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Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023
Topics: Humans; Exercise; Resistance Training; Endocrinology
PubMed: 38179305
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1344032 -
European Journal of Preventive... Nov 2017
Topics: Coronary Artery Disease; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Humans; Resistance Training
PubMed: 28812916
DOI: 10.1177/2047487317726201 -
Journal of Strength and Conditioning... Sep 2021Silva, JCG, Domingos-Gomes, JR, Freitas, EDS, Neto, GR, Aniceto, RR, Bemben, MG, Lima-dos-Santos, A, and Cirilo-Sousa, MS. Physiological and perceptual responses to... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Silva, JCG, Domingos-Gomes, JR, Freitas, EDS, Neto, GR, Aniceto, RR, Bemben, MG, Lima-dos-Santos, A, and Cirilo-Sousa, MS. Physiological and perceptual responses to aerobic exercise with and without blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2479-2485, 2021-Although previous studies have demonstrated the potential benefits of aerobic exercise (AE) with blood flow restriction (BFR), these findings have been limited by the approaches used to determine the occlusive pressure. In addition, the physiological and perceptual responses of AE with BFR compared to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the physiological and perceptual responses to AE with and without BFR, and HIIE. Twenty-two men were randomly assigned to 4 experimental conditions: AE (40% of maximal oxygen consumption [V˙o2peak]), AE with 50% of BFR (AE-BFR: 40% VV˙o2peak), HIIE (80% V˙o2peak), and a no exercise control condition (CON: 50% of BFR). Each exercise bout lasted 18 minutes, during which oxygen consumption (V˙o2), heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured at rest and at every 3 minutes during exercise. Ratings of discomfort before and after each trial. The HIIE condition induced the greatest increases in V˙o2 and HR (p < 0.05), whereas AE-BFR was significantly (p < 0.05) greater than AE and CON. HIIE and AE-BFR also elicited the greatest (p < 0.05), but similar (p > 0.05), increases in RPE during exercise, although AE-BFR was significantly greater than HIIE immediately after exercise (p < 0.05). AE-BFR and HIIE also induced similar levels of discomfort after exercise (p > 0.05). In conclusion, HIIE induced the greatest increases in V˙o2 and HR, although the perceptual responses were essentially the same compared with AE-BFR. However, albeit inferior to HIIE, V˙o2 was greater during AE-BFR compared with AE, indicating that this training method may be used to replace HIIE and still significantly elevate V˙o2.
Topics: Exercise; Heart Rate; Hemodynamics; High-Intensity Interval Training; Humans; Male; Oxygen Consumption
PubMed: 31136546
DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003178 -
Journal of Cellular Physiology May 2023Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory vascular disease with lipid metabolism abnormalities, is one of the major pathological bases of coronary heart disease. As... (Review)
Review
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory vascular disease with lipid metabolism abnormalities, is one of the major pathological bases of coronary heart disease. As people's lifestyles and diets change, the incidence of AS increases yearly. Physical activity and exercise training have recently been identified as effective strategies for lowering cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the best exercise mode to ameliorate the risk factors related to AS is not clear. The effect of exercise on AS is affected by the type of exercise, intensity, and duration. In particular, aerobic and anaerobic exercise are the two most widely discussed types of exercise. During exercise, the cardiovascular system undergoes physiological changes via various signaling pathways. The review aims to summarize signaling pathways related to AS in two different exercise types and provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AS in clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Anaerobiosis; Exercise; Atherosclerosis; Exercise Therapy; Cardiovascular System
PubMed: 36890781
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30989 -
Research Quarterly For Exercise and... Sep 2021: There is no significant evidence of both biological and motivational effects between virtual reality exercises to traditional/conventional exercise. The aim of this...
