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Current Molecular Medicine Mar 2018AAU (acute anterior uveitis) is the most common entity of uveitis characterized by acute vision loss and violent sore eyes. IL-33 and IL-1RacP have been found to play...
BACKGROUND
AAU (acute anterior uveitis) is the most common entity of uveitis characterized by acute vision loss and violent sore eyes. IL-33 and IL-1RacP have been found to play crucial roles in the innate immune system.
OBJECTIVE
In the present study, we investigated the association of IL33 and IL1RAP genes with AAU.
METHOD
A total of 549 AAU patients and 1080 unrelated healthy controls were recruited for this study. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using Sequenom Mass ARRAY technology.
RESULTS
Our findings demonstrated that IL1RAP-rs3773978 significantly associated with AAU and could serve as a genetic risk marker in Chinese AAU patients. A significantly increased frequency of the A allele and AA homozygosity of IL1RAP-rs3773978 was observed in AAU patients compared with that in controls (p=0.001, pc=0.01, OR=1.282, 95% CI 1.106 to 1.487; p=0.0003, pc=0.003, OR=1.647, 95% CI 1.255 to 2.163, respectively). Further stratification analyses showed that the genetic correlation may differ depending on HLA-B27 status, AS (ankylosing spondylitis) status, attack times and laterality status.
CONCLUSION
Our findings provide new insights that enhance the current knowledge of uveitis genetics by demonstrating the specific functional roles of IL1RAP and other IL-1 family genes in uveitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; Case-Control Studies; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Genetic Markers; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein; Interleukin-33; Male; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prognosis; Uveitis, Anterior; Young Adult
PubMed: 29424312
DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666180207154938 -
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Jan 2023To elucidate detailed epidemiological profile of common types of anterior uveitis (AU) in real-world clinical setting of a tertiary facility in Japan, and to evaluate...
PURPOSE
To elucidate detailed epidemiological profile of common types of anterior uveitis (AU) in real-world clinical setting of a tertiary facility in Japan, and to evaluate the characteristic clinical findings at initial presentation.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
METHODS
Clinical charts of 275 patients (335 eyes) aged 52.5 ± 19.1 years were reviewed retrospectively. Herpetic AU was diagnosed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction tests using aqueous humor. Time of uveitis onset, gender, laterality, disease course since the initial onset of AU, visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (IOP) at first visit, and definitive diagnosis were collected from clinical charts.
RESULTS
Acute AU (AAU) was the most common (21.8%) form of AU; followed by herpetic AU (20.7%) comprising Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) (8.0%), Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) (9.1%) and cytomegalo virus (CMV) (3.6%); scleritis (13.5%); diabetic iritis (7.6%), and Posner-Schlossman syndrome (5.5%). Unilateral AU constituted 78.2%, and VA less than 20/30 accounted for 31.2%. Of all the eyes, 16.1% had an IOP higher than 20 mmHg, out of which 37.0% had herpetic AU, followed by scleritis in 25.9%, and Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS) in 11.1%. AU patients over 60 years of age were 40.4%, in which 34.2% had herpetic AU, followed by scleritis in 14.4% and AAU in 13.5%. Herpetic AU patients were significantly older and had higher IOP compared with AAU patients.
CONCLUSION
The most frequent AU was AAU, followed by herpetic AU. Herpetic AU patients were older and had higher intraocular pressure than AAU patients, although VA was equally impaired in both groups.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus; Retrospective Studies; Eye Infections, Viral; Japan; Scleritis; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Uveitis, Anterior; Glaucoma; Acute Disease; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Aqueous Humor; DNA, Viral
PubMed: 36346554
DOI: 10.1007/s10384-022-00961-w -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 2019To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with herpetic anterior uveitis (HAU), and compare characteristics by pathogen, recurrence, and...
PURPOSE
To describe the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with herpetic anterior uveitis (HAU), and compare characteristics by pathogen, recurrence, and association to iris atrophy.
