-
BMJ Case Reports Jun 2020There are less than 150 cases of non-functioning retroperitoneal abdominal schwannoma (NRS) reported. Hormonal assay is crucial in confirming the diagnosis of NRS, as...
There are less than 150 cases of non-functioning retroperitoneal abdominal schwannoma (NRS) reported. Hormonal assay is crucial in confirming the diagnosis of NRS, as manipulation of a functional retroperitoneal paraganglioma will instigate an abrupt liberation of catecholamines, resulting in devastating consequences. We report the case of 42-year-old woman who presented with headache, night sweats and abdominal discomfort. Cross-sectional imaging demonstrated a retroperitoneal mass adherent to the aorta and inferior vena cava but biochemical testing of blood and urine was negative for metanephrines and normetanephrines. She underwent successful tumour resection via laparotomy, as location increased the complexity and risk of laparoscopic resection.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Adult; Female; Humans; Neurilemmoma; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms
PubMed: 32554461
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-233371 -
Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR Apr 2020
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Pelvic Neoplasms
PubMed: 32446426
DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2020.03.002 -
Radiographics : a Review Publication of... 2020A broad range of abdominal and pelvic tumors can manifest with or develop intraluminal venous invasion. Imaging features at cross-sectional modalities and... (Review)
Review
A broad range of abdominal and pelvic tumors can manifest with or develop intraluminal venous invasion. Imaging features at cross-sectional modalities and contrast-enhanced US that allow differentiation of tumor extension within veins from bland thrombus include the expansile nature of tumor thrombus and attenuation and enhancement similar to those of the primary tumor. Venous invasion is a distinctive feature of hepatocellular carcinoma and renal cell carcinoma with known prognostic and treatment implications; however, this finding remains an underrecognized characteristic of multiple other malignancies-including cholangiocarcinoma, adrenocortical carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and primary venous leiomyosarcoma-and can be a feature of benign tumors such as renal angiomyolipoma and uterine leiomyomatosis. Recognition of tumor venous invasion at imaging has clinical significance and management implications for a range of abdominal and pelvic tumors. For example, portal vein invasion is a strong negative prognostic indicator in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In patients with rectal cancer, diagnosis of extramural venous invasion helps predict local and distant recurrence and is associated with worse survival. The authors present venous invasion by vascular distribution and organ of primary tumor origin with review of typical imaging features. Common pitfalls and mimics of neoplastic thrombus, including artifacts and anatomic variants, are described to help differentiate these findings from tumor in vein. By accurately diagnosing tumor venous invasion, especially in tumors where its presence may not be a typical feature, radiologists can help referring clinicians develop the best treatment strategies for their patients. RSNA, 2020.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Prognosis; Vascular Neoplasms
PubMed: 33064623
DOI: 10.1148/rg.2020200047 -
Clinical Radiology Feb 2021The utility of tumour biomarkers has increased considerably in the era of personalised medicine and individualised therapy in oncology. Biomarkers may be prognostic or... (Review)
Review
The utility of tumour biomarkers has increased considerably in the era of personalised medicine and individualised therapy in oncology. Biomarkers may be prognostic or predictive, and only a handful of markers are currently US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved for clinical use. Tumour markers have a wide array of uses such as screening, establishing a differential diagnosis, assessing risk, prognosis, and treatment response, as well as monitoring disease status. Major overlap exists between biomarkers and their associated pathologies; therefore, despite suggestive imaging features, establishing a differential diagnosis may be challenging for the radiologist. We review common biomarkers that are of interest to radiologists such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and carbohydrate or cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), as well as their associated malignant and non-malignant pathologies. We also present relevant case examples from our practice.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Biomarkers, Tumor; Diagnostic Imaging; Humans; Pelvic Neoplasms
PubMed: 32861463
DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.07.033 -
The Surgical Clinics of North America Jun 2020Soft tissue tumors of the abdomen and retroperitoneum encompass a wide range of benign and malignant neoplasms. Retroperitoneal sarcomas, the most common, are composed... (Review)
Review
Soft tissue tumors of the abdomen and retroperitoneum encompass a wide range of benign and malignant neoplasms. Retroperitoneal sarcomas, the most common, are composed of rare malignancies with numerous histiotypes. Surgery remains the cornerstone of treatment and the only curative option for retroperitoneal sarcomas. With histiotype-dependent local and distant recurrences, it is imperative these cases are discussed in a multidisciplinary tumor board setting at specialized sarcoma centers. This review discusses the current evidence for the management of abdominal and retroperitoneal soft tissue tumors, with particular focus on retroperitoneal sarcomas and desmoid tumors.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Combined Modality Therapy; Fibromatosis, Aggressive; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Intersectoral Collaboration; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 32402307
DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2020.02.011 -
Cancer Metastasis Reviews Dec 2019Abdominal tumors (AT) in children account for approximately 17% of all pediatric solid tumor cases, and frequently exhibit embryonal histological features that... (Review)
Review
