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Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in India. The secondary objective was to evaluate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in India. The secondary objective was to evaluate the prevalence rate according to the differences in gender, age, regions, type of TDI and risk factors associated with TDI.
METHODS
The PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINHAL, and Scopus databases, along with the Public Health Electronic Library, TRoPHI and DoPHER were searched from 1 March to 15April 2019 without any restriction of language and year of publication. The qualitative synthesis was done regarding the demographics, study methods, cause of trauma, geographic location, increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage. The meta-analysis was undertaken with STATA-14 software (USA). The pooled prevalence of TDI was calculated using data extracted from 48 studies included in qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. A sub-group meta-analysis was done by extraction of the data for age groups of 6 years and >6 years.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of TDI in Indian population was 13 cases in 100 individuals. The prevalence of TDI for age groups of ≤6 was 15% (males, 15%; females, 16%) and for >6 years was 12% (males, 13%; females, 8%). The most common cause of TDI was falls, and most frequent location was home. The odds ratio for occurrence of TDI and inadequate lip-coverage was 3.35 and overjet greater than 3 mm was 3.53.
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled prevalence of TDI was 13% and slightly higher in children less than 6 years of age. Inadequate lip coverage and increased overjet are the risk factors associated with TDI. Heterogeneity was observed among the studies in terms of design, variables recorded, sampling, study methods and statistical methods. Majority of them also suffered from moderate to high risk of bias.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Child; Female; Humans; India; Male; Overbite; Prevalence; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 33107464
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_953_19 -
BMJ Open Nov 2023This study aims to estimate the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) and to identify potential risk factors in the Ethiopian context. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to estimate the prevalence of neural tube defects (NTDs) and to identify potential risk factors in the Ethiopian context.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
STUDY PARTICIPANTS
A total of 611 064 participants were included in the review obtained from 42 studies.
METHODS
PubMed (Medline), Embase and Cochrane Library databases in combination with other potential sources of literature were systematically searched, whereby studies conducted between January 2010 and December 2022 were targeted in the review process. All observational studies were included and heterogeneity between studies was verified using Cochrane Q test statistics and I test statistics. Small study effects were checked using Egger's statistical test at a 5% significance level.
RESULT
The pooled prevalence of all NTDs per 10 000 births in Ethiopia was 71.48 (95% CI 57.80 to 86.58). The between-study heterogeneity was high (I= 97.49%, p<0.0001). Birth prevalence of spina bifida (33.99 per 10 000) was higher than anencephaly (23.70 per 10 000), and encephalocele (4.22 per 10 000). Unbooked antenatal care (AOR 2.26, 95% CI (1.30 to 3.94)), preconception intake of folic acid (AOR 0.41, 95% CI (0.26 to 0.66)), having chronic medical illness (AOR 2.06, 95% CI (1.42 to 2.99)), drinking alcohol (AOR 2.70, 95% CI (1.89 to 3.85)), smoking cigarette (AOR 2.49, 95% CI (1.51 to 4.11)), chewing khat (AOR 3.30, 95% CI (1.88 to 5.80)), exposure to pesticides (AOR 3.87, 95% CI (2.63 to 5.71)), maternal age ≥35 (AOR 1.90, 95% CI (1.13 to 3.25)), maternal low educational status (AOR 1.60, 95% CI (1.13 to 2.24)), residing in urban areas (AOR 0.75, 95% CI (0.58 to 0.97))and family history of NTDs (AOR 2.51, 95% CI (1.36 to 4.62)) were associated with NTD cases.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of NTDs in Ethiopia is seven times as high as in other Western countries where prevention measures are put in place. Heredity, maternal and environmental factors are associated with a high prevalence of NTDs. Mandatory fortification of staple food with folic acid should be taken as a priority intervention to curb the burden of NTDs. To smoothen and overlook the pace of implementation of mass fortification, screening, and monitoring surveillance systems should be in place along with awareness-raising measures.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42023413490.
