of the pancreatic head or periampullary region.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Comparative Study
Isolated Roux-en-Y versus single loop pancreaticojejunal reconstruction after pancreaticoduodenectomy - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
BACKGROUND
Pancreaticoduodenectomy is a complex intra-abdominal operation used for the treatment of benign and malignant disease of the pancreatic head or periampullary region. Despite developments in surgical techniques, pancreaticoduodenectomy is still associated with high rate of postoperative complications. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the surgical outcomes of isolated Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy (IRYPJ), and conventional pancreaticojejunostomy(CPJ).
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. We searched the following electronic databases - PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Clinical-Trials.gov. Published trials comparing the efficacy and safety of IRYPJ and CPJ after pancreaticoduodenectomy were evaluated. The search terms were "pancreaticoduodenectomy," "Whipple," "pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy," "pancreaticojejunostomy," "Roux-en-Y," and "isolated Roux loop pancreaticojejunostomy." Only randomised controlled trials comparing outcome of IRYPJ and CPJ after pancreaticoduodenectomy were included. The analysed outcome measures were postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), clinically relevant POPF (CR-POPF), bile leak and delayed gastric emptying (DGE).
RESULTS
The initial search yielded 342 results but only four randomised control trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included for data synthesis and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of POPF revealed that IRYPJ is associated with less POPF compared to CPJ but the difference was not statistically significant (risk ratio = 0.58, = 0.56). A similar finding was also observed with CR-POPF (risk ratio = 0.17, = 0.87) and DGE (risk ratio = 0.74, = 0.46).
CONCLUSION
Isolated Roux-en-Y pancreaticojejunostomy is not associated with a superior outcome when compared to CPJ.
Topics: Humans; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreaticojejunostomy; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 38838116
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives de Pediatrie : Organe Officiel... Oct 2023The health and safety hazards related to button batteries (BB) have been extensively studied, highlighting that the presence of a button battery in the esophagus is a...
BACKGROUND
The health and safety hazards related to button batteries (BB) have been extensively studied, highlighting that the presence of a button battery in the esophagus is a life-threatening emergency. However, complications related to bowel BB are poorly evaluated and not well known. The objective of this review of the literature was to describe severe cases of BB that have passed the pylorus.
CASE REPORT
This case, from the PilBouTox cohort, is the first report of small-bowel occlusion following ingestion of an LR44 BB (diameter: 11.4 mm) by a 7-month-old infant with a history of intestinal resections. In this case, the BB was ingested without a witness. The initial presentation mimicked acute gastroenteritis evolving into hypovolemic shock. An X-ray revealed a foreign body stuck in the small bowel causing an intestinal occlusion and local necrosis without perforation. The patient's history of intestinal stenosis and intestinal surgery were the contributing factor of impaction.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
The review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The research was conducted on September 12, 2022 through five database and the U.S. Poison Control Center website. An additional 12 severe cases of intestinal or colonic injury after ingestion of a single BB were identified. Of these, 11 were related to small BBs (< 15 mm) that impacted Meckel's diverticulum and one was related to postoperative stenosis.
CONCLUSION
In view of the findings, the indications for digestive endoscopy for extraction of a BB in the stomach should include a history of intestinal stenosis or intestinal surgery so as to avoid delayed intestinal perforation or occlusion and prolonged hospitalization.
Topics: Infant; Humans; Pylorus; Constriction, Pathologic; Esophagus; Foreign Bodies; Intestinal Obstruction; Eating
PubMed: 37394366
DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2023.05.007 -
Zentralblatt Fur Chirurgie Dec 2014Inguinal hernia repair and pyloromyotomy are among the most common operations performed on children. In the last two decades minimally invasive surgery has been employed... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Inguinal hernia repair and pyloromyotomy are among the most common operations performed on children. In the last two decades minimally invasive surgery has been employed for an increasing number of these procedures. This review describes the development of the techniques involved, and their current role in therapy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review of the paediatric surgical literature since 1990 was performed on laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair and pyloromyotomy. Relevant publications were summarised.
