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Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2015Hemangioperycytoma is a rare perivascular tumor that seldom involves the urogenital system. This tumor often appears with an unspecific clinical picture, and sometimes... (Review)
Review
Hemangioperycytoma is a rare perivascular tumor that seldom involves the urogenital system. This tumor often appears with an unspecific clinical picture, and sometimes is associated with hematuria or hypertension. Diagnosis is based on a combination of histological and immunohistological findings. We report a case of a 52-year-old patient with renal hemangiopericytoma who underwent surgical treatment at our service. This report also includes a literature review on the subject.
Topics: Female; Hemangiopericytoma; Hemoglobins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Kidney Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Mitotic Index; Nephrectomy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25946050
DOI: 10.1590/S1679-45082015RC2793 -
Virchows Archiv : An International... Feb 2022Slug is a transcription factor belonging to the slug/snail superfamily. The protein is involved in embryonic development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumors....
Slug is a transcription factor belonging to the slug/snail superfamily. The protein is involved in embryonic development and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumors. Slug is also under temporal regulation during cell cycle. Here, we examined relationship between pSlug (site-specific phosphorylation) and the cell cycle, and checked whether its phosphorylation level reflects mitotic activity in tissue specimens. Cell cycle analysis was performed after cell synchronization. To evaluate pSlug identifying mitotic figures, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) for pSlug in various formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues; in addition, mitotic counts were compared with those in sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and IHC for PHH3, a mitotic marker. We found that the level of pSlug protein increased specifically at M phase and decreased at the G1/S phases in vitro. In almost all tested tissues, nuclear stain of pSlug was identified in the cell with mitotic figures. There was no significant difference in mitotic counts between HE- and pSlug-stained sections. In conclusion, pSlug may be a novel and practical immunohistochemical marker for detecting mitotic figures in human tissues.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Eosine Yellowish-(YS); Hematoxylin; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mitosis; Mitotic Index; Phosphorylation; Pilot Projects; Snail Family Transcription Factors
PubMed: 34510267
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03201-7 -
Neuro-oncology May 2015
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Female; Histones; Humans; Male; Meningioma; Mitosis; Mitotic Index
PubMed: 25813470
DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov047 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Dec 2021Gastrointestinal tract stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract (GIS). GISTs may cause significant morbidity and...
BACKGROUND
Gastrointestinal tract stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract (GIS). GISTs may cause significant morbidity and mortality rates.
AIM
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate 10 years of gastric GIST cases followed in our hospital, and to analyze the prognostic factors.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
In this single-center retrospective study, a total of 64 patients who were operated between May 2010 and May 2020 due to gastric GIST tumor were reviewed. Clinical and pathological features, risk classifications, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated.
RESULTS
According to the risk classification, 18.8% of the patients were in the high-risk group. The overall 5-year OS and DFS rates were 85.7%. The mean OS of the patients was 47.9 SD36.2 months, and the duration of DFS was 45.5 months. Patients with a 5-year OS rate above 5 cm in diameter (P = 0.024), with a mitotic index above 5/50 high power field (HPF) (P = 0.038), and those with a high-risk group (P = 0.011) were significantly lower than the other group. In the correlation analysis, it was found that tumor diameter correlated significantly with OS (P = 0.034; r = -0.317). Tumor diameter and mitotic index were found to be inversely correlated with DFS duration (P = 0.004; r = -0.425 and P = 0.035; r = -0.316, respectively).
CONCLUSION
Our findings showed that in gastric GIST cases, as the primary tumor diameter and mitotic index increase, correlate with survival rates and the mean overall and disease-free survival times decrease.
Topics: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Humans; Mitotic Index; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Stomach
PubMed: 34889786
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_558_20 -
Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi = Chinese... May 2021To study the clinicopathological features of adrenocortical oncocytic tumors (ACOT) and to compare the diagnostic values of Lin-Weiss-Bisceglia (LWB) score and Helsinki...
