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The Journal of Headache and Pain Jan 2022Neurological symptoms are frequent among patients with COVID-19. Little is known regarding the repercussions of neurological symptoms for patients and how these symptoms...
BACKGROUND
Neurological symptoms are frequent among patients with COVID-19. Little is known regarding the repercussions of neurological symptoms for patients and how these symptoms are related to one another.
OBJECTIVES
To determine whether there is an association between the neurological symptoms in patients with COVID-19, and to characterize the headache.
METHOD
This was a cross-sectional study. All hospital inpatients and health workers at the Hospital Universitario Oswaldo Cruz with a PCR-confirmed COVID-19 infection between March and June 2020 were considered for the study and were interviewed by telephone at least 2-months after the acute phase of the disease. These patients were identified by the hospital epidemiological surveillance department. A semi-structured questionnaire was used containing sociodemographic and clinical data and the ID-Migraine.
RESULTS
A total of 288 patients was interviewed; 53.1% were male; with a median age of 49.9 (41.5-60.5) years; 91.7% presented some neurological symptom; 22.2% reported some neurological symptom as the symptom that troubled them most during COVID-19. Neurological symptoms were: ageusia (69.8%), headache (69.1%), anosmia (67%), myalgia (44.4%), drowsiness (37.2%), agitation (20.8%); mental confusion (14.9%), syncope (4.9%) and epileptic seizures (2.8%). Females, those who presented with fever, sore throat, anosmia/ageusia and myalgia also presented significantly more with headache (logistic regression). The most frequent headache phenotype was a non-migraine phenotype, was of severe intensity and differed from previous headaches. This persisted for more than 30 days in 18% and for more than 90 days in 10% of patients. Thirteen percent of those with anosmia and 11% with ageusia continued with these complaints after more than 90 days of the acute phase of the disease. Aged over 50 years, agitation and epileptic seizures were significantly associated with mental confusion (logistic regression).
CONCLUSION
Headache is frequent in COVID-19, is associated with other symptoms such as fever, sore throat, anosmia, ageusia, and myalgia, and may persist beyond the acute phase of the disease.
Topics: Aged; Ageusia; Anosmia; COVID-19; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Headache; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34979899
DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01367-8 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Reports Jul 2021Clinical reports from patients suffering from the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) reflect a high prevalence of sensory deprivation or loss pertaining to smell...
BACKGROUND
Clinical reports from patients suffering from the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) reflect a high prevalence of sensory deprivation or loss pertaining to smell (dysosmia/anosmia) and/or taste (dysgeusia/ageusia). Given the importance of the senses to daily functioning and personal experience, the mental health consequences of these symptoms warrant further attention.
METHODS
A cohort of Reddit users posting within the /r/covid19positive subforum ( = 15,821) was leveraged to analyze instantaneous risk of transition to a state of suicidal ideation or depression using Cox proportional-hazards models. Risk transition was defined by posts made in suicide- or depression-related forums, or mentions of relevant phrases with and without mention of anosmia/ageusia in /r/covid19positive. Self-diagnosis of COVID-19 was also modeled as a separate and simultaneous predictor of mental health risk.
RESULTS
Mention of anosmia/ageusia was significantly associated with transition to a risk state. Users with a history of anosmia/ageusia-related posts and who self-identified as COVID-19 positive had 30% higher instantaneous risk relative to others. The highest increase in instantaneous risk of suicidal ideation or depression occurred more than 100 days after first posting in /r/covid19positive.
LIMITATIONS
Use of self-diagnosed disease as well as a broad array of anosmia/ageusia-related terminology may entail both information bias and overestimates of symptom incidence.
CONCLUSIONS
The specific effects of COVID-19 on the senses may have long-term implications for patient mental health well-being beyond the primary recovery period. Future work is needed to investigate the longitudinal mental health burden of residual COVID-19 symptom presentation.
