-
Indian Dermatology Online Journal 2017
PubMed: 28405560
DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.202267 -
The American Journal of Dermatopathology Nov 2019Benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation are alleged to differentiate toward parts of the hair follicle. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a gap junction protein, the...
INTRODUCTION
Benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation are alleged to differentiate toward parts of the hair follicle. Connexin 43 (Cx43) is a gap junction protein, the tumoral role of which has been investigated in several types of tumors.
OBJECTIVE
To study the pattern of expression of Cx43 in benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation and to compare it with that shown by their alleged anatomical counterparts of the hair follicle.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Five cases each of trichofolliculoma, trichilemmoma, fibrofolliculoma/trichodiscoma, trichoblastoma, trichoepithelioma, pilomatrixoma, and proliferating trichilemmal tumor, 3 cases of pilar sheath acanthoma, and 1 case of tumor of the follicular infundibulum were examined. Anti-Cx43 antibody was used.
RESULTS
Cx43 was expressed by all follicular tumors studied. Comparisons between trichoblastoma and trichoepithelioma and their respective normal counterparts could not be made. In 3 tumors (trichofolliculoma, pilomatrixoma, and the spectrum fibrofolliculoma/trichodiscoma), there was a parallelism between their Cx43 expression pattern and that of their alleged anatomical counterparts. In pilar sheath acanthoma, trichilemmoma, and the tumor of the follicular infundibulum, we only found partial similarities in Cx43 expression. Only the proliferating trichilemmal tumor showed a discordant pattern of expression.
CONCLUSIONS
Cx43 expression is preserved in benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation and the patterns of Cx43 expression in benign cutaneous tumors with follicular differentiation parallel those of their alleged anatomical counterparts in 5 types (either totally or partially). This preservation might be related to the good behavior of the entities studied.
Topics: Connexin 43; Hair Diseases; Hair Follicle; Humans; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 30839347
DOI: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000001395 -
The American Journal of Dermatopathology Jan 2016In this report, we review the most common entities that show a epidermal hyperplastic pattern in the biopsy. These entities include inflammatory, reactive, infectious,... (Review)
Review
In this report, we review the most common entities that show a epidermal hyperplastic pattern in the biopsy. These entities include inflammatory, reactive, infectious, hamartomatous, and tumoral conditions, each with a very different prognosis. Therefore, an approach based on the classic "patterns and clues" tools used in dermatopathology can bring a lot of information to the dermatopathologist or the general pathologist evaluating these lesions.
Topics: Acanthoma; Acanthosis Nigricans; Carcinoma, Verrucous; Diagnosis, Differential; Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis; Humans; Hyperplasia; Keratoacanthoma; Keratosis; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous; Neurodermatitis; Nevus; Prurigo; Skin; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Warts
PubMed: 26730692
DOI: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000000324 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Mar 2015
Topics: Acanthoma; Epidermis; Humans; Keratosis; Lentigo; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 25487163
DOI: 10.1111/cup.12400 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Mar 2021Acantholytic dyskeratotic acanthoma is a rare variant of epidermal acanthoma. It has a flat, plaque-like structure and is characterized microscopically by acantholysis... (Review)
Review
Acantholytic dyskeratotic acanthoma is a rare variant of epidermal acanthoma. It has a flat, plaque-like structure and is characterized microscopically by acantholysis and dyskeratosis. Eccrine syringofibroadenomatous hyperplasia is benign and likely reactive. It has recently been considered as a hyperplastic process affecting the eccrine ducts rather than the neoplasm because of its pathological heterogeneity and wide clinical associations. In this article, we present the case of 97-year-old Japanese women with a 10-mm wide, painful acantholytic dyskeratotic acanthoma accompanied by syringofibroadenomatous hyperplasia in the right femoral region. Although syringofibroadenomatous hyperplasia is known to occur as a reactive process with various dermatoses and cutaneous tumors, to date, there have been no reports of cases of acantholytic dyskeratotic acanthoma accompanying syringofibroadenomatous hyperplasia. Moreover, this case also includes the unusual finding of an increase in the mature sebocytes in the area of the syringofibroadenomatous hyperplasia.
Topics: Acantholysis; Acanthoma; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; Cell Proliferation; Diagnosis, Differential; Epidermis; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Middle Aged; Pain; Poroma; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 33300158
DOI: 10.1111/cup.13933 -
The American Journal of Dermatopathology Jan 2022Histopathologically both hidroacanthoma simplex (HS) and clonal seborrheic keratosis (CSK) are characterized by intraepidermal nests of tumor cells. Although they show... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Histopathologically both hidroacanthoma simplex (HS) and clonal seborrheic keratosis (CSK) are characterized by intraepidermal nests of tumor cells. Although they show subtle microscopic differences, they can be difficult to accurately differentiate. Previous immunohistochemical studies have been inconclusive. We conducted an immunohistochemical study with GATA3 and p63 on cases of HS and CSK tentatively identified by their microscopic appearances and cases of eccrine poroma and seborrheic keratosis as their respective controls. The clinical, histopathological, and dermoscopic findings of these cases were also reviewed. All cases of HS and poroma were negative for GATA3, whereas all cases of CSK and seborrheic keratosis were positive for GATA3. HS, CSK, and their controls were all positive for p63. Microscopic, clinical, and dermoscopic differences were also found between HS and CSK. Our study demonstrated that GATA3 is useful for differentiating HS from CSK. Our initial microscopic observations also proved to be reliable, but immunostaining with GATA3 is helpful for confirming the diagnosis or establishing the diagnosis of uncertain cases. Awareness of the clinical and dermoscopic features of these 2 entities could also avoid misdiagnosis based solely on pathological observation.
