-
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development Mar 2021Physiological cascades of neurotrophic factors and inflammatory cytokines may mediate the exercise-induced amelioration of cognition in older adults. However, there is... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Physiological cascades of neurotrophic factors and inflammatory cytokines may mediate the exercise-induced amelioration of cognition in older adults. However, there is limited understanding on how different exercise modalities improving cognition alter biomarkers. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of different exercise modalities on blood biomarker concentrations in cognitive clinical trials of older adults.
METHODS
A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) were performed using the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS. After exclusions, 17 trials with 18 distinct exercise interventions were included.
RESULTS
Aerobic training increased (n = 2) or did not significantly change BDNF (n = 5), and resistance training increased (n = 2) or did not significantly change (n = 2) IGF-1. Multimodal training significantly increased (n = 1) or did not change (n = 3) BDNF. Interventions that recruited sex-specific cohorts showed an advantage in males for blood marker concentrations and cognitive performance outcomes (n = 3) compared to females (n = 3). Only one of three interventions decreased concentrations of CRP. Eight studies examining BDNF changes were suited for MA and showed that higher BDNF concentrations were reached post intervention, although not reaching statistical significance (p = .26, I = 44 %).
DISCUSSION
Our results suggest that exercise has potential to ameliorate cognitive decline in older adults with divergent, modality-specific, neurotrophic mechanisms.
Topics: Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Biomarkers; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cognition; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Female; Healthy Aging; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Male; Middle Aged; Neurons
PubMed: 33422561
DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111431 -
BMC Women's Health Dec 2022At present, there are multiple hypotheses regarding the mechanisms underlying the effect of exercise on the postoperative inflammatory factors and the IGF system among... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
At present, there are multiple hypotheses regarding the mechanisms underlying the effect of exercise on the postoperative inflammatory factors and the IGF system among breast cancer patients, especially. To determine the underlying mechanisms, prevent the recurrence of breast cancer and improve its prognosis, this paper will systematically evaluate the impact of exercise on inflammatory factors and the IGF system in breast cancer survivors.
METHODS
The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP (Chinese scientific and technical journals) databases were systematically searched until April 2021. The search terms included 'exercise', 'inflammatory factor', 'IGF system' and 'breast cancer'. A total of 1066 relevant articles were retrieved. The articles were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, such as study population, intervention method and type of experiment, and 11 articles were ultimately included. All statistical results were analysed using STATA 14.0 and Rstudio 4.1.1.
RESULTS
We found that exercise significantly reduced the level of IGF-1 (WMD, -19.947 ng/ml; 95% CI, -22.669 to -17.225; P = 0.000). Subgroup analysis showed that in the studies with an intervention period > 12 weeks, exercise significantly reduced IL-6 levels (WMD, -0.761 pg/ml; 95% CI, -1.369 to -0.153; p = 0.014), while in the studies with an intervention period ≤ 12 weeks, exercise significantly reduced CRP (WMD, -2.381 mg/L; 95% CI, -4.835 to 0.073, P = 0.001) and IL-10 levels (WMD, -7.141 pg/ml, 95% CI, -10.853 to -3.428; P = 0.000). In addition, aerobic exercise plus resistance training significantly reduced IL-6 levels (WMD, -1.474 pg/ml; 95% CI, -1.653 to -1.296; P = 0.000). The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that after excluding the studies with high heterogeneity, exercise significantly reduced the TNF-α levels in patients with breast cancer (WMD, -1.399 pg/ml; 95% CI, -1.718 to -1.080; P = 0.000).
