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International Journal of Dermatology May 2024Acne excoriée (AE) is a skin picking disorder (SPD) within the group of obsessive compulsive (OCD) and related disorders characterized by the compulsive manipulation of... (Review)
Review
Acne excoriée (AE) is a skin picking disorder (SPD) within the group of obsessive compulsive (OCD) and related disorders characterized by the compulsive manipulation of acne lesions. AE typically appears in females during adolescence or young adulthood and can cause significant disfigurement and psychosocial impairment. This disorder is under-recognized due to patient discomfort to disclose excoriation habits or lack of behavior awareness. It is imperative that dermatologists accurately diagnose and treat this disorder to minimize long-term damage to the skin. This review aims to provide an overview of the diagnosis and treatment options for AE.
Topics: Female; Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder; Self-Injurious Behavior
PubMed: 38102842
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16964 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Aug 2023Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin condition caused by androgen-induced elevated sebum secretion, abnormal keratinization, bacterial colonization, and... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris is a highly prevalent skin condition caused by androgen-induced elevated sebum secretion, abnormal keratinization, bacterial colonization, and inflammation. Current research indicates a link between acne vulgaris and the metabolic syndrome, a group of disorders that includes obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. This link is thought to be modulated by excessive concentrations of oxidative stress markers and chronic inflammation, which are included in the pathophysiological mechanisms shared by both conditions. Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species damages cellular components and initiates an inflammatory response, hence promoting the development of both disorders. The current narrative review focuses on the molecular implications of inflammatory, hormonal, and environmental factors in the acne-metabolic syndrome correlation. Furthermore, it outlines the current state of knowledge related to the phyto-therapeutic approach to these conditions as an adjuvant strategy to allopathic treatment, but future multicenter and larger-scale research studies are needed establish new algorithms to be included in the future management of patients with these conditions.
Topics: Humans; Metabolic Syndrome; Acne Vulgaris; Oxidative Stress; Inflammation; Dietary Supplements; Phytochemicals; Multicenter Studies as Topic
PubMed: 37315434
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115003 -
Dermatologic Clinics Apr 2016The prevalence and emotional impact of acne scarring are underestimated by the medical community. Dermatology providers should be able to evaluate the acne scar patient... (Review)
Review
The prevalence and emotional impact of acne scarring are underestimated by the medical community. Dermatology providers should be able to evaluate the acne scar patient and discuss treatment options. Important aspects of the patient history include current treatments, prior acne scar procedures, and the patient's goals for treatment. During the physical examination, the scars are assessed and classified by scar morphology and overall severity of scarring. Finally, a treatment plan is developed in which the most appropriate procedures are matched with the scars that will work the best. Helping the patient understand likely expectations for improvement will increase overall satisfaction.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Cicatrix; Dermatology; Humans; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 27015781
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2015.11.009 -
Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADC Jul 2017Acne is one of the most common skin disorders. It is a multifactorial and complex disease, originating in the pilosebaceous follicle where a hereditary background,... (Review)
Review
Acne is one of the most common skin disorders. It is a multifactorial and complex disease, originating in the pilosebaceous follicle where a hereditary background, androgens, skin lipids, disorders of keratinization, inflammatory signaling, and regulatory neuropeptides seem to be mainly involved. Even though emotional stress has long been suspected to trigger or exacerbate acne, its influence on acne severity has been mostly underestimated until recently when studies have brought new data about the different mechanisms and possible factors involved in this interaction. A point to note is that there have been relatively few studies examining stress as a possible cause of acne or acne exacerbation; more studies have focused on stress and mental health problems occurring as a result of acne. In this review, we have tried to identify the underlying mechanisms that link stress to acne according to the latest scientific findings, and we summarize this perplexing connection. The basis for the association between emotional stress and the onset or exacerbation of acne is in several cutaneous neurogenic factors which interact with a pathogenic cascade in acne. This bidirectional intimate relationship of the skin and the mind emphasizes the importance of a holistic and interdisciplinary approach to caring for patients with acne that involves not only dermatologists but also psychologists and psychiatrists.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Humans; Stress, Psychological
PubMed: 28871928
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Sep 2023Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental health disorder characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived flaw, which is commonly seen among dermatology patients. The...
Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental health disorder characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived flaw, which is commonly seen among dermatology patients. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of body dysmorphic disorder and assess self-esteem among a clinical sample of adolescents and young adults being managed for acne vulgaris. A total of 105 patients, age range 13-24 years, receiving acne treatment at 1 of 2 dermatology outpatient clinic were included. A self-report questionnaire was used, which included a body dysmorphic disorder screening tool (based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Acne was graded with the Cook's acne grading scale. Out of 105 adolescents and young adults visiting a dermatologist due to acne, 13 (12.4%) screened positive for body dysmorphic disorder (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 6.8-20.2%). Patients with body dysmorphic disorder were more likely to have female gender (p = 0.020) and had lower self-esteem (RSES 15.8 vs 20.5, respectively, p = 0.013) compared with patients without body dysmorphic disorder. No differences were found in the frequency of body dysmorphic disorder with DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria. This is the first study to report on the frequency of body dysmorphic disorder and self-esteem in adolescents and young adults with acne. Ultimately, more awareness of body dysmorphic disorder among adolescents and young adults presenting with dermatological disorders could lead to more rapid recognition and referral to psychiatric units.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Body Dysmorphic Disorders; Acne Vulgaris; Referral and Consultation; Self Concept; Self Report
PubMed: 37707293
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.6232 -
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) 2021Acne is a common condition. Sometimes acne or acne-like features are a part of autoinflammatory diseases such as PAPA spectrum disorders. Our objective wasto determine... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Acne is a common condition. Sometimes acne or acne-like features are a part of autoinflammatory diseases such as PAPA spectrum disorders. Our objective wasto determine whether acne in PAPA spectrum disorders has specific phenotypic traits.
SUMMARY
This is aliterature review on reported cases of patients with PAPA, PAMI, PASH, PAPASH, PsAPASH, PAC or PASS syndrome. Acne was classified into four categories: moderate, severe, nodulocystic, acne fulminans.One hundred patients were included. Age of onset of acne and topography were the same as in acne vulgaris. Acne's phenotype was at least severe (including acne fulminans, nodulocystic and severe) in 83% of cases. Genetic mutations or variants with potential pathological significance were reported in 49 patients. The addition of isotretinoin to biotherapies was required to control acne in several patients.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Dermatologic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pyoderma Gangrenosum
PubMed: 32937626
DOI: 10.1159/000509874 -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Jul 2021Acne vulgaris is among the most common dermatologic diagnoses observed, including skin color (SOC) populations. This project sought to help clarify the existing...
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris is among the most common dermatologic diagnoses observed, including skin color (SOC) populations. This project sought to help clarify the existing published data and provide consensus statements on acne presentation, prevention, treatment, and maintenance in SOC populations to help improve patient outcomes.
METHODS
Six SOC dermatologists convened for a virtual meeting and used a modified Delphi process to address: 1) Are there racial/ethnic differences in the clinical presentation and sequela of acne? 2) Are there racial/ethnic differences in the therapeutic endpoint of acne treatment and patient expectations? 3) Is there a need for specialized approaches to therapeutic options and skincare in acne patients with SOC? The results of a literature review and the outcome of discussions, coupled with the panel's expert opinion and experience, are intended for health care providers caring for acne patients and clinician-researchers.
RESULTS
Racial/ethnic differences in the clinical presentation, sequelae, and desired treatment outcomes for acne have been reported. Notwithstanding limitations in the number, size, and methodologies of studies to date, the available data suggest that strategies that improve outcomes in acne patients with SOC include: Early initiation and maintenance of treatment regimens and careful consideration of tolerability of active ingredients, vehicles, and dosing. Using pH-balanced, non-irritating cleansers and non-comedogenic ceramides containing moisturizers help minimize irritation or dryness.