: There is no significant evidence of both biological and motivational effects between virtual reality exercises to traditional/conventional exercise. The aim of this study is to assess the biological and motivational effects of aerobic exercises with virtual reality and traditional exercise methods. : 20 students participated as control and 60 students were divided randomly and equally into two groups, virtual reality exercise group (VRE) and traditional exercise group (TE). Two groups completed the exercise training. Tests were applied to the three groups at the beginning and in the end of the study. An activity monitor and pulse oximeter were used to measure energy expenditure during exercises. : After eight weeks, the data from pulse oximeter showed no statistical significance between the exercise groups. The active energy expenditure, PAL and step counts were statistically significant in TE group. There was a statistically significant increase in the sleep quality of the TE group ( = .000). There was no statistical significance among the anxiety scores of all groups. In the spring semester, there was a statistically significant increase in both VRE and TE groups compared to the fall semester ( < .05). : The virtual reality exercises produce greater motivational effects, whereas traditional exercises bring greater physical improvements.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Motivation; Surveys and Questionnaires; Virtual Reality; Young Adult
PubMed: 32213126
DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2020.1729329 -
Substance Abuse 2021Exercise has been examined as an adjunctive treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs), yet few exercise interventions have been conducted among patients undergoing... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Exercise has been examined as an adjunctive treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs), yet few exercise interventions have been conducted among patients undergoing intensive outpatient (IOP) treatment, who may be the most vulnerable to relapse and for whom exercise could provide the most benefits. This study examined the effects of aerobic exercise, in addition to IOP treatment, on psychological variables and endocannabinoids in individuals with SUDs. : Twenty-one SUD patients (mean age 35 years) were recruited from local IOPs. Participants were randomized to either treatment-as-usual (TAU, at their outpatient clinic) or TAU plus aerobic exercise training (EX). EX participants engaged in supervised, moderate-intensity exercise for 30 min, 3 times/week for 6 weeks. TAU participants came into the laboratory once per week for assessments and a 30-min quiet rest session. Participants provided blood samples and completed questionnaires evaluating substance use, mood states, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, self-efficacy to abstain from substance use, and craving. Data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney tests or mixed model ANOVAs to determine group differences in outcomes acutely and over 6 weeks. : Over 6 weeks, there were reductions in perceived stress ( < 0.01) and craving ( < 0.05) for both groups. There were no group differences in abstinence rates or changes from baseline in self-efficacy, depression, or anxiety ( > 0.05). Acutely, both exercise and quiet rest sessions led to reductions in craving, tension, depression, anger, confusion, and total mood disturbance (all s < 0.05). In addition, the EX group experienced acute increases in vigor and circulating concentrations of the endocannabinoid, anandamide ( < 0.01). : An adjunctive aerobic exercise program during SUD treatment was associated with similar reductions in perceived stress and drug craving as standard care. Thirty minutes of exercise or quiet rest led to acute improvements in mood, but exercise produced the additional benefit of increases in vigor and circulating anandamide.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Anxiety; Endocannabinoids; Exercise; Humans; Substance-Related Disorders
PubMed: 31729933
DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2019.1680480 -
Clinical and Experimental Hypertension... 2018The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of regular aerobic exercise on blood pressure in East Asians. The inclusion criteria of the randomized... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of regular aerobic exercise on blood pressure in East Asians. The inclusion criteria of the randomized controlled trials were healthy East Asian adults, exercise group performing regular aerobic exercise and control group not exercising, and a description of the mean systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure at rest. This study included 31 study groups and 1994 subjects. Pooled changes in blood pressure showed significant reductions (systolic blood pressure: -4.7 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure: -3.2 mmHg). In subgroup analyses, the change in systolic blood pressure for randomized controlled trials meeting the America Heart Association and American College of Sports Medicine guidelines for physical activity to maintain health was significantly larger than in randomized controlled trials not meeting the guidelines. In addition, meta-regression indicated that the change in systolic blood pressure was significantly related to "exercise time × exercise frequency." The ideal volume of exercise is that for a long time at a high frequency, such as the volume recommended in the America Heart Association and American College of Sports Medicine guidelines: moderate intensity and >150 min per week. List of abbreviations: BP: blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; RCT: randomized controlled trial; AHA: America Heart Association; ACSM: America College of Sports Medicine; SD: standard deviation; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TC: total cholesterol; TG: triglycerides; PEDro: Physiotherapy Evidence Database; CI: confidence intervals; %HR: percentage of maximal heart rate.