CONCLUSION
Exercise reduces the postoperative levels of IGF-1, IL-6, CRP, IL-10 and TNF-α among patients with breast cancer, which may have a significant impact on inhibiting breast cancer recurrence and improving its prognosis. Future studies should examine the effects of different durations and types of exercise to develop individualized exercise prescriptions for breast cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Cancer Survivors; Exercise; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Inflammation
PubMed: 36482346
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02058-5 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Sep 2021
Review
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Risk Factors
PubMed: 34816937
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210220 -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Jun 2020Calorie restriction (CR) and reductions in protein intake in rodents result in increased lifespan and reduced levels of IGF-1. However, the changes in IGF-1 in humans in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Calorie restriction (CR) and reductions in protein intake in rodents result in increased lifespan and reduced levels of IGF-1. However, the changes in IGF-1 in humans in response to CR and elevated protein intake are confused. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of Calorie restriction (CR) or increase in protein intake on IGF-1 in humans. The systematic review protocols have been developed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. Two separate systematic searches were undertaken: first for the effect of CR and second on the effect of increase in protein intake on IGF-1. PubMed, SCOPUS and ISI Web of Science databases were searched. In the meta-analysis of the calorie restriction studies, twelve studies met the inclusion criteria (8 clinical trials and 4 observational studies). The meta-analysis of both clinical trials and observational studies revealed no significant effect of CR on IGF-1 (clinical trials: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.002 ng/ml, 95% CI -0.14 to 0.14 ng/ml, p = 0.98; observational studies (SMD = -1.14 ng/ml, 95% CI -1.9 to -0.38 ng/ml, p = 0.003). In the meta-analysis of protein intake studies (six studies), a significant increase in circulating IGF-1 levels in response to increases in dietary protein was revealed (SMD = 0.4 ng/ml, 95% CI 0.18-0.61 ng/ml, p < 0.001). In conclusion, in humans, CR was not associated with a significant change in circulating IGF-1. However an increase in protein intake was associated with increased levels of circulating IGF-1. PROTOCOLS REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42017073149 for the protein intake meta-analysis and CRD42016046260 for CR meta-analysis.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Caloric Restriction; Dietary Proteins; Female; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Male; Middle Aged; Up-Regulation; Young Adult
PubMed: 31431306
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.07.030 -
Journal of Orthodontics Jun 2023To evaluate the relevant scientific literature to determine the association between different serum biomarker levels and radiographic skeletal maturity indicators. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the relevant scientific literature to determine the association between different serum biomarker levels and radiographic skeletal maturity indicators.
DATA SEARCH, SCREENING AND ELIGIBILITY
A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Science Direct and Opengrey.eu up to November 2021 and 7466 records were retrieved via the electronic search. Study selection, data extraction and subsequent risk of bias assessment (RoB) was carried out independently by two authors. In case of any discrepancy, a third author was consulted.
RESULTS
After the exclusion of duplicates and the application of inclusion exclusion criteria, 19 studies (published in 25 articles) were included in the systematic review out of which 17 had a cross-sectional and two had a cohort study design. For the meta-analysis, based on the homogeneity, five cross-sectional studies measuring serum IGF-1 levels were incorporated. The meta-analysis revealed that the serum IGF-1 levels peak at the CS4 stage (401.77 ng/mL [333.50 - 470.05]) in the pooled group. However, in the subgroup analysis, it was found that the serum IGF-1 levels peak at CS3 in girls (422.82 ng/mL [377.46-468.18]) and CS4 in boys (487.04 ng/mL [391.83-582.25]).
CONCLUSION
Among the various biomarkers evaluated, serum IGF-1 was the most associated with different stages of radiographic skeletal maturity indicators with its levels peaking at CS3 in girls and CS4 in boys.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Biomarkers
PubMed: 36062578
DOI: 10.1177/14653125221118934 -
PloS One 2024Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that can cause inflammation, demyelination, and axon... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that can cause inflammation, demyelination, and axon degeneration. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a single-chain polypeptide mainly synthesized in the liver and brain. IGF-1 causes neuronal and non-neuronal cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Therefore, it can be used in treating neuro-demyelinating diseases such as MS. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare the levels of IGF-1 in MS patients and healthy controls and also investigates IGF binding proteins (IGF-BP) and growth hormone (GH) levels between MS patients and healthy controls.
METHODS
In this study, we systematically searched electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Google Scholar, up to December 2022. Studies that measured IGF-1, GH, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, or IGFBP-3 in MS patients and healthy controls in either blood or cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) were identified. We calculated Standardized mean differences (SMD) to compare levels of IGF-1, GH, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, or IGFBP-3 in MS patients and controls.