METHODS
Multicenter, retrospective study of AU patients diagnosed clinically and by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
RESULTS
The study included 112 eyes in 109 patients: 54 (48.2%) HSV, 34 (30.4%) VZV, 2 (1.8%) CMV, and 22 (19.6%) unspecified diagnosis. HSV eyes, compared to VZV, had a higher recurrence rate, corneal involvement, KPs, iris atrophy, elevated IOP and posterior synechia (p < 0.05). VZV patients had more frequent immunomodulatory treatments and history of systemic herpetic disease (p < 0.05). Fifty-nine (52.7%) eyes had recurrent disease. Iris atrophy was associated with a higher prevalence of posterior synechia, dilated distorted pupil, and high IOP (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Different HAU-causing Herpesviridae produce common clinical findings; therefore, PCR should be used more often to confirm specific diagnosis. Iris atrophy was associated with more severe disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aqueous Humor; Child; Child, Preschool; DNA, Viral; Eye Infections, Viral; Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus; Herpesvirus 3, Human; Humans; Middle Aged; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retrospective Studies; Uveitis, Anterior; Young Adult
PubMed: 30311824
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2018.1483521 -
Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology Nov 2023Posner Schlossman syndrome is a well-defined uveitis entity that is characterised by relapsing remitting unilateral anterior uveitis with markedly raised intraocular...
BACKGROUND
Posner Schlossman syndrome is a well-defined uveitis entity that is characterised by relapsing remitting unilateral anterior uveitis with markedly raised intraocular pressure. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for progression in patients with Posner Schlossman syndrome.
METHODS
Ninety-eight patients were enrolled in a retrospective case series. Progression was defined as a composite endpoint of any of development of permanent glaucoma (in patients with no evidence of glaucomatous loss on presentation), corneal failure, or chronic inflammation. Relapse was defined as a resolving episode of inflammation not meeting the criteria for progression.
RESULTS
Seventy seven percent of patients relapsed on average each 2.2 years. Forty percent of patients progressed. On univariate analysis, increased age at enrolment, immunocompromise at enrolment, the presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy at enrolment, the performance of an anterior chamber tap and a positive anterior chamber tap were all associated with increased risk of progression. On multivariate analysis, age at enrolment, immunocompromise at enrolment, the performance of an anterior chamber tap, and the presence of glaucomatous optic neuropathy at enrolment were independently associated with increased risk of disease progression.
CONCLUSIONS
Posner Schlossman syndrome is not a benign uveitis entity and risk of both relapse and progression are high. Older patients, immunocompromised patients, patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy at enrolment and those with a positive anterior chamber tap are all at increased risk of progression.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Iridocyclitis; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Glaucoma; Uveitis; Uveitis, Anterior; Optic Nerve Diseases; Inflammation; Recurrence; Intraocular Pressure
PubMed: 37700734
DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14292 -
Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology Apr 2019
Topics: Eye Infections, Viral; Humans; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 31016856
DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13509 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 2018The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of molecularly proven Herpes simplex virus (HSV) anterior uveitis. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of molecularly proven Herpes simplex virus (HSV) anterior uveitis.
METHODS
The literature on HSV anterior uveitis whereby the diagnosis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and or Goldmann-Witmer coefficient in aqueous humor was reviewed. Three studies from Europe and one from Japan could be included.
RESULTS
It was observed that HSV anterior uveitis is mostly an acute unilateral disease mainly occurring in middle-aged people with a predominance in females. The incidence of keratitis in HSV is between 33 and 41%. High intraocular pressure is frequently observed and ranged from 46 to 90%. Sectorial iris atrophy may be absent, especially early in the disease.
CONCLUSION
The clinical characteristics of HSV anterior uveitis can mimic other viral and non-infectious anterior uveitis entities especially at onset. Aqueous humor analysis for PCR and GWC can be useful in case of suspected viral uveitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Age Distribution; Antibodies, Viral; DNA, Viral; Eye Infections, Viral; Female; Herpes Simplex; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sex Factors; Simplexvirus; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 29345511
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2017.1420806 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2022Anterior uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation in children diagnosed with Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It is typically a non-granulomatous,...