To study the clinicopathological features of adrenocortical oncocytic tumors (ACOT) and to compare the diagnostic values of Lin-Weiss-Bisceglia (LWB) score and Helsinki score. Forty-four cases of ACOT diagnosed at Beijing Friendship Hospital, China from March 2008 to July 2019 were histologically analyzed to evaluate their malignant potential (benign versus malignant) according to two scoring criteria. Immunohistochemical studies (EnVision method) were also used. There were 23 males and 21 females with an average age of 46 years. Histologically, the tumor cells were arranged in trabecular, chrysanthemum-shaped, glandular and microcapsule structures, while clear cells were rare or absent. Most of the tumor cells were moderately atypical, and intranuclear inclusion bodies were conspicuous. Immunohistochemical staining showed that tumor cells were positive for Melan A, inhibin, Syn and calretinin. The average proliferation index was 3% in benign ACOT, about 5% in ACOT of malignant potential, and>20% in malignant ACOT. According to the LWB score, 61.4% (27/44) of the tumors were on the left side and had multiple lesions. The percentage of benign ACOT was 59.1% (26/44), malignant potential 6.8% (3/44), malignant 34.1% (15/44), respectively. Among the 15 malignant ACOT, the mitotic figures>5/50 HPF were found in 13 cases, necrosis in 11 cases and capsule invasion in 10 cases. According to the Helsinki score, 65.9% (29/44) of the tumors were benign, and 34.1% (15/44) were malignant. There was no significant difference between the two scoring standards (0.05). During the follow-up of 9 to 144 months, 31 patients survived without disease and 13 patients relapsed or had metastasis. ACOT more likely be benign than malignant. The left side is more common. Malignant tumors are prone to recurrence and metastasis. The morphological parameters (high mitotic index, necrosis, and capsular invasion) in the LWB scoring standards combined with immunohistochemical parameters (Ki-67) in the Helsinki score are helpful for the diagnosis of malignant ACOT and are important predictors of poor prognosis.
Topics: Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms; Biomarkers, Tumor; China; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitotic Index; Necrosis; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial
PubMed: 33915658
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20210209-00142 -
Virchows Archiv : An International... Jan 2024Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is diagnosed and graded using a range of histological features, making grading subjective and challenging. Mitotic counting and...
Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is diagnosed and graded using a range of histological features, making grading subjective and challenging. Mitotic counting and phosphohistone-H3 (PHH3) staining have been used for the prognostication of various malignancies; however, their importance in OED remains unexplored. This study conducts a quantitative analysis of mitotic activity in OED using both haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained slides and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for PHH3. Specifically, the diagnostic and prognostic importance of mitotic number, mitotic type and intra-epithelial location is evaluated. Whole slide images (WSI) of OED (n = 60) and non-dysplastic tissue (n = 8) were prepared for analysis. Five-year follow-up data was collected. The total number of mitosis (TNOM), mitosis type and intra-epithelial location was manually evaluated on H&E images and a digital mitotic count performed on PHH3-stained WSI. Statistical associations between these features and OED grade, malignant transformation and OED recurrence were determined. Mitosis count increased with grade severity (H&E: p < 0.005; IHC: p < 0.05), and grade-based differences were seen for mitosis type and location (p < 0.05). The ratio of normal-to-abnormal mitoses was higher in OED (1.61) than control (1.25) and reduced with grade severity. TNOM, type and location were better predictors when combined with histological grading, with the most prognostic models demonstrating an AUROC of 0.81 for transformation and 0.78 for recurrence, exceeding conventional grading. Mitosis quantification and PHH3 staining can be an adjunct to conventional H&E assessment and grading for the prediction of OED prognosis. Validation on larger multicentre cohorts is needed to establish these findings.
