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Annals of the American Thoracic Society Sep 2022
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; Coal; Coal Mining; Humans; Pneumoconiosis; Silicon Dioxide
PubMed: 36048122
DOI: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202206-528ED -
Indian Journal of Occupational and... 2015Nonoccupational anthracosis and silicosis has been reported from various parts of the world including Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, India; however, anthracosilicosis has...
BACKGROUND
Nonoccupational anthracosis and silicosis has been reported from various parts of the world including Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, India; however, anthracosilicosis has only been reported in industrial workers till date.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Six cases from the Ladakh region in Jammu and Kashmir, India with similar clinico-radiological-pathological features, i.e., anthracosilicosis/anthracofibrosis have been analyzed. Of these, four were analyzed retrospectively and two prospectively.
RESULT
All the patients were homemakers and resided in Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, India since birth with an age range of 42-62 years and an average age of 56 years. Their average duration of symptoms was 4 years. Spirometry showed small and/or large airway disease in 5/6 cases. On computed tomography (CT), 4/6 cases showed progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) with calcified mediastinal lymph nodes. There were random or centrilobular nodules in all the six cases. Bronchoscopy in 5/6 cases showed multiple anthracotic pigments with narrowing and distortion of the bronchus (anthracofibrosis). Malignancy was suspected clinico-radiologically in four cases and pathologically in two cases. On histopathology, anthracosis was demonstrated in all and silicosis in three cases.
CONCLUSION
Anthracosilicosis can occur due to environmental exposure. Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, India is the only place across the globe with unique environmental features having the presence of both free silica and biomass fuel. The disease was observed predominantly in older women. Awareness would prevent unnecessary investigation for malignancy. Treatment with the bronchodilator is useful as it has evidence of airway disease. Finally, environmental measures and a proper study need to be undertaken for knowing the relative role of silica versus soot in causing the lung disease and preventing this irreversible condition.
PubMed: 26957815
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5278.173995 -
Mutagenesis Apr 2018Anthracosilicosis (AS), a prevalent form of pneumoconiosis among coal miners, results from the accumulation of carbon and silica in the lungs from inhaled coal dust....
Associations of polymorphisms in the cytokine genes IL1β (rs16944), IL6 (rs1800795), IL12b (rs3212227) and growth factor VEGFA (rs2010963) with anthracosilicosis in coal miners in Russia and related genotoxic effects.
Anthracosilicosis (AS), a prevalent form of pneumoconiosis among coal miners, results from the accumulation of carbon and silica in the lungs from inhaled coal dust. This study investigated genotoxic effects and certain cytokine genes polymorphic variants in Russian coal miners with АS. Peripheral leukocytes were sampled from 129 patients with AS confirmed by X-ray and tissue biopsy and from 164 asymptomatic coal miners. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped in the extracted DNA samples: IL1β T-511C (rs16944), IL6 C-174G (rs1800795), IL12b A1188C (rs3212227) and VEGFA C634G (rs2010963). Genotoxic effects were assessed by the analysis of chromosome aberrations in cultured peripheral lymphocytes. The mean frequency of chromatid-type aberrations and chromosome-type aberrations, namely, chromatid-type breaks and dicentric chromosomes, was found to be higher in AS patients [3.70 (95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.29-4.10) and 0.28 (95% CI, 0.17-0.38)] compared to the control group [2.41 (95% CI, 2.00-2.82) and 0.09 (95% CI, 0.03-0.15)], respectively. IL1β gene T/T genotype (rs16944) was associated with AS [17.83% in AS patients against 4.35% in healthy donors, odds ratio = 4.77 (1.88-12.15), P < 0.01]. A significant increase in the level of certain chromosome interchanges among AS donors is of interest because such effects are typical for radiation damage and caused by acute oxidative stress. IL1β T allele probably may be considered as an AS susceptibility factor among coal miners.
Topics: Adult; Anthracosilicosis; Chromosome Aberrations; Coal; Coal Mining; DNA Damage; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Humans; Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Male; Middle Aged; Miners; Occupational Exposure; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Silicon Dioxide; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed: 29378067
DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex047 -
Clinical Nuclear Medicine Oct 2017This interesting image illustrates a case of biopsy-proven pulmonary anthracosilicosis, a mixed dust pneumoconiosis, associated with Ga-PSMA-ligand uptake....
This interesting image illustrates a case of biopsy-proven pulmonary anthracosilicosis, a mixed dust pneumoconiosis, associated with Ga-PSMA-ligand uptake. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an emerging imaging biomarker, with clinical application in evaluation of prostate cancer using Ga-PSMA-ligand PET/CT. Contrary to its name, PSMA is expressed in a number of other normal tissues and pathological states. Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression has been linked to tumor angiogenesis in various other epithelial neoplasms, as well as neovasculature associated with tissue regeneration and repair. Awareness of nonneoplastic inflammatory conditions associated with Ga-PSMA-ligand uptake aids in patient assessment and management.
Topics: Aged; Anthracosilicosis; Biological Transport; Edetic Acid; Gallium Isotopes; Gallium Radioisotopes; Humans; Ligands; Male; Oligopeptides; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography
PubMed: 28806260
DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001782 -
Meditsina Truda I Promyshlennaia... Aug 2016To design forecasting system, the authors studied occurrence of atherosclerosis and its risk factors in 152 workers of coal mines in South Kouzbass (tunnellers, cleaning...
