-
International Journal For Equity in... Jul 2023Disadvantaged populations (such as women from minority ethnic groups and those with social complexity) are at an increased risk of poor outcomes and experiences.... (Review)
Review
Targeted health and social care interventions for women and infants who are disproportionately impacted by health inequalities in high-income countries: a systematic review.
BACKGROUND
Disadvantaged populations (such as women from minority ethnic groups and those with social complexity) are at an increased risk of poor outcomes and experiences. Inequalities in health outcomes include preterm birth, maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, and poor-quality care. The impact of interventions is unclear for this population, in high-income countries (HIC). The review aimed to identify and evaluate the current evidence related to targeted health and social care service interventions in HICs which can improve health inequalities experienced by childbearing women and infants at disproportionate risk of poor outcomes and experiences.
METHODS
Twelve databases searched for studies across all HICs, from any methodological design. The search concluded on 8/11/22. The inclusion criteria included interventions that targeted disadvantaged populations which provided a component of clinical care that differed from standard maternity care.
RESULTS
Forty six index studies were included. Countries included Australia, Canada, Chile, Hong Kong, UK and USA. A narrative synthesis was undertaken, and results showed three intervention types: midwifery models of care, interdisciplinary care, and community-centred services. These intervention types have been delivered singularly but also in combination of each other demonstrating overlapping features. Overall, results show interventions had positive associations with primary (maternal, perinatal, and infant mortality) and secondary outcomes (experiences and satisfaction, antenatal care coverage, access to care, quality of care, mode of delivery, analgesia use in labour, preterm birth, low birth weight, breastfeeding, family planning, immunisations) however significance and impact vary. Midwifery models of care took an interpersonal and holistic approach as they focused on continuity of carer, home visiting, culturally and linguistically appropriate care and accessibility. Interdisciplinary care took a structural approach, to coordinate care for women requiring multi-agency health and social services. Community-centred services took a place-based approach with interventions that suited the need of its community and their norms.
CONCLUSION
Targeted interventions exist in HICs, but these vary according to the context and infrastructure of standard maternity care. Multi-interventional approaches could enhance a targeted approach for at risk populations, in particular combining midwifery models of care with community-centred approaches, to enhance accessibility, earlier engagement, and increased attendance.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42020218357.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Infant; Developed Countries; Maternal Health Services; Premature Birth; Social Support; Social Work
PubMed: 37434187
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01948-w -
Journal of Evidence-informed Social Work 2015The purpose of the author in this systematic psychometric review includes: providing social work researchers, educators, and administrators with a summary of descriptive... (Review)
Review
The purpose of the author in this systematic psychometric review includes: providing social work researchers, educators, and administrators with a summary of descriptive psychometric information pertaining to scales which measure social workers' beliefs about research and social work practice, evaluating chronological changes in psychometric/statistical methodology, and summarizing the role current and future scale development efforts have in improving the use of evidence-based social work practice. Using predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, electronic databases and reference lists of included studies were reviewed and coded for methodological and psychometric properties. Seventeen studies satisfied inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eleven unique scales measuring social worker beliefs regarding research and social work practice were identified. The majority of scales and subscales had Cronbach's alphas that exceeded .70. Most of the scales had evidence of content, factorial, construct, and/or criterion validity. Strategies for improving psychometric research and implications for evidence-based social work practice are discussed.
Topics: Culture; Evidence-Based Practice; Humans; Psychometrics; Research; Social Work; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 25661901
DOI: 10.1080/15433714.2013.820676 -
British Journal of Community Nursing Feb 2016In spite of ongoing UK Government recommendations for integrated health and social care, the implementation has been slow. While there are pockets of integration... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In spite of ongoing UK Government recommendations for integrated health and social care, the implementation has been slow. While there are pockets of integration happening across England, many services remain isolated and fragmented.
AIM
This review aims to critically review existing evidence to identify if there are any factors enabling successful implementation of integrated health and social care for people with long-term conditions in the community.
METHOD
A review was conducted following the principles of a systematic review. Relevant data was extracted from the identified papers and the papers were quality appraised.
RESULTS
A total of seven studies were included in the review. Data analysis and synthesis identified a number of themes in relation to enablers of integrated care, including co-location of teams, communication, integrated organisations, management and leadership, capacity and resources, and information technology.
CONCLUSION
There is a limited amount of evidence regarding integrated health and social care teams. Although there are some consistencies within the findings, further research is needed to enhance the validity of the body of evidence available.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cooperative Behavior; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated; Female; Humans; Interprofessional Relations; Long-Term Care; Male; Middle Aged; Social Work; State Medicine; United Kingdom; Young Adult
PubMed: 26844602
DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2016.21.2.82 -
Social Work in Public Health Jul 2022There is a strong focus on primary health care (PHC), as rooted in a commitment to social justice and equity, to reduce social inequalities in health. Within PHC,...