Topics: Humans; Histones; Prognosis; Mitotic Index; Biomarkers, Tumor; Neoplasm Grading; Mitosis; Phosphorylation
PubMed: 37882821
DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03668-6 -
Polish Journal of Pathology : Official... Jun 2015The study represents a comprehensive retrospective morphological and immunohistochemical profiling of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) in order to reveal the...
The study represents a comprehensive retrospective morphological and immunohistochemical profiling of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) in order to reveal the associations between morphological and molecular parameters. The local tumour spread (T), presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes (N) and distant organs (M), tumour grade (G) and resection line status (R) by pathology findings (pTNMGR), mitotic activity, perineural, vascular and lymphatic invasion were assessed in 16 surgically resected PNENs. By immunohistochemistry, expression of Ki-67, p53, p27, p21, cyclin D1, Bcl-2, E-cadherin, CD44, vimentin, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), microvascular density, and cytokeratin (CK) spectrum, along with neuroendocrine, intestinal and squamous markers were detected. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Spearman's rank correlation, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis methods were applied; p<0.05 was considered significant. Ki-67, CK19, p63, vimentin and COX-2 were significantly up-regulated in PNENs in comparison to benign pancreatic islets. A complex network of morphological and molecular associations was identified. Ki-67 correlated with PNEN size (p=0.022), the World Health Organization 2004 and 2010 classification grades (p=0.021 and p=0.002), stage (p=0.028) and mitotic count (p=0.007) but among molecular markers--with CK19 (p=0.033) and vimentin (p=0.045). CK19 was significantly up-regulated in PNENs, having higher pT (p=0.018), pR (p=0.025), vascular (p=0.020), perineural (p=0.026) and lymphatic invasion (p=0.043). In conclusion, proliferation activity (by Ki-67), E-cadherin, vimentin and CK19 are important molecular characteristics of PNENs due to significant associations with morphological tumour characteristics, pTNMGR and invasive growth.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Cell Proliferation; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Mitotic Index; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Predictive Value of Tests; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26247532
DOI: 10.5114/pjp.2015.53015 -
Annals of Surgical Oncology Dec 2016Most patients with melanoma have a thin (≤1.00 mm) lesion. There is uncertainty as to which patients with thin melanoma should undergo sentinel lymph node (SN)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Most patients with melanoma have a thin (≤1.00 mm) lesion. There is uncertainty as to which patients with thin melanoma should undergo sentinel lymph node (SN) biopsy. We sought to quantify the proportion of SN metastases in patients with thin melanoma and to determine the pooled effect of high-risk features of the primary lesion on SN positivity.
METHODS
Published literature between 1980 and 2015 was searched and critically appraised. Primary outcome was the proportion of SN metastases in patients with thin cutaneous melanoma. Secondary outcomes included the effect of high-risk pathological features of the primary lesion on the proportion of SN metastases. Summary measures were estimated by Mantel-Haenszel method using random effects meta-analyses.
RESULTS
Sixty studies (10,928 patients) met the criteria for inclusion. Pooled SN positivity was 4.5 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 3.8-5.2 %]. Predictors of a positive SN were: thickness ≥0.75 mm [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.90 (95 % CI 1.08-3.34); with a likelihood of SN metastases of 8.8 % (95 % CI 6.4-11.2 %)]; Clark level IV/V [AOR 2.24 (95 % CI 1.23-4.08); with a likelihood of 7.3 % (95 % CI 6.2-8.4 %)]; ≥1 mitoses/mm [AOR 6.64 (95 % CI 2.77-15.88); pooled likelihood 8.8 % (95 % CI 6.2-11.4 %)]; and the presence of microsatellites [unadjusted OR 6.94 (95 % CI 2.13-22.60); likelihood 26.6 % (95 % CI 4.3-48.9 %)].
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled proportion of SN metastases in thin melanoma is 4.5 %. Thickness ≥0.75 mm, Clark level IV/V, mitoses, and microsatellites significantly increased the odds of SN positivity and should prompt strong consideration of SN biopsy.