Anterior uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation in children diagnosed with Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It is typically a non-granulomatous, chronic, and asymptomatic uveitis. The lack of acute symptoms often delays the diagnosis with the incidence of severe ocular complications. Chorioretinitis lesions have been described in only 1% of cases. The absence of fundus changes can be explained by the impossibility of performing fundoscopy through the cloudy ocular media, secondary to inflammation. A 7-year-old female with a 3-month history of painless reduced vision came to have an eye examination. An initial diagnosis of bilateral anterior granulomatous uveitis complicated with glaucoma and cataract was formulated. Because of the concomitant diagnosis of COVID-19 disease (same day as the eye examination), the child was hospitalized in a hometown COVID-19 patient ward, so both local and general treatment, monitorization, and investigations were discontinued. The following eye examination revealed the persistence of anterior uveitis, inflammatory glaucoma, cataract, and the appearance of band keratopathy. Fundoscopy revealed numerous disseminated lesions of choroiditis. Further examinations established JIA-associated uveitis diagnosis, so systemic corticosteroids were initiated followed by Methotrexate and Adalimumab. . BVA = best visual acuity, CVA = corrected visual acuity, CS = corticosteroids, IOP = Intraocular pressure, JIA = Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, JIA-U = Juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis, LE = left eye, MTX = Methotrexate, OU = both eyes, OCT = Optical Coherence Tomography, RE = right eye, TNF = tumor necrosis factor.
Topics: Arthritis, Juvenile; COVID-19; Cataract; Child; Female; Glaucoma; Humans; Methotrexate; Uveitis; Uveitis, Anterior; Uveitis, Posterior
PubMed: 35935079
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2022.36 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Aug 2016Acute anterior uveitis is generally recognized as the most common form of uveitis. An association with HLA-B27 is seen in approximately half of cases of acute anterior... (Review)
Review
Acute anterior uveitis is generally recognized as the most common form of uveitis. An association with HLA-B27 is seen in approximately half of cases of acute anterior uveitis. The prevalence of HLA-B27 varies widely between ethnic populations, with an approximate 8-10% prevalence in non-Hispanic whites and lower prevalence in Mexican- (4%) and African- (2-4%) Americans. A group of systemic inflammatory diseases, the spondyloarthropathies, similarly demonstrates a strong association with HLA-B27. The strength of association varies, depending on the specific spondyloarthropathy, with the strongest association found in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The majority of patients with HLA-B27 associated uveitis will have an underlying spondyloarthropathy. Suspicion for HLA-B27 associated uveitis should prompt a careful clinical history to assess for features of a spondyloarthropathy as the characteristics of any associated uveitis may vary.
Topics: Acute Disease; Ethnicity; HLA-B27 Antigen; Humans; Prevalence; Spondylarthropathies; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 27232197
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1175642 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Aug 2021To describe a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated anterior uveitis after receiving the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine.
PURPOSE
To describe a case of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated anterior uveitis after receiving the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine.
METHODS
A retrospective case report.
RESULTS
An 18-year-old girl, with a history of antinuclear antibody positive oligoarticular JIA, presented with bilateral anterior uveitis 5 days after the second dose of the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine. Ocular examination revealed anterior uveitis with reduced visual acuity in both eyes. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography showed hyperreflective dots in the anterior chamber (AC) and fine endothelial granularities representing the circulating cells in the AC. Uveitis in both eyes resolved gradually after topical steroid treatment without recurrence.
CONCLUSION
This report demonstrates a potential causal association of COVID-19 vaccine with anterior uveitis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Administration, Ophthalmic; Adolescent; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Ophthalmic Solutions; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Uveitis, Anterior; Vaccination; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 34379565
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2021.1962917 -
Journal Francais D'ophtalmologie Jun 2021
Topics: Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Leprosy, Lepromatous; Uveitis, Anterior
PubMed: 33618907
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.07.020