PubMed: 34075369
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100156 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Nov 2020COVID-19 is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that has an affinity for neural tissue. There are reports of encephalitis, encephalopathy, cranial neuropathy,... (Review)
Review
COVID-19 is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that has an affinity for neural tissue. There are reports of encephalitis, encephalopathy, cranial neuropathy, Guillain-Barrè syndrome, and myositis/rhabdomyolysis in patients with COVID-19. In this review, we focused on the neuromuscular manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analyzed all published reports on SARS-CoV-2-related peripheral nerve, neuromuscular junction, muscle, and cranial nerve disorders. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction is now accepted as an early manifestation of COVID-19 infection. Inflammation, edema, and axonal damage of olfactory bulb have been shown in autopsy of patients who died of COVID-19. Olfactory pathway is suggested as a portal of entry of SARS-CoV-2 in the brain. Similar to involvement of olfactory bulb, isolated oculomotor, trochlear and facial nerve has been described. Increasing reports Guillain-Barrè syndrome secondary to COVID-19 are being published. Unlike typical GBS, most of COVID-19-related GBS were elderly, had concomitant pneumonia or ARDS, more prevalent demyelinating neuropathy, and relatively poor outcome. Myalgia is described among the common symptoms of COVID-19 after fever, cough, and sore throat. Duration of myalgia may be related to the severity of COVID-19 disease. Few patients had muscle weakness and elevated creatine kinase along with elevated levels of acute-phase reactants. All these patients with myositis/rhabdomyolysis had severe respiratory complications related to COVID-19. A handful of patients with myasthenia gravis showed exacerbation of their disease after acquiring COVID-19 disease. Most of these patients recovered with either intravenous immunoglobulins or steroids.
Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuromuscular Diseases; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32935156
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04708-8 -
Emerging Microbes & Infections Dec 2023Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in China has grown rapidly after adjustment of the dynamic zero-COVID-19 strategy. However, how different vaccination states...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in China has grown rapidly after adjustment of the dynamic zero-COVID-19 strategy. However, how different vaccination states affect symptoms, severity and post COVID conditions was unclear. Here, we used an online questionnaire to investigate the infection status of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among 11,897 participants, with 55.55% positive and 28.42% negative. The common COVID-19 symptoms were fatigue (73.31%), cough (70.02%), fever (65.25%) and overall soreness (58.64%); self-reported asymptomatic infection accounted for 0.7% of participants. The persistent symptoms at 1 month after infection included fatigue (48.7%), drowsiness (34.3%), cough (30.1%), decreased exercise ability (23.1%) and pharyngeal discomfort (19.4%), which was reduced by more than 200% at 2 months. Participants with complications such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory diseases, diabetes, hypertension, etc. have a higher proportion of hospitalization and longer recovery time (< = 0.01). Multiple vaccination statuses reduced the infection ( < 0.001) and severity rates ( = 0.022) by varying degrees as well as reduced the risk of high fever (>39.1 °C), chills, diarrhea and ageusia/anosmia, respectively ( < 0.05). Vaccination may enhance some upper respiratory symptoms, including sore throat, nasal congestion and runny nose, respectively ( < 0.05). Participants who had been vaccinated within 3 months were better protected by helping reduce their risk of overall soreness, chills and ageusia/anosmia, respectively ( < 0.05). In conclusion, our work has updated the epidemic characteristics of the breakthrough infection (BTI) wave after the dynamic zero-COVID-19 strategy, providing data and insights on how different vaccination statuses affect COVID-19 symptoms and disease prognosis.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Ageusia; Anosmia; Breakthrough Infections; Chills; Cough; China; Fatigue; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37691586
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2258232 -
Turkish Neurosurgery Aug 2023Taste consists of perception and sensation. Specific neural structures transmit a stimulus from the taste buds to the gustatory cortex to generate taste sensation. Any...
Taste consists of perception and sensation. Specific neural structures transmit a stimulus from the taste buds to the gustatory cortex to generate taste sensation. Any disruption of this pathway, whether it affects sensation or perception, can result in taste disorders. Stereotactic procedures involving the thalamus may result in gustatory complications. A 41-year-old female patient who underwent stereotactic drainage of a thalamic cyst suffered transient ageusia. Subsequently, she developed metallic taste perception. When her stereotactic plan was re-evaluated, it was noted that the posteromedial ventral thalamus nucleus was in the path of the needle tract and the needle had passed through it. Follow-up was recommended and her symptoms completely resolved within 2 months following surgery. Modern imaging techniques allow for the visualization of neural structures related to the sense of taste. Additionally, care must be taken when planning stereotactic procedures for such lesions.
PubMed: 38874247
DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.43601-23.3 -
The Canadian Journal of Neurological... Jan 2021Albeit primarily a disease of respiratory tract, the 2019 coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has been found to have causal association with a plethora of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Albeit primarily a disease of respiratory tract, the 2019 coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) has been found to have causal association with a plethora of neurological, neuropsychiatric and psychological effects. This review aims to analyze them with a discussion of evolving therapeutic recommendations.
METHODS
PubMed and Google Scholar were searched from 1 January 2020 to 30 May 2020 with the following key terms: "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "pandemic", "neuro-COVID", "stroke-COVID", "epilepsy-COVID", "COVID-encephalopathy", "SARS-CoV-2-encephalitis", "SARS-CoV-2-rhabdomyolysis", "COVID-demyelinating disease", "neurological manifestations", "psychosocial manifestations", "treatment recommendations", "COVID-19 and therapeutic changes", "psychiatry", "marginalised", "telemedicine", "mental health", "quarantine", "infodemic" and "social media". A few newspaper reports related to COVID-19 and psychosocial impacts have also been added as per context.