CONCLUSIONS
There a need for specialized approaches to therapeutic options and skincare in acne patients with SOC. OTC skincare products are recommended before and during prescription therapy and as part of a maintenance regimen. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(7):716-725. doi:10.36849/JDD.6169 THIS ARTICLE HAD BEEN MADE AVAILABLE FREE OF CHARGE. PLEASE SCROLL DOWN TO ACCESS THE FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE WITHOUT LOGGING IN. NO PURCHASE NECESSARY. PLEASE CONTACT THE PUBLISHER WITH ANY QUESTIONS.
Topics: Humans; Acne Vulgaris; Racial Groups; Skin; Skin Care; Ethnic and Racial Minorities
PubMed: 34232006
DOI: 10.36849/JDD.6169 -
Journal of Tissue Engineering and... May 2019Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a platelet concentrate contained in a small volume of plasma, has become a promising option in the last decade to treat different diseases... (Review)
Review
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a platelet concentrate contained in a small volume of plasma, has become a promising option in the last decade to treat different diseases related to the skin due to its high concentration of growth factors. When it is of autologous origin, it decreases the probability of suffering adverse reactions and transfusion-transmitted infections, thus it is an optimal and safe therapy for the patient. PRP has been used in the treatment of several dermatological conditions such as acne, alopecia, and skin ulcers. Its use has also extended to other skin conditions such as melasma, hyperpigmentation, and burns, where it stimulates tissue repair and regeneration. The purpose of this article is to review the management and treatment of different dermatological alterations with PRP. Although there are a variety of studies that support the use of PRP, more research is needed to standardise the protocols for obtaining, processing, and applying it as well as understanding the biological and molecular bases of its functioning.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Alopecia; Animals; Dermatology; Humans; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Skin Ulcer
PubMed: 30793521
DOI: 10.1002/term.2832 -
Dermatologic Surgery : Official... May 2016Acne vulgaris is a chronic dermatologic complaint with a multifactorial cause. Traditionally, antibiotics and retinoids have been used to manage the condition; patient... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Acne vulgaris is a chronic dermatologic complaint with a multifactorial cause. Traditionally, antibiotics and retinoids have been used to manage the condition; patient compliance has been an ongoing issue. A variety of energy-based devices have been reported to be effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris.
OBJECTIVE
To review and summarize the current literature specific to treatment of acne vulgaris with energy-based devices.
METHODS
A review of the current literature of energy-based devices used for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Although limited randomized controlled trials for the treatment of acne have been performed, significant clinical improvement of acne vulgaris, especially of inflammatory lesions, has been demonstrated with a variety of energy-based devices. Newer approaches may lead to even better results.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Humans; Photosensitizing Agents; Phototherapy
PubMed: 27110894
DOI: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000715 -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Mar 2022Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a typical complication of inflammatory dermatoses that more frequently and severely affects people with darker skin.... (Review)
Review
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a typical complication of inflammatory dermatoses that more frequently and severely affects people with darker skin. External insults to the skin, such as burn injuries, dermatologic treatments, and intrinsic skin disorders (eg, eczema and acne), are common causes of PIH. Individuals with darker skin are prone to develop PIH, which can cause substantial psychological suffering. PIH can be prevented or alleviated. When this happens, it is essential to point out what is causing it and treat it as soon as possible to prevent inflammation and PIH from progressing. If the inflammatory symptoms go away or there is no evidence of inflammation at the time of diagnosis, PIH treatments should be evaluated. To hasten the resolution of PIH, treatment should begin as soon as possible. Treatment begins with the care of the initial inflammatory condition. Topical medications, chemical peels, laser and light-based treatment, phototherapy, and other therapeutic modalities are offered to treat PIH. Understanding the therapy options available helps the physician in choosing the best treatment for each patient. With these backgrounds, the current review aimed to discuss the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and available treatment options for the PIH. J Drugs Dermatol. 2022;21(3):276-283. doi:10.36849/JDD.6485.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Chemexfoliation; Dermatitis; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Skin
PubMed: 35254763
DOI: 10.36849/JDD.6485