Topics: Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Prevalence; Ethiopia; Neural Tube Defects; Folic Acid; Risk Factors; Food, Fortified
PubMed: 37940152
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077685 -
BMJ Open Mar 2022The prevalence of inter-nurse lateral violence (LV) reported in current studies is inconsistent, ranging from 7% to 83%. The purpose of this study is to quantify the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of inter-nurse lateral violence (LV) reported in current studies is inconsistent, ranging from 7% to 83%. The purpose of this study is to quantify the prevalence of LV in nurses' workplaces.
METHODS
Systematic review and meta-analysis. Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched for relevant studies (up to 27 January 2021). We included cross-sectional, case-control or cohort studies in which both abusers and victims were nurses. Studies that did not provide specific data on abusers were excluded. Stata V.16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Fixed-effect or random-effect model was adopted according to heterogeneity, which was evaluated by Cochran's Q and values. The main indicator was LV prevalence. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed to investigate the sources of heterogeneity.
RESULTS
A total of 14 studies with 6124 nurses were included. Further, 13 articles with 5745 nurses were included in the meta-analysis, and the pooled prevalence of LV among nurses was 33.08% (95% CI: 23.41% to 42.75%, p<0.05; =99.0%). The remaining one study containing 370 samples reported that the prevalence of inter-nurse LV was 7.92%. Subgroup analysis showed that region, sample size, sampling, study's quality, response rate and publication time might not be the sources of heterogeneity. Meta-regression indicated that sample size had the main influence on model heterogeneity. Egger's test showed the existence of publication bias (p=0.03).
DISCUSSION
The prevalence of inter-nurse LV is high in nurse workplace. It is suggested that scholars pay more attention to the cultural differences of inter-nurse LV between regions in the future. This study has the following limitations: there is a lack of studies on LV prevalence in many countries; lack of standard assessment tools; no grey literature was searched.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Nurses; Prevalence; Violence; Workplace
PubMed: 35351708
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054014 -
Physical Therapy in Sport : Official... May 2016To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and anatomical regions which are most frequently injured in ballet dancers. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
To determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and anatomical regions which are most frequently injured in ballet dancers.
METHODS
Published (AMED, CiNAHL, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, psycINFO, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library) and grey literature databases (OpenGrey, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Current Controlled Trials and the UK National Research Register Archive) were searched from their inception to 25th May 2015 for papers presenting data on injury prevalence in ballet dancers. Two reviewers independently identified all eligible papers, data extracted and critically appraised studies. Study appraisal was conducted using the CASP appraisal tool. Pooled prevalence data with 95% confidence intervals were estimated to determine period prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and anatomical regions affected.
RESULTS
Nineteen studies were eligible, reporting 7332 injuries in 2617 ballet dancers. The evidence was moderate in quality. Period prevalence of musculoskeletal injury was 280% (95% CI: 217-343%). The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders included: hamstring strain (51%), ankle tendinopathy (19%) and generalized low back pain (14%). No papers explored musculoskeletal disorders in retired ballet dancers.
CONCLUSIONS
Whilst we have identified which regions and what musculoskeletal disorders are commonly seen ballet dancers. The long-term injury impact of musculoskeletal disorders in retired ballet dancers remains unknown.
Topics: Dancing; Humans; Musculoskeletal System; Prevalence
PubMed: 27080110
DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2015.12.007 -
BMJ Open Apr 2023This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive frailty among older adults in China. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cognitive frailty among older adults in China.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS
We searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Literature and Weipu (VIP) databases to collect information on the epidemiology of cognitive frailty among older adults in China. The study period was from the establishment of the database to March 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata V.15.0.