There is a strong focus on primary health care (PHC), as rooted in a commitment to social justice and equity, to reduce social inequalities in health. Within PHC, interprofessional collaboration is emphasized to achieve these objectives. Social workers are a renewed partner within these collaborations, as principles of social justice and human rights are the core of this profession. However, it is unknown if and how social work implements these principles in primary health care settings. This systematic literature review examined the existing literature on the role of social work in primary health care settings on themes of social justice. Our results emphasize how valuable the presence of social workers in primary health care is because of their broad perspective on health. At the same time, we also reveal a few points of concern, as their focus on social justice remains rather individual. This review suggests the strengthening of a social justice based approach in primary health care, which is an issue that should be shared with other healthcare professionals. We discuss implications for practice, research and policy.
Topics: DNA; Health Personnel; Humans; Primary Health Care; Social Justice; Social Work
PubMed: 34927558
DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2021.2017381 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Nov 2022To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of CBT for individuals diagnosed with cancer across a broad range of outcome domains, i.e., functional health,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of CBT for individuals diagnosed with cancer across a broad range of outcome domains, i.e., functional health, psychological health, health behaviors, social relational, and general wellness.
METHODS
A comprehensive search of 7 databases, 91 published reviews, and 4 professional websites was performed on August 30th, 2021. English-language clinical trials of CBT for cancer patients/survivors were included. Studies were independently screened, and data were extracted by 2 reviewers, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus among the investigative team. A total of 151 clinical trials (154 articles) published between 1986 and 2021 were included in the analysis.
RESULTS
CBT was overall effective for cancer patients/survivors in the domains of functional health, g = 0.931, p < 0.001, psychological health, g = 0.379, p < 0.001, and general wellness, g = 0.257, p < 0.001, but ineffective in domains of health behaviors, g = 0.792, p > 0.05, and social relational outcomes, g = 0.319, p > 0.05. Additional subgroup and moderator analyses further revealed CBT's differential treatment effect for different within domain outcomes, across different cancer disease stages, and CBT delivery format.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings of the study showed that CBT is an effective treatment for individuals diagnosed with cancer. However, treatment effects differ by important disease- and intervention-related factors, which should be considered when recommending CBT for cancer patients/survivors.
Topics: Humans; Cancer Survivors; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Treatment Outcome; Neoplasms; Cognition
PubMed: 36040671
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07337-3 -
Population Health Management Feb 2022Recognizing that social factors influence patient health outcomes and utilization, health systems have developed interventions to address patients' social needs. Care...
Recognizing that social factors influence patient health outcomes and utilization, health systems have developed interventions to address patients' social needs. Care coordination across the health care and social service sectors is a distinct and important strategy to address social determinants of health, but limited information exists about how care coordination operates in this context. To address this gap, the authors conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed publications that document the coordination of health care and social services in the United States. After a structured elimination process, 25 publications of 19 programs were synthesized to identify patterns in care coordination implementation. Results indicate that patient needs assessment, in-person patient contact, and standardized care coordination protocols are common across programs that bridge health care and social services. Publications discussing these programs often provide limited detail on other key elements of care coordination, especially the nature of referrals and care coordinator caseload. Additional research is needed to document critical elements of program implementation and to evaluate program impacts.
Topics: Humans; Social Work; United States
PubMed: 34134511
DOI: 10.1089/pop.2021.0057 -
Nursing Ethics Nov 2016Little is known about case managers' ethical issues and professional values. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Little is known about case managers' ethical issues and professional values.
OBJECTIVES
This article presents an overview of ethical issues in case managers' current practice. Findings are examined in the light of nursing ethics, social work ethics and principle-based biomedical ethics.
RESEARCH DESIGN
A systematic literature review was performed to identify and analyse empirical studies concerning ethical issues in case management programmes. It was completed by systematic content analysis of case managers' national codes of ethics.
FINDINGS
Only nine empirical studies were identified, eight of them from North America. The main dilemmas were how to balance system goals against the client's interest and client protection against autonomy. Professional codes of ethics shared important similarities, but offered different responses to these two dilemmas.
DISCUSSION
We discuss the respective roles of professional and organizational ethics. Further lines of research are suggested.