Topics: Acanthoma; Adult; Aged; Female; GATA3 Transcription Factor; Humans; Keratosis, Seborrheic; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms; Sweat Gland Neoplasms; Transcription Factors; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
PubMed: 34132661
DOI: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000001998 -
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Apr 2020
Topics: Acanthoma; Dermoscopy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nail Diseases; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 31532837
DOI: 10.1111/ced.14098 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jul 2021While uncomplicated cases of skin squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) can be treated with surgery topical therapy alone, more objective and non-invasive examination methods...
BACKGROUND
While uncomplicated cases of skin squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) can be treated with surgery topical therapy alone, more objective and non-invasive examination methods are needed to guide clinicians to make more detailed biopsy and surgical plans for lesions with atypical or subcutaneous growth. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) is a novel skin imaging method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Prospective collection of 19 patients with clinically suspected cSCC. All patients underwent high-resolution DCE-MRI using a 70-mm microscopy coil before operation. The imaging features and results of surgical pathology were recorded. K , K , V values, and the time-signal curve (TIC) types were determined using DCE images.
RESULTS
16 cases of cSCC, 3 cases of acanthoma. The subcutaneous invasion of all lesions was clearly displayed, of which 8 lesions invaded the subcutaneous fat layer, 5 invaded the muscle layer, 1 invaded the periosteum, 2 invaded the cap fascia, and the layer of all lesions invasion judged by HR-MR imaging was consistent with the postoperative pathology. The main manifestations of cSCC were ill-defined margin, obvious inhomogeneous enhancement, higher perfusion parameters value and type-III TIC, while acanthoma showed well-defined and type-I TIC. Some imaging findings (such as boundary, enhancement) and DCE perfusion parameters of the two groups overlap.
CONCLUSION
High-resolution DCE-MRI can fully and directly display the subcutaneous invasion of cSCC, and more work needs to be done to prove its value. Next, we will expand the sample size, and further explore its value in the differential diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of cSCC from acanthoma or other skin tumors.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prospective Studies; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 33141995
DOI: 10.1111/srt.12978 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia Jun 2018Clear cell acanthoma is an uncommon type of benign epithelial tumor. Typically, it is a solitary lesion found on the lower limbs. It presents as a nodule or small plaque...
Clear cell acanthoma is an uncommon type of benign epithelial tumor. Typically, it is a solitary lesion found on the lower limbs. It presents as a nodule or small plaque with slow and well-defined growth. Diagnosis used to be clinical and histopathological, but the advent of dermoscopy has led to an increase in diagnostic accuracy. We describe a case in which dermoscopy proved highly useful for diagnosis of the lesion.
Topics: Acanthoma; Dermoscopy; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Leg; Male; Middle Aged; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 29924237
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20186977 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Oct 2021The differential diagnosis of lesions excised to exclude melanoma include a variety of benign and malignant melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions.
INTRODUCTION
The differential diagnosis of lesions excised to exclude melanoma include a variety of benign and malignant melanocytic and non-melanocytic lesions.
OBJECTIVES
We examined the variability between pathologists in diagnosing non-melanocytic lesions.
METHODS
As part of a larger study prospectively examining the diagnosis of lesions excised to exclude melanoma in 198 patients at a primary care skin cancer clinic in Newcastle, Australia, we compared diagnosis made by 5 experienced dermatopathologists, of 44 non-melanocytic lesions in 44 patients aged 22-90.
RESULTS
Forty-four lesions (out of 217 in total) were non-melanocytic. Among the 5 pathologists who examined each case there was marked variability in the terminology used to diagnose each case. The most common variability was found between seborrheic keratosis, large cell acanthoma, solar lentigo, and lichenoid keratosis. The diagnosis made by the majority of the pathologists was deemed to be the reference diagnosis. Versus majority diagnosis, 4% of benign lesions were considered malignant, and 7% of malignant diagnoses were considered as benign.
CONCLUSIONS
The different terminology adopted and lack of consensus in the diagnosis of these non-melanocytic lesions in this setting suggests that training AI systems using gold standards may be problematic. We propose a new management classification scheme called MOLEM (Management of Lesions Excised to exclude Melanoma) which expands the previously described MPATH-dx to include non-melanocytic lesions.
PubMed: 35024222
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1104a94