RESULTS
Finally, we included 11 eligible studies from 1998 to 2018. The sample size of included studies varied from 20 to 200 resulting in a total sample size of 1067 individuals, 531 MS patients, and 536 healthy controls. The mean age of the patient and control groups were 38.96 and 39.38, respectively. The average EDSS among patients was 4.56. We found that blood levels of IGF-1 (SMD = 0.20, 95% CI = -0.20 to 0.59, I2 = 82.4%, K = 8, n = 692), CSF level of IGF-1 (SMD = 0.25, 95% CI = -0.06 to 0.56, I2 = 0.0%, K = 3 n = 164) and blood levels of GH were not significantly higher in MS patients than controls (SMD = 0.08, 95% CI = -0.33 to 0.49, I2 = 77.0% K = 3, n = 421). Moreover, the blood levels of IGFBP-1 (SMD = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.01 to 1.40, I2 = 77%, K = 4, n = 255) were significantly higher in MS cases than in controls. However, the blood levels of IGFBP-2 (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI = -0.34 to 1.21, I2 = 64.2%, K = 3, n = 78) and blood levels of IGFBP-3 (SMD = 1.04, 95% CI = -0.09 to 2.17, I2 = 95.6%, K = 6, n = 443) were not significantly higher in patients than controls.
CONCLUSION
Our meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in serum levels of IGF-1, GH, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 between the MS group and healthy controls, except for IGFBP1. However, our systematic review showed that the studies were controversial for IGFBP-3 serum levels. Some studies found an increase in serum level of IGFBP-3 in MS patients compared to the healthy group, while others showed a decrease.
Topics: Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; Multiple Sclerosis; Insulin-Like Peptides; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins
PubMed: 38630771
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297091 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Feb 2018Empty sella is the neuroradiological or pathological finding of an apparently empty sella turcica containing no pituitary tissue. The prevalence of primary empty sella,...
BACKGROUND
Empty sella is the neuroradiological or pathological finding of an apparently empty sella turcica containing no pituitary tissue. The prevalence of primary empty sella, i.e., empty sella without any discernible cause, is not precisely known; estimates range from 2% to 20%. Technical advances in neuroradiology have made empty sella an increasingly common incidental finding. It remains unclear whether, and to what extent, asymptomatic adult patients with an incidentally discovered empty sella should undergo diagnostic testing for hormonal disturbances.
METHODS
To answer this question, the authors carried out a systematic search in the PubMed and Web of Science databases for publications that appeared in the period 1995-2016 and that contained the search term "empty sella" (registration: PROSPERO 2015: CRD42015024550).
RESULTS
The search yielded 1282 hits. After the exclusion of duplicates, pediatric reports, case reports, and veterinary studies, 120 publications on primary empty sella syndrome (PES) were identified. 4 of these dealt with the prevalence of pituitary insufficiency in patients with PES as an incidental finding. Among patients with PES, the relative frequency of pituitary insufficiency in the pooled analysis was 52% (95% confidence interval [38; 65]).
CONCLUSION
The data on PES as an incidental finding are too sparse to enable any evidence-based recommendation on the potential indications for hormone testing or its nature and extent. We advise basic neuroendocrinological testing (fasting cortisol, free thyroxine [fT4], estradiol or testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1], and prolactin). There is an unexplained discrepancy between the reported high prevalence of pituitary insufficiency among persons with PES and its low prevalence in epidemiologic studies. We suspect that the former may be high because of selection bias in the publications that we reviewed, or else the latter may be erroneously low.
Topics: Empty Sella Syndrome; Endocrine System Diseases; Estradiol; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypopituitarism; Incidental Findings; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neuroradiography; Pituitary Gland; Prevalence; Prolactin; Testosterone; Thyroxine
PubMed: 29510819
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2018.0099 -
Endocrine Jun 2022In this review, epi/genetic mutations of IGF-axis components associated with growth disorders have been summarized alongwith assessment of relevant diagnostic and...
PURPOSE
In this review, epi/genetic mutations of IGF-axis components associated with growth disorders have been summarized alongwith assessment of relevant diagnostic and therapeutic technology through patent literature.
METHODOLOGY
PROSPERO protocol registration CRD42021279468. For scientific literature search Literature databases (PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) were queried using the appropriate syntax. Various filters were applied based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Search results were further refined by two authors for finalizing studies to be included in this synthesis. For patent documents search Patent databases (Patentscope and Espacenet) were queried using keywords: IGF or IGFBP. Filters were applied according to International Patent Classification (IPC) and Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC). Search results were reviewed by two authors for inclusion in the patent landscape report.