RESULTS
The first laparoscopic pyloromyotomy was described in 1991, the first laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in children was published in 1998. The learning curve for both procedures is initially steep and reaches a plateau only after about 20 to 30 cases. Both randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses are available comparing the laparoscopic and open techniques for both procedures. The advantages of laparoscopic versus open pyloromyotomy include faster recovery and shorter hospital stay, at similar complication rates. The operation times of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair are shorter in bilateral cases, while the complication rate again is similar. However, the incidence of metachronous contralateral inguinal hernia is lower after laparoscopic repair.
CONCLUSION
Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy and paediatric inguinal hernia repair require special skills. As a minimum, a surgeon's first 20 cases should therefore be performed under competent supervision. Besides resulting in smaller scars, both procedures have concrete advantages and the same complication rates compared to the open techniques. Therefore, both operations can be regarded as the current gold standard.
Topics: Child; Evidence-Based Medicine; Hernia, Inguinal; Herniorrhaphy; Humans; Laparoscopy; Learning Curve; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Operative Time; Postoperative Complications; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic; Pylorus
PubMed: 25531633
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383245 -
Surgery Aug 2019Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with right hemicolectomy (RH) to treat locally advanced right colon cancer (LARCC) has been rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we...
BACKGROUND
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) with right hemicolectomy (RH) to treat locally advanced right colon cancer (LARCC) has been rarely reported in the literature. Herein, we characterize clinicopathologic factors and evaluate outcomes of en bloc PD and RH for LARCC.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was conducted on PubMed using MeSH terms ("pancreaticoduodenectomy" or "pancreas/surgery" or "duodenum/surgery" or "colectomy") and ("colonic neoplasms"). Data was extracted from patients who underwent en bloc PD and RH for LARCC. Factors investigated included patient demographics, surgical and pathologic parameters, postoperative complications, disease recurrence, and survival.
RESULTS
Our search yielded 27 articles (106 patients), including 1 case from our institution. Most patients were male (62.1%), median age 58 years (range 34-83). Surgical procedures performed included en bloc RH with PD (n = 91, 85.8%) and en bloc RH with pylorus-preserving PD (n = 15, 14.2%). Among reported, 95.5% of patients (n = 63), underwent R0 resection. One or more complications were reported in 33 patients (52.4%). Median survival was 168 months. Survival after resection was 75.9% at 2 years and 66.3% at 5 years. Overall survival was greater in patients with no lymph node involvement (IIC versus IIIC, hazard ratio 8.4, P = .003). Five-year survival for patients was 84.9% in patients with stage IIC versus 46.4% in patients with stage IIIC. There were 3 postoperative mortalities.
CONCLUSION
This data demonstrates that en bloc PD and RH is rarely performed yet can be a potentially safe treatment option in patients with LARCC. Lymph node involvement was the only independent prognostic factor.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cause of Death; Colonic Neoplasms; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Sex Factors; Survival Analysis
PubMed: 31182232
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2019.04.020 -
Gastroenterologia Y Hepatologia 2019To assess the efficacy and safety of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of gastroparesis.
INTRODUCTION
To assess the efficacy and safety of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy for the treatment of gastroparesis.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched from their earliest records to May 2018. The evaluation of clinical efficacy and safety was based on gastric emptying scintigraphy normalization, the improvement in clinical symptoms and adverse event rate. R 3.5.0 software was used to calculate the pooled estimate rates by meta-analysis. The improvement rate of the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index score was analyzed at different follow-up times.
RESULTS
Fourteen studies with a total of 276 patients were included in this systematic review. The pooled gastric emptying scintigraphy normalization rate was 61.3% (95% CI, 51.5-70.8%) and clinical symptom improvement rate was 88.2% (95% CI, 83.6-93.1%). Intra-operative complications were found in about 3.2% (95% CI, 0.1-4.2%) of all included patients, and postoperative adverse events in 2.1% (95% CI, 0.3-4.8%). The mean Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index score improvement rate was about 90.2% at one month follow-up, 83.3% at three months, 70.3% at six months, 52.4% at twelve months and 57.1% at eighteen months.
DISCUSSION
Our systematic review demonstrates that gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy is a safe and effective treatment for gastroparesis. Though the short-term outcomes are promising, prospective, randomized, controlled studies with large sample size and long-term follow-up are required to further confirm these results.