RESULTS
Neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations of COVID-19 are abundant. Clinical features of both central and peripheral nervous system involvement are evident. These have been categorically analyzed briefly with literature support. Most of the psychological effects are secondary to pandemic-associated regulatory, socioeconomic and psychosocial changes.
CONCLUSION
Neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations of this disease are only beginning to unravel. This demands a wide index of suspicion for prompt diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 to prevent further complications and mortality.
Topics: Ageusia; Alzheimer Disease; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; Anosmia; Brain Diseases; COVID-19; Cerebellar Ataxia; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Comorbidity; Delivery of Health Care; Demyelinating Diseases; Disease Management; Dizziness; Epilepsy; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; Headache; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Inflammation; Meningoencephalitis; Muscular Diseases; Myelitis, Transverse; Myoclonus; Nervous System Diseases; Parkinson Disease; Polyneuropathies; SARS-CoV-2; Seizures; Stroke; Viral Tropism
PubMed: 32753076
DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2020.173 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Jul 2020Various neurological manifestations have been reported in the literature associated with COVID-19, which in the current study are classified into Central Nervous System... (Review)
Review
RESULTS
Various neurological manifestations have been reported in the literature associated with COVID-19, which in the current study are classified into Central Nervous System (CNS) related manifestations including headache, dizziness, impaired consciousness, acute cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy, and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) related manifestations such as hyposmia/anosmia, hypogeusia/ageusia, muscle pain, and Guillain-Barre syndrome.
CONCLUSION
During the current context of COVID-19 pandemic, physicians should be aware of wide spectrum of neurological COVID-19 sign and symptoms for early diagnosis and isolation of patients. In this regard, COVID-19 has been associated with many neurological manifestations such as confusion, anosmia, and ageusia. Also, various evidences support the possible CNS roles in the COVID-19 pathophysiology. In this regard, further investigation of CNS involvement of SARS-COV-2 is suggested.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Coronavirus Infections; Headache; Humans; Nervous System Diseases; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32483687
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04486-3 -
Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni... 2022Taste disturbances are present in 20.3-88.0% of COVID-19 cases and are the first signs of infection in 11.0-18.1% of cases. They often manifested 3-7 days after the...
Taste disturbances are present in 20.3-88.0% of COVID-19 cases and are the first signs of infection in 11.0-18.1% of cases. They often manifested 3-7 days after the onset of general respiratory symptoms and last 2 to 16 days, followed by recovery. There are also prolonged disturbances of taste sensation (up to 61-76 days or more), which is associated with damage to various types of receptor cells of the mucous membrane of the tongue. More severe taste disturbances are recorded in the elderly. In women, changes in taste sensation are noted more often than in men, and with a longer recovery period. Severe and critical forms of taste disorders predominate in COVID-19; dysgeusia, as a rule, prevails over hypogeusia and ageusia. Taste disturbance is a common clinical symptom in COVID-19, which can and should be considered as a marker of early manifestation of coronavirus infection.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Aged; COVID-19; Taste Disorders; Ageusia; Dysgeusia; Olfaction Disorders
PubMed: 36537627
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202212212123 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Ageusia; Propofol; Anosmia; Anesthesia, General
PubMed: 37734983
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.07.001 -
Journal of Neurology Research Oct 2020Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease caused by a new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated with many... (Review)
Review
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease caused by a new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been associated with many neurological symptoms. The purpose of this article is to describe the neurological manifestations so far reported and their probable pathogenesis. We conducted a literature review on EMBASE, MEDLINE and SCIELO databases using the terms "COVID-19", "COVID", "neurological", "neurologic", "manifestations", "implications", "Guillain-Barre syndrome", "encephalopathy". A total of 33 articles including clinical series, retrospective studies, and case reports were selected and thoroughly reviewed to describe neurological manifestations of COVID-19. There are several neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection with different clinical presentations, severity, and prevalence. The most critical ones, such as cerebrovascular disease, encephalopathy, and Guillain-Barre syndrome, were less common and usually associated with previous medical history, known risk factors for cerebrovascular disease or advanced age. The main hypotheses for the spread of the virus are through the hematogenous route or the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone or a disseminated severe immune response by a cytokine storm. The presence of neurological disturbances associated with laboratory tests alterations is an important clue for the physicians to promptly recognize neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV-2.
PubMed: 33984100
DOI: 10.14740/jnr619