RESULTS
We screened 522 records, of which 28 met the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of cognitive frailty among older adults in China was 15%(95%CI (0.13%,0.17%)). The prevalence of cognitive frailty was higher in hospitals and nursing homes than in communities. Moreover, the prevalence of cognitive frailty was higher in women than in men. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of cognitive frailty in North China Hospital, older adults aged≥80 years, and illiterate individuals were 25%, 29%, and 55%, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, in China, the prevalence of cognitive frailty is higher among older adults, is higher in women than in men, is higher in hospitals and nursing homes than in communities, and is higher in North China than other regions. Moreover, the higher the educational level, the lower the prevalence of cognitive frailty. Multimodal interventions for cognitive frailty, including increased exercise, nutritional support, increased socialisation opportunities and multifactorial strategies, may be effective in preventing cognitive frailty. These findings have important implications for adjusting healthcare and social care systems.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42023390486.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Aged; Frailty; Prevalence; Nursing Homes; China; Cognition
PubMed: 37076151
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066630 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2023Depression and anxiety are common in patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS), occurring at significantly elevated rates. Together, these depressive symptoms... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Depression and anxiety are common in patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS), occurring at significantly elevated rates. Together, these depressive symptoms and anxiety have a substantial negative impact on individuals with ACS. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression among patients with ACS. A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies were carried out. A comprehensive search of five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect) was performed until August 2, 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute statistical meta-analysis review instrument. The collected data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed with the R program version 4.2.3. A total of 3103 articles were evaluated, and, after the evaluation process, eight studies were included, for a total sample of 1642 participants. The pooled prevalence of mild depression was 14% (95% CI: 06%-23%; I= 95%), moderate was 12% (95% CI: 06%-19%; I= 92%), and high/severe was 15% (95% CI: 05%-30%; I= 97%). The joint prevalence of mild anxiety was 38% (95% CI: 12%-68%; I= 98%), moderate anxiety was 17% (95% CI: 08%-29%; I= 89%), and high/severe anxiety was 10% (95% CI: 01%-25%; I=95%). Therefore, it is concluded that there is a significant prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with ACS. However, more research focused on this area is required to obtain more robust and substantial evidence.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Acute Coronary Syndrome; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anxiety
PubMed: 38405089
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.91.41792 -
Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2022According to published reports from the World Health Organization, it is estimated that more than 3% of the world's population is infected with HCV. Given the impact of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
According to published reports from the World Health Organization, it is estimated that more than 3% of the world's population is infected with HCV. Given the impact of various factors on the prevalence of HCV in the world's population and the lack of general statistics around the world, this study aims to review the studies conducted in this field and statistical analysis of the results of general statistical studies on the prevalence of HCV in the world population.
METHODS
In this study, systematic review and meta-analysis of information of the studies related to the prevalence of HCV in the world using keywords including: Prevalence, HCV, Hepatitis C, Healthy Population, Healthy subjects, and General Population in SID, MagIran, IranMedex, IranDoc, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) databases and Google Scholar search engine were extracted without time limit until April 2020. In order to perform the analysis of qualified studies, the model of random effects was used, and the inconsistency of studies with I index was investigated. Data analysis was performed with Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (Version 2).
RESULTS
In a study of 98 studies with a total sample size of 236,964 people in the world, the overall prevalence of HCV was 1.8% (95% CI: 1.4%-2.3%). Also, according to the subgroup analysis in different continents; the highest prevalence of HCV in the African continent was 7.1% (95% CI: 4.4-11.5%).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study show that the prevalence of hepatitis C in the world's population, especially in Africa, is almost high. Therefore, the officials of the World Health Organization should design measures to prevent the spread of this infection.
Topics: Africa; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Humans; Prevalence
PubMed: 35007756
DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102255 -
International Endodontic Journal Nov 2022The prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT) worldwide will inform about the amount of clinical activity of dentists dedicated to treat endodontic disease. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT) worldwide will inform about the amount of clinical activity of dentists dedicated to treat endodontic disease.
OBJECTIVES
To carry out a systematic review with meta-analysis answering the following question: What is the prevalence of RFT around the world? The percentage of people with at least one RFT was also investigated.
METHODS
A systematic review including population-based studies using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo. Studies related to prevalence of RFT were included. The outcome of interest of the study was the prevalence of RFT. The meta-analyses were calculated with the Open Meta Analyst software to determine the global prevalence of RFT. Subgroups analyses were performed comparing geographical distribution, radiographic method and year of the study (classified in 20th or 21th century). The prevalence of people with at least one RFT was also analysed.