Topics: Diabetes Complications; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Follow-Up Studies; Gastric Emptying; Gastroparesis; Gastroscopy; Humans; Intraoperative Complications; Mouth; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery; Postoperative Complications; Pylorus; Research Design; Retrospective Studies; Sphincterotomy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30954320
DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2019.01.008 -
World Journal of Gastrointestinal... Jul 2022Obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is defined as persistent bleeding despite negative evaluation with both esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy and can be...
BACKGROUND
Obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is defined as persistent bleeding despite negative evaluation with both esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy and can be secondary to small intestinal pathology. Standard endoscopy as well as push endoscopy can be a challenge in those with altered anatomy given inaccessible areas as well as perforation risk. Single and double balloon enteroscopy can be warranted in this patient population in instances of obscure GI bleed.
AIM
To assess the safety and diagnostic efficacy of balloon enteroscopy for obscure GI bleeding in patients with surgically altered anatomy.
METHODS
A search was conducted through PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Embase with the key words "enteroscopy," "obscure bleeding," and "altered anatomy," to identify relevant articles in English with no restricted time frame. A search within the Reference Citation Analysis database was conducted to ensure inclusion of the latest high impact articles. Study types included in the review were prospective and retrospective reviews, case series, and case reports. The reference lists of these papers were also reviewed to find further papers that were applicable. The authors extracted the data from the studies that fit inclusion criteria. Data of interest included type of study, type of procedure, and type of altered anatomy, as well as the number of patients with any diagnostic or therapeutic intervention. Data was also recorded on procedure tolerance and complications. The data was analyzed with descriptive statistics.
RESULTS
Our literature search yielded 14 studies that were included. There were 68 procedures performed with 61 unique patients subjected to these procedures. Forty-four (65%) of the procedures were double balloon, 21 (31%) were single balloon, and 3 (4%) were classified as through the scope balloon assisted. The most common altered anatomy types included Gastric Bypass Roux-en-Y, Pylorus Sparing Whipple, Orthotopic Liver Transplantation with Roux-en-Y, and Gastrojejunostomy Roux-en-Y. The procedures were successfully performed in each patient. There were 5 (7%) procedures that were complicated by perforation. Amongst the available data, the diagnostic yield was 48/59 (81%) and a therapeutic yield of 39/59 (66%). One patient was recommended surgical revision of their altered anatomy following enteroscopy.
CONCLUSION
Balloon enteroscopy is a useful diagnostic modality in investigating obscure GI bleeding within those with surgically altered anatomy; however, precautions must be taken as this population may have increased perforation risk.
PubMed: 36051995
DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v14.i7.434 -
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology Jul 2019Lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) have been considered as a viable alternative to treat benign gastrointestinal (GI) strictures. We aimed to determine the efficacy and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Lumen-apposing metal stent (LAMS) have been considered as a viable alternative to treat benign gastrointestinal (GI) strictures. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of LAMS for benign GI strictures. Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed databases were searched using the keywords 'benign stricture', 'gastrointestinal stricture', 'lumen-apposing metal stent' and related terms on December 2018. Articles were selected for review by two authors independently according to predefined inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. A meta-analysis using a random effects model was performed. Six studies with a total of 144 patients were included in the final analysis (60 males, 41.7%). Overall, the pooled technical success rate was 98.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.962-1.004], clinical success rate was 73.8% (95% CI: 0.563-0.912) and adverse events rate was 30.6% (95% CI: 0.187-0.425). The most common complication associated with LAMS for benign GI strictures was migration, and the pooled events rate was 10.9% (95% CI: 0.058-0.160). According to locations of stricture, subgroup analysis was performed in terms of clinical success [Esophagogastric: 63.9% (95% CI: 0.365-0.914); Gastroduodenal: 67.4% (95% CI: 0.421-0.927); Gastrojejunal: 78% (95% CI: 0.638-0.922); Pylorus: 77.6% (95% CI: 0.551-1.002); Colonic: 85.3% (95% CI: 0.515-1.191)]. Although the safety of LAMS placement in benign GI strictures is not very satisfactory, it is associated with a low migration rate. LAMS can achieve clinical symptom improvement or resolution in most patients with benign GI strictures, and it might be an alluring prospect for treating patients with this difficult condition.
Topics: Constriction, Pathologic; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Metals; Self Expandable Metallic Stents; Stents; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31290352
DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2019.1638447