Abdominal tumors (AT) in children account for approximately 17% of all pediatric solid tumor cases, and frequently exhibit embryonal histological features that differentiate them from adult cancers. Current molecular approaches have greatly improved the understanding of the distinctive pathology of each tumor type and enabled the characterization of novel tumor biomarkers. As seen in abdominal adult tumors, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been increasingly implicated in either the initiation or progression of childhood cancer. Moreover, besides predicting patient prognosis, they represent valuable diagnostic tools that may also assist the surveillance of tumor behavior and treatment response, as well as the identification of the primary metastatic sites. Thus, the present study was undertaken to compile up-to-date information regarding the role of dysregulated miRNAs in the most common histological variants of AT, including neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, hepatocarcinoma, and adrenal tumors. Additionally, the clinical implications of dysregulated miRNAs as potential diagnostic tools or indicators of prognosis were evaluated.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Animals; Child; Humans; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 31848768
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09829-x -
Pediatric and Developmental Pathology :... 2017Angiosarcomas are highly aggressive malignancies of vascular origin and are very rarely found in children. We report a case of a 13-year-old girl with a history of... (Review)
Review
Angiosarcomas are highly aggressive malignancies of vascular origin and are very rarely found in children. We report a case of a 13-year-old girl with a history of abdominal pain and increased abdominal girth. Radiologic imaging showed significant ascites and large pelvic masses involving bilateral adnexa with abdominal spread. Microscopic examination of a biopsy revealed pleomorphic epithelioid and spindle cells with brisk mitotic activity, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, vascular channels, and large areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed strong and diffuse positivity for CD31, D2-40, ERG, FLI-1, and focally for CD34, vWF, and EMA. The diagnosis of metastatic angiosarcoma was rendered. The patient was treated aggressively with systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, cytoreductive surgery, and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, with a favorable response after 1-year follow-up. Angiosarcoma should be considered when encountering a vascular tumor with pleomorphism, brisk mitotic activity, and necrosis. Immunohistochemistry studies are necessary for proper diagnosis.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Adolescent; Female; Hemangiosarcoma; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Pelvic Neoplasms
PubMed: 28326959
DOI: 10.1177/1093526616686007 -
Der Chirurg; Zeitschrift Fur Alle... Mar 2016Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors that originate from mesenchymal tissue. Radical R0 resection is the only curative option, which is especially... (Review)
Review
Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors that originate from mesenchymal tissue. Radical R0 resection is the only curative option, which is especially challenging in retroperitoneal or intra-abdominal sarcomas. This article describes the current data on optimal interdisciplinary and primarily surgical therapy of visceral sarcomas. Surgical resection of retroperitoneal sarcomas must be performed according to the principle of radical compartmental resection, i.e. with complete excision of the mass along with en bloc visceral resection of adjacent organs and tissues covering the tumor, which also contains any not obviously infiltrated neighboring organs. The main objective is R0 resection without opening the tumor capsule in the primary operation because the best long-term results can be achieved with this approach.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Intersectoral Collaboration; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms; Sarcoma
PubMed: 26920140
DOI: 10.1007/s00104-016-0156-7 -
Annali Italiani Di Chirurgia 2021Intraabdominal schwannomas are rare benign tumors. In this study, we aimed to present our clinical experience in patients with intrabdominally located Schwannoma.
OBJECTIVE
Intraabdominal schwannomas are rare benign tumors. In this study, we aimed to present our clinical experience in patients with intrabdominally located Schwannoma.
MATERIAL-METHOD
Patients who received the diagnosis of intrabdominal schwannoma between 2011-2019 were retrospectively examined. Demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment methods, short- and long-term results and immunohistochemical characteristics of the patients were analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 7 patients were included in the study. Four patients were female and three were male. The mean age was 51.5 (31-63) years. The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain (57.1%). Tumor location was stomach (n=2), pelvic region (n=2), rectum (n=1), retropancreas (n=1), and left juxtadrenal space (n=1). Postoperative wound infection developed in one patient and pancreatic fistula complication was seen in one patient. Re-admissions to the hospital were due to anemia and pleural effusion in two patients. The mean tumor diameter was 6 cm (0.3-13 cm). All patients were S 100 strongly positive Mitoses / 50 HPFs (high power field), <2 Ki67 <3%. The mean follow- up period was 60 months. Currently, 5 patients are being followed without disease, 1 patient survives despite recurrence and 1 patient has died due to non-cancer reasons.
CONCLUSION
Intrabdominal schwannomas are rare tumors which most commonly exhibit gastrointestinal involvement. Since these tumors are mostly benign, the long-term prognosis of patients is good. Schwannoma should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of intrabdominal masses. Radical resections with high morbidity and mortality should be avoided if preoperative diagnosis is made.
KEY WORDS
Abdominal tumor, Mesenchymal tumor, Nerve sheath tumor, Schwannoma.
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neurilemmoma; Pelvic Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Turkey
PubMed: 34031290
DOI: No ID Found -
RoFo : Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der... Nov 2020
Topics: Abdominal Neoplasms; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Liposarcoma; Liposarcoma, Myxoid; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Muscle Neoplasms; Neoplasm Grading; Pelvic Neoplasms; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32106323
DOI: 10.1055/a-1108-1961