Topics: Asian People; Blood Pressure; Exercise; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Systole
PubMed: 29083942
DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1384483 -
NeuroImage Feb 2018Hippocampal volume increase in response to aerobic exercise has been consistently observed in animal models. However, the evidence from human studies is equivocal. We... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Hippocampal volume increase in response to aerobic exercise has been consistently observed in animal models. However, the evidence from human studies is equivocal. We undertook a systematic review to identify all controlled trials examining the effect of aerobic exercise on the hippocampal volumes in humans, and applied meta-analytic techniques to determine if aerobic exercise resulted in volumetric increases. We also sought to establish how volume changes differed in relation to unilateral measures of left/right hippocampal volume, and across the lifespan. A systematic search identified 4398 articles, of which 14 were eligible for inclusion in the primary analysis. A random-effects meta-analysis showed no significant effect of aerobic exercise on total hippocampal volume across the 737 participants. However, aerobic exercise had significant positive effects on left hippocampal volume in comparison to control conditions. Post-hoc analyses indicated effects were driven through exercise preventing the volumetric decreases which occur over time. These results provide meta-analytic evidence for exercise-induced volumetric retention in the left hippocampus. Aerobic exercise interventions may be useful for preventing age-related hippocampal deterioration and maintaining neuronal health.
Topics: Exercise; Hippocampus; Humans
PubMed: 29113943
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.007 -
Journal of Physical Activity & Health Feb 2021The specific benefits of aerobic exercises in smoking cessation are unclear, as they have different characteristics, intensities, and durations. The purpose of this... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The specific benefits of aerobic exercises in smoking cessation are unclear, as they have different characteristics, intensities, and durations. The purpose of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise, with or without co-interventions, compared with a control group of cognitive behavior treatment on smoking cessation.
METHODS
This review was prospectively registered on PROSPERO, and the searches were performed from 2016 to 2018. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of aerobic exercise, with or without nicotine therapy replacement, compared with usual care were included. The primary outcome was smoking cessation defined as the prevalence of those who quit or continuous abstinence. Meta-analysis was calculated using random effects model in the comprehensive meta-analysis software.
RESULTS
The authors identified 18 trials reporting data for a total of 2815 participants. There was moderate-quality evidence that aerobic exercise was better than usual care in promoting smoking cessation at short term (11 trials, risk ratio 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.66-0.94). However, there were no differences between aerobic exercises and usual care at medium- or long-term follow-ups.
CONCLUSIONS
According to review, aerobic exercise may be effective in promoting smoking cessation at short-term, but not at medium- and long-term follow-ups.
Topics: Adult; Behavior Therapy; Exercise; Humans; Nicotinic Agonists; Smoking Cessation; Tobacco Use Cessation Devices
PubMed: 33434887
DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0339 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 2023Although the Talk Test (TT) is a reliable and low-cost test, its use for aerobic exercise prescription is still limited.
BACKGROUND
Although the Talk Test (TT) is a reliable and low-cost test, its use for aerobic exercise prescription is still limited.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the heart rate (HR) in the stages of the TT and at the peak of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as a parameter to prescribe aerobic exercise compared with HR at the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).
METHODS
Individuals with cardiovascular disease attended three assessment days: 1) anamnesis and CPET; 2) 6MWT; and 3) TT. One-way repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman's test were used to compare HR at VT1 and VT2 with HR at TT stages: last positive (TT+), first equivocal (TT±), and negative (TT-), and at the peak of the 6MWT. Pearson's or Spearman's test assessed correlations between HR at VTs, TT stages, and 6MWT. Statistical significance was set at 5%.
RESULTS
The study included 22 cardiac patients (13 men, 61 ± 8 years). HR at VT1 was similar to HR at TT+ (p = 0.987) and TT± (p = 0.154), and moderately correlated with TT+ (r = 0.479, p = 0.024). HR at VT2 was similar to TT- (p = 0.383), with a strong correlation (r = 0.757, p < 0.001). HR at the peak of the 6MWT was significantly different from HR at TT+, TT±, and VT1 (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, and p < 0.001, respectively) but similar to TT- (p = 0.68).
CONCLUSIONS
HR at TT+ and TT- reflect HR at VT1 and VT2, respectively, differently from 6MWT, which was similar only to VT2. TT may be an objective test to assist aerobic exercise prescription in cardiac rehabilitation.
Topics: Male; Humans; Walk Test; Cardiac Rehabilitation; Heart Rate; Exercise; Exercise Therapy; Exercise Test; Oxygen Consumption
PubMed: 37820173
DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230086