Topics: Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Melanoma; Mitotic Index; Patient Selection; Risk Factors; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Skin Neoplasms; Tumor Burden
PubMed: 26932710
DOI: 10.1245/s10434-016-5137-z -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Jul 2016Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP NETs) are classified according to tumour mitotic count or Ki-67 labelling index (LI). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP NETs) are classified according to tumour mitotic count or Ki-67 labelling index (LI).
AIMS
To systematically review articles reporting the prognosis of patients by Ki-67 LI and thereby improve the ability of clinicians to prognosticate for their patients.
METHOD
265 abstracts were identified relating Ki-67 and survival. After exclusion criteria were applied, 22 articles remained. Articles were excluded if they described non-human specimens, were non-English language, published prior to 2000, reported non-GEP NETs, reported subgroups selected by treatment modality or included <20 cases. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to combine studies to estimate survival proportions.
RESULTS
Authors used varied methods in which to present 5-year survival, with often limited survival information. This reduced the number of studies that could be included in the meta-analysis. 5-year survival for patients with grade 1 and 2 GEP NETs were estimated to be 89% (95% CI 85% to 92%, m=12 studies, n=977 participants) and 70% (95% CI 62% to 79%, m=9, n=726), respectively. Using an alternative grade 1/2 boundary of 5%, 5-year survival rates for Ki-67≤5% and 5-20% were estimated as 89% (95% CI 84% to 94%, m=7, n=654) and 51% (95% CI 44% to 59%, m=4, n=183), respectively. For Ki-67>20%, 5-year survival was estimated to be 25% (95% CI 12% to 38%, m=10, n=208).
CONCLUSIONS
Standardisation of grade boundaries has allowed us to combine data from multiple studies and amass a body of evidence linking Ki-67 and survival.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Disease-Free Survival; Humans; Ki-67 Antigen; Mitotic Index; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Prognosis; Survival Rate
PubMed: 26680267
DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203340 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Apr 2021The rampant use of pesticides can cause serious environmental problems. They can be contaminating surface water and groundwater, affecting the surrounding micro and...
The rampant use of pesticides can cause serious environmental problems. They can be contaminating surface water and groundwater, affecting the surrounding micro and macro biota. In this sense, this work aimed to evaluate the effects of a tebuconazole-based fungicide through endpoints accessed in Lactuca sativa bioassays. Germinated-seeds with roots upon 2 mm were treated with a fungicide containing Tebuconazole (TBZ) as active compound. The final concentration of TBZ in the tested solutions were 0.025 (C1); 0.05 (C2); 0.1 (C3); 0.2 (C4) and 0.4 g/L (C5). L. sativa roots were exposed for 24 h to these solutions and Petri dishes containing the treated seeds were kept in incubation chamber at 24 °C. Two positive controls (PC,) the herbicide trifluralin (0.84 mg/L) and Methanesulfonate (4 ×10 mol/L), were applied. Distilled water was negative control (NC). The following endpoints were analyzed: root growth (RG), cytogenotoxic potential by cell cycle analysis, induction of DNA damage through TUNEL and comet assays. The obtained data were submitted to one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) and then to Tukey or Kruskal Wallis (P < 0.05) tests. The concentrations (C1, C2, C4 and C5) affected negatively the RG of L. sativa, in comparison with the NC. The mitotic index was reduced by 25% from NC to C1 and in the rest of treatments it did not present significant modifications. However, from C3 to C5 great amount of chromosome alterations were observed, in comparison with the NC. TBZ-based fungicide also induced DNA fragmentation as measured by TUNEL and comet assays. Thus, TBZ-based fungicide in some concentrations can have phytotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in roots and meristematic cells of L. sativa.
Topics: Biological Assay; Chromosome Aberrations; Comet Assay; DNA Damage; Fungicides, Industrial; Germination; Herbicides; Lactuca; Meristem; Mitotic Index; Plant Roots; Seeds; Toxicogenetics; Triazoles
PubMed: 33578099
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111985