RESULTS
Seventy-four population-based studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight, forty-four and two studies reported high, moderate and low risk of bias, respectively. No obvious publication bias was observed. Prevalence of RFT was estimated with 1 201 255 teeth and 32 162 patients. The calculated worldwide prevalence of RFT was 8.2% (95% CI = 7.3%-9.1%; p < .001). The global prevalence of people with at least one RFT was 55.7% (95% CI = 49.6%-61.8%; p < .001). In 20th century, the prevalence of RFT was 10.2% (95% CI = 7.9%-12.5%; p < .001), whereas in the 21st century the overall calculated prevalence of RFT was 7.5% (95% CI = 6.5%-8.6%; p < .001). Brazilian people (12%) and the European population (9.3%) showed the highest prevalence of RFT. In Europe, 59.6% (95% CI = 52.4%-66.8%) of people has at least one RFT.
CONCLUSIONS
This review showed that root canal treatment is a very common therapy throughout the world. More than half of the studied population have at least one RFT. A limitation of the present study is that most of the studies did not consider random sampling for population selection.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO Systematic review registration number: (CRD42022329053).
Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Diseases; Humans; Prevalence; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Therapy
PubMed: 36016509
DOI: 10.1111/iej.13822 -
Evidence-based Mental Health May 2021Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities. Some studies... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities. Some studies suggest increased prevalence of bipolar disorder (BD) in MS.
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the prevalence of BD in adults with MS.
METHODS
We registered this review with PROSPERO and searched electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Central, Embase, PsycINFO and Scopus) for eligible studies from earliest inception to October 2020. Prevalence data of BD in adult patients with MS were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using random-effects model.
FINDINGS
Of the 802 articles that were screened, 23 studies enrolling a total of 68 796 patients were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence rate of BD in patients with MS was 2.95% (95% CI 2.12% to 4.09%) with higher prevalence in the Americas versus Europe. The lifetime prevalence of BD was 8.4% in patients with MS. Subgroup analysis showed a higher prevalence of BD in MS in females (7.03%) than in males (5.64%), which did not reach statistical significance (p=0.53).
CONCLUSIONS
This meta-analysis suggests a high lifetime prevalence of BD in patients with MS. Patients with MS should be routinely screened for BD. Further assessment of bipolar comorbidity in MS through prospective studies may help in developing effective management strategies and may improve treatment outcomes in patients with MS.
Topics: Adult; Bipolar Disorder; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Male; Multiple Sclerosis; Prevalence; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 33328183
DOI: 10.1136/ebmental-2020-300207 -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) Jun 2021Obesity has numerous etiologies and includes biological factors. Studies have demonstrated that the human adenovirus subtype 36 (Adv36) is an adipogenic agent and causes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Obesity has numerous etiologies and includes biological factors. Studies have demonstrated that the human adenovirus subtype 36 (Adv36) is an adipogenic agent and causes metabolic alterations. Study results on the prevalence of Adv36 and clinical effects in humans vary substantially. This was a systematic review to summarize the studies on the prevalence of Adv36 infection and its association with human obesity.
METHODS
A systematic literature review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Observational or experimental studies found in the Medline, Embase, LILACS, Science Direct and SciELO databases that presented results on the prevalence of Adv36 in humans were included.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven studies were screened. A total of 10,300 adults aged 18-70 years and 4585 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years were assessed. The average prevalence of Adv36 among adults was 22.9%, ranging from 5.5% to 49.8%. Among children and adolescents, the average prevalence of Adv36 was 28.9%, ranging from 7.5% to 73.9%. There was a positive statistical relationship between Adv36 and weight gain, obesity, or metabolic changes in 31 studies. However, in four studies there was no association with obesity, and in one, no association was described. One of the studies showed an inverse correlation, i.e., Adv36 was a protective factor against obesity.
CONCLUSION
Strong evidence suggested a positive association between viral infection and obesity. However, due to the multi-causality of obesity and heterogeneity of studies, diagnostic tests should be standardized and easily accessible by the population to estimate the overall prevalence of Adv36 infection and its association with obesity.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prevalence; Young Adult
PubMed: 33753885
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00805-6