RESULTS
For scientific literature analysis, out of 545 search results, 196 were selected for review based on the inclusion criteria. For Patent literature search, out of 485 results, 37 were selected for this synthesis.
CONCLUSION
Dysregulation of IGF-axis components leads to various abnormalities and their key role in growth and development suggests epi/mutations or structural defects among IGF-axis genes can be associated with growth disorders and may explain some of the idiopathic short stature cases. Trend of patent filings indicate advent of recombinant technology for therapeutics.
Topics: Growth Disorders; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
PubMed: 35523998
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03063-2 -
Ageing Research Reviews Aug 2019Fasting and energy restricting diets have a potential means of delaying or preventing the onset of a range of age-related metabolic and neoplastic diseases. Consistently... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Fasting and energy restricting diets have a potential means of delaying or preventing the onset of a range of age-related metabolic and neoplastic diseases. Consistently at the centre of this effect appears to be a significant reduction in circulating IGF-1 levels. The aim of the current systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the influence of fasting and energy restriction on IGF-1 levels in human subjects.
METHODS
A comprehensive systematic search was conducted from onset of the database to February 2019 in Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, and SCOPUS to identify randomized clinical trials that investigating the impact of fasting or energy restriction circulating IGF-1 levels. Effect size was reported as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects models. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify the probable source of heterogeneity among trials.
RESULTS
Total pooling of fasting and energy restriction randomised controlled trials in WMD analysis revealed no significant effect on circulating IGF-1 levels (WMD: -16.41 ng/ml, 95% CI: -35.88, 3.07). Sub grouped analysis fasting regimens appeared to substantially reduce IGF-1 (WMD: -28.87 ng/ml, 95% CI: -43.69, -14.05, I = 00%), energy restricting regimens failed to do the same (WMD: -10.98 ng/ml, 95% CI: -33.08, 11.11, I = 90%). Within this final subgrouping, it was observed that only energy restriction regimens of 50% or greater of normal daily energy intake were capable of significantly reducing IGF-1 levels (WMD: -36.57 ng/ml, 95% CI: -59.19, -13.95, I = 00%). Finally, a meta regression were noted in which the percentage restriction of daily energy intake inversely correlated with plasma IGF-1 levels (p = 0.04).
CONCLUSION
This study uncovered that fasting significantly reduced levels of IGF-1, while energy restriction diets were successful only when intake was reduced by 50% or more.
Topics: Adult; Diet, Reducing; Fasting; Female; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Male; Middle Aged; Young Adult
PubMed: 31116995
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100910 -
Endocrine Jul 2019Long-acting growth hormone (GH) has been developed to address the noncompliance and decreased efficacy associated with daily GH injections. We aimed to evaluate the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Long-acting growth hormone (GH) has been developed to address the noncompliance and decreased efficacy associated with daily GH injections. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-acting GH replacement therapy in children with short stature.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the efficacy and safety of long-acting GH therapy in children with short stature in comparison with daily GH injections were searched in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A random-effect model was used to pool data using mean difference and odds ratios (OR). (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42018111105).
RESULTS
Seven relevant studies were finally included. Meta-analysis found there was no significant difference between high-dose long-acting GH and daily GH in terms of height velocity (HV) (mean difference (MD) = -0.10, 95% CI, -0.79 to 0.60, P = 0.79). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in height standard deviation scores (Ht SDS) between high-dose long-acting GH and daily GH (MD = -0.07, 95% CI, -0.18 to 0.03, P = 0.17). Treatment with high-dose long-acting GH significantly increased IGF-1 SDS when compared with daily GH (MD = 0.31, 95% CI, 0.06-0.56, P = 0.02). In safety assessment, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse events between high-dose long-acting GH and daily GH (OR 1.42, 95% CI, 0.65-3.11, P = 0.38).
CONCLUSIONS
There is no evidence to support differences in the effects of long-acting GH compared with those of daily GH. More RCTs that focus on the safety of high-dose long-acting GH treatment, especially the detection of adverse events caused by elevated levels of serum IGF-1, are needed in the future.
Topics: Body Height; Child; Delayed-Action Preparations; Growth Disorders; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Human Growth Hormone; Humans; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31119649
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01950-9