Topics: Bioethical Issues; Case Managers; Codes of Ethics; Empirical Research; Ethics, Institutional; Ethics, Nursing; Humans; Social Work
PubMed: 26038377
DOI: 10.1177/0969733015583182 -
International Journal of Mental Health... Aug 2016Concepts of personal and social recovery in mental illness are constantly evolving because the journey is fluid and subject to change over time. Dynamic interactions... (Review)
Review
Concepts of personal and social recovery in mental illness are constantly evolving because the journey is fluid and subject to change over time. Dynamic interactions between the complexities of human nature and mental illness create ever-altering landscapes of perplexity. The acknowledged ebb and flow of recovery in the presence of chronic and serious mental illness requires health professionals to provide a flexible suite of care, delivered through skills and methods that are responsive and meaningful to the recipient. We conducted a systematic search for qualitative literature that articulated the work of personally-supportive recovery-oriented practice (ROP) to determine the specific components of recovery-supportive work. Twenty-one articles were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria and were synthesized using a coding framework derived from Normalization Process Theory. We identified three kinds of recovery-supportive work required from health professionals: alleviating stigma, delivering effective recovery-supportive responses in the presence of complex health and social situations and managing challenges associated with the work of ROP. We discuss the resources needed for ROP and the barriers that inhibit health professionals' engagement in this work. By elucidating the work of ROP, we highlighted a disparity between health professionals' aspirations and achievements. These revelations could inform service delivery in order to better support consumer recovery in serious mental illness.
Topics: Humans; Mental Disorders; Mental Health Services; Remission Induction
PubMed: 27381002
DOI: 10.1111/inm.12241 -
Trauma, Violence & Abuse Jul 2024Human trafficking leaves victims with long-term social, psychological, and health effects. Research in this area is still nascent, and there are limited studies that... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Human trafficking leaves victims with long-term social, psychological, and health effects. Research in this area is still nascent, and there are limited studies that show the effectiveness of existing services for survivors. This study fills the gaps in knowledge of the effectiveness of existing programs through a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Inclusion and exclusion criteria retained 15 studies using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses method, containing 16 populations. Included studies examined programs and/or interventions providing direct services to human trafficking survivors using quantitative pre- and post-intervention measurements published from January 2010 to June 2022. Outcomes among survivors were grouped into five categories: (a) mental health, (b) physical health, (c) social support or social behavior, (d) personal development, and (e) other. Roughly half ( = 31, 51.66%) of the outcomes across the 15 studies were statistically significant. Most measured constructs showed a moderate effect size (E.S.; = 31, 51.67%). In all, 21 constructs (27.91%) met high E.S. levels, and eight (13.33%) met the criteria for a low-level effect. Analyzing different intervention types, physical-based interventions represented the smallest subset and the largest mean effect size ( = 5, = 1.632, 95% CI [0.608, 2.655]) followed by standardized therapy ( = 23, = 1.111, 95% CI [0.624, 1.599]), wrap-around services ( = 14, = 0.594, 95% CI [0.241, 0.947]), and peer and support group modalities ( = 18, = 0.440, 95% CI [0.310, 0.571]). A meta-regression showed that non-U.S.-based interventions were significantly more effective than U.S.-based interventions ( = -2.25, = 0.025). While only 15 studies contributed to this analysis, the current study ushered in new avenues regarding future research, policies, and practice in services for survivors of human trafficking.
Topics: Humans; Human Trafficking; Survivors; Social Work; Social Support; Crime Victims; Female; Male
PubMed: 37897353
DOI: 10.1177/15248380231204885 -
Health & Social Care in the Community May 2022The ability to actively cope with cancer has been extensively associated with better patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This systematic review aims to synthesise the... (Review)
Review
The ability to actively cope with cancer has been extensively associated with better patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This systematic review aims to synthesise the available literature assessing the experience of cancer patients from racial-ethnic minoritised groups. Given the role of sociocontextual factors, greater emphasis was placed on the relationship between family communication and cancer patients' coping within the three largest racial-ethnic minority groups in the United States. Five databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science) were used to search for peer-reviewed empirical studies published between 2008 and 2021, investigating family communication patterns, coping, and well-being among Black/African American, Asian, and Hispanic/Latinx cancer survivors. Short reports, chapters, abstracts/summaries, systematic reviews, and conference proceedings were excluded. This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement (PRISMA). The Criteria for Critically Appraising Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses were used to assess the quality and risk of bias in the included studies. The synthesis process focused on study aims, methods, measures of interests, sample characteristics, data analysis, and study findings. A total of 117 articles were identified, of which 9 met the inclusion criteria. The selected articles were cross-sectional, implementing both quantitative and qualitative designs. Studies included breast, prostate, and mixed cancer types. Sample sizes of quantitative studies ranged from 64 to 338 respondents, while qualitative studies' samples ranged between 9 and 43 participants. Family communication and coping styles varied across minoritised groups, with open family communication contributing to effective individual and family coping. However, empirical evidence about the nature and contribution of family communication to the coping process is sparse. Future research is needed to increase knowledge and psychosocial assessment techniques and interventions targeting family communication and coping among minority communities.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Communication; Ethnic and Racial Minorities; Ethnicity; Humans; Male; Minority Groups; Neoplasms; United States
PubMed: 34716631
DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13623