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American Journal of Respiratory and... Jun 2019
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Airway Obstruction; Breathing Exercises; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Vocal Cord Dysfunction
PubMed: 31199188
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.19912P23 -
Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) Sep 2020AS offers rapid and sustained relief of symptoms in most patients treated for malignant or benign CAO and can also be curative in itself in cases of benign... (Review)
Review
AS offers rapid and sustained relief of symptoms in most patients treated for malignant or benign CAO and can also be curative in itself in cases of benign tracheobronchial stenosis. In the past 30 years, this field has seen significant progress, from the misuse of vascular non-covered metallic stents to the development of silicone airway stents with an increasingly large panel of shapes and of hybrid, partially or fully covered, SEMS customized to the airways. This study aims to offer an overview on: (i) the respective advantages and drawbacks of these two main categories of devices; (ii) the main indications for AS and the rationale behind the choice of stent in each situation; and (iii) the main promises borne from the progress made in the field in the past few years, including the development of drug-eluting, biodegradable or patient-specific customized AS.
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Bronchoscopy; Equipment Design; Humans; Patient Selection; Prosthesis Implantation; Self Expandable Metallic Stents; Silicones; Stents
PubMed: 32162394
DOI: 10.1111/resp.13801 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Jun 2023
Topics: Humans; Airway Obstruction; Stents
PubMed: 36588084
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.12.111 -
Anesthesiology Apr 2020
Topics: Airway Management; Airway Obstruction; Epiglottis; Humans; Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal
PubMed: 31972658
DOI: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003136 -
Prague Medical Report 2021Extracorporeal life support has been increasingly utilized in different clinical settings to manage either critical respiratory or heart failure. Complex airway surgery... (Review)
Review
Extracorporeal life support has been increasingly utilized in different clinical settings to manage either critical respiratory or heart failure. Complex airway surgery with significant or even total perioperative airway obstruction represents an indication for this technique to prevent/overcome a critical period of severe hypoxaemia, hypoventilation, and/or apnea. This review summarizes the current published scientific evidence on the utility of extracorporeal respiratory support in airway obstruction associated with hypoxaemia, describes the available methods, their clinical indications, and possible limitations. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using veno-arterial or veno-venous mode is most commonly employed in such scenarios caused by endoluminal, external, or combined obstruction of the trachea and main bronchi.
Topics: Adult; Airway Obstruction; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans
PubMed: 34137682
DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2021.7 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2022Laryngoceles are rare dilated laryngeal saccules that can present as acute airway obstruction and lead to airway emergencies. A man, presented to the emergency room,...
Laryngoceles are rare dilated laryngeal saccules that can present as acute airway obstruction and lead to airway emergencies. A man, presented to the emergency room, with difficulty in breathing and change in voice. An unevaluated pulsatile swelling was present on the left side of neck. Since, the patient was in stridor, an awake fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB)-guided intubation was planned with readiness for emergency tracheostomy, if needed. On FOB, an edematous supraglottic area with a narrowed glottic opening was observed. The procedure was abandoned and a surgical tracheostomy was performed to secure the airway. Postoperative contrast-enhanced CT neck revealed a huge laryngocele in left cervical region. We recommend that a high index of suspicion for presence of laryngocele should be kept in mind when a patient presents with stridor with pulsatile neck swelling. Timely aspiration of laryngocele may help in amelioration of the respiratory distress avoiding emergency tracheostomy.
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Laryngocele; Larynx; Male; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 35272990
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248126 -
Transplant International : Official... Sep 2021Respiratory complications can be the cause of graft dysfunction after lung transplantation (LTx). MicroRNAs are small regulatory molecules-potential biomarkers of...
Respiratory complications can be the cause of graft dysfunction after lung transplantation (LTx). MicroRNAs are small regulatory molecules-potential biomarkers of respiratory diseases and post-transplant complications. Galectin-3 is highly expressed in fibrosis of transplanted solid organs. The aim was to evaluate the expression of plasma miR-339 and galectin-3 concentrations in lung recipients including with airway obstruction after LTx. The study included 57 lung recipients (34 men and 23 women aged 10 to 74 years) were followed up to 5 years after LTx. The plasma microRNAs were detected by real-time PCR; galectin-3 levels were measured by ELISA. During follow-up in 30 recipients, post-transplant complications were detected: 12 (40.0%) cases of airway obstruction. The levels of miR-339 and galectin-3 were significantly higher in recipients with airway obstruction compare with 27 (47.3%) recipients without any complications (P = 0.036 and P = 0.014, resp.). Increasing miR-339 (above the 0.02 fold change) and galectin-3 (above the 11.7 ng/ml) threshold plasma levels in lung recipients is associated with high risk (RR = 7.14 ± 0.97 [95% CI 1.05-48.60], P = 0.045) of airway obstruction after LTx. A measurement of miR-339 expression in combination with galectin-3 level might be perspective to identify recipients at risk of airway obstruction after LTx.
Topics: Airway Obstruction; Female; Galectin 3; Humans; Lung; Lung Transplantation; Male; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 34448266
DOI: 10.1111/tri.13986 -
Paediatric Anaesthesia Mar 2020In utero congenital malformations in the fetus can occasionally lead to an obstructed airway at birth accompanied by hypoxic injury or peripartum demise, without... (Review)
Review
In utero congenital malformations in the fetus can occasionally lead to an obstructed airway at birth accompanied by hypoxic injury or peripartum demise, without intervention. Ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) may help reduce morbidity and mortality associated with challenging airways by providing extra time on uteroplacental circulation to secure the airway. Meticulous preparation and planning are crucial for this procedure. Many different types of congenital malformations can result in a difficult airway, but there is no correlation between specific malformations and a required type of airway intervention. Based on our experience and literature review, an airway process flow diagram has been created to help assist teams in decision-making for airway intervention in a neonate during the EXIT procedure. The management of the airway in this scenario involves additional unique considerations that accompany handling a partially delivered newborn in the uterine environment. Extensive preparation and team rehearsal are essential to the success of this procedure.
Topics: Airway Management; Airway Obstruction; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Placental Circulation; Pregnancy
PubMed: 31898837
DOI: 10.1111/pan.13818 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Aug 2021
Topics: Airway Extubation; Airway Obstruction; Child; Dexamethasone; Humans; Intubation, Intratracheal; Steroids
PubMed: 34010510
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25460 -
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires Jan 2023Up to 30% of lung cancer patients suffer from central airway obstruction, resulting in major deterioration in prognosis and quality of life. Interventional bronchoscopy... (Review)
Review
Up to 30% of lung cancer patients suffer from central airway obstruction, resulting in major deterioration in prognosis and quality of life. Interventional bronchoscopy combines a number of invasive techniques used during rigid bronchoscopy. It is designed to rapidly improve symptoms, primarily dyspnea. Applied according to very precise indications, this technique requires careful patient selection and needs to be incorporated into the multimodal oncological management in combination with systemic treatments, radiation therapy and surgery.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Airway Obstruction; Lung Neoplasms; Bronchoscopy; Prognosis; Stents
PubMed: 36577607
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2022.11.084