To design forecasting system, the authors studied occurrence of atherosclerosis and its risk factors in 152 workers of coal mines in South Kouzbass (tunnellers, cleaning pit-face miners, mining excavator operators), suffering from anthracosilicosis. Atherosclerosis was revealed in 124 (81.6%) workers with anthracosilicosis. With Bayess method for independent signs and Wald's sequential analysis method, the authors created a way to forecast atherosclerosis with coronary, extracranial and peripheral arteries involvement in miners with anthracosilicosis. Maximal risk of atherosclerosis in miners with anthracosilicosis is associated with following parameters: age 45 years and over, arterial hypertension, smoking, abdominal obesity type, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, respiratory failure, family history of IHD, hypercholesterolemia, increased LDL cholesterol, decreased HDL cholesterol, increased atherogeneity coefficient, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased C-reactive protein, hypersthenic type according to Reese-Isenc index, andromorphic type according to Tanner index, blood group. markers A (II) and B (III), rhesus negative, MN and NN. Through increased number of factors analyzed and selected additional markers, accuracy of atherosclerosis forecasting is increased - that enables to proceed with opportune treatment and prevention.
Topics: Adult; Anthracosilicosis; Atherosclerosis; Coal Mining; Humans; Middle Aged; Occupational Diseases; Russia
PubMed: 30351698
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Aug 2023Although thoracic surgeons occasionally encounter dense adhesions of interlobar lymph node anthracosilicosis with the pulmonary artery, adhesiolysis may be challenging....
BACKGROUND
Although thoracic surgeons occasionally encounter dense adhesions of interlobar lymph node anthracosilicosis with the pulmonary artery, adhesiolysis may be challenging. Besides, characteristic microscopic features of the adherent lesion remain limited.
CASE PRESENTATION
During a thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy of a patient with stage IA3 primary lung adenocarcinoma, several interlobar lymph nodes adhered to the posterior ascending branch of the pulmonary artery to the right upper lobe were noted. After an unplanned conversion to a thoracotomy to avoid massive bleeding, the pulmonary artery branch was safely isolated. Microscopic examination revealed lymph node anthracosilicosis proximal to the peripheral pulmonary artery wall, with granulomatous inflammation. The adventitial stroma of the pulmonary artery developed into dense and borderless fibrous tissue with dust-laden macrophages.
CONCLUSIONS
Our pathological findings on lymph node anthracosilicosis provide substantial evidence that adhesions between lymph nodes and the pulmonary artery walls may develop into dense and borderless fibrous tissue. This finding would remind thoracic surgeons that adhesiolysis could cause injury to the pulmonary artery.
Topics: Humans; Pulmonary Artery; Anthracosilicosis; Tissue Adhesions; Lymph Nodes; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 37605209
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02348-5 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... 2018Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in gastric cancer and precise assessment of nodal status facilitates optimal therapeutic decisions....
INTRODUCTION
Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in gastric cancer and precise assessment of nodal status facilitates optimal therapeutic decisions. Many diagnostic modalities including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), computed tomography (CT), and sometimes, positron emission tomography (PET) have been utilized to improve diagnostic accuracy in detecting metastatic lymph nodes; however, their accuracy remains unsatisfactory.
PRESENTATION OF CASE
We report a case of a 73-year old male patient who was erroneously diagnosed with stage IV gastric cancer due to the distant nodal metastasis from early gastric cancer lesion during the initial staging process. However, surgical exploration revealed an anthracosilicosis-associated lymphadenopathy that mimicked extensive distant nodal metastasis in the preoperative CT and PET-CT scans. The patient was finally diagnosed with stage I gastric cancer confined to the mucosa without nodal metastasis.
DISCUSSION
We report a rare case of gastric cancer concurrent extensive nodal involvement of anthracosilicosis mimicking metastatic nodal disease in the imaging studies. This case implies that PET-CT scan for clinical staging is not specific enough to clearly delineate malignant lesions, causing a diagnostic dilemma.
CONCLUSION
When the characteristics of the primary tumor is poorly correlated to the findings of imaging studies, surgical exploration can be a viable option for a definitive diagnosis before making a hasty decision based only upon the diagnostic imaging results.
PubMed: 30219658
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2018.08.055 -
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and... Dec 2023A case of symptomatic cervical adenopathy is reported as a presentation of silicosis. Silicosis is one of the most important occupational health diseases worldwide...
A case of symptomatic cervical adenopathy is reported as a presentation of silicosis. Silicosis is one of the most important occupational health diseases worldwide caused by the inhalation of airborne silica particles. The presence of thoracic adenopathies is a common clinical feature of silicosis, cervical silicotic adenopathies on the other hand are rare and unknown to most clinicians and can therefore lead to a differential diagnostic problem. Awareness of the clinical, radiological, and histological features is key for the diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Silicosis; Lymphadenopathy
PubMed: 37172780
DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101493 -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Aug 2015Mechanisms of intracellular defense of rat cardiomyocytes were studied in dynamics of anthracosilicosis development induced by long-term inhalation of coal and rock...
Mechanisms of intracellular defense of rat cardiomyocytes were studied in dynamics of anthracosilicosis development induced by long-term inhalation of coal and rock dust. It was shown that synthesis of transcription factor HIF-1α and protective proteins increased in the heart at the early stages of coal and rock dust inhalation (1-3 weeks), and these changes limited the development of free radical oxidation and activated metabolism of glucose and fatty acids. Exposure to coal and rock dust for 6-12 weeks activated free radical oxidation and decreased basal metabolism in cardiomyocytes.
Topics: Animals; Anthracosilicosis; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; Male; Myocardium; Myocytes, Cardiac; Oxidation-Reduction; Protective Factors; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 26388578
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-2983-9 -
Journal of Occupational and... Jan 2015To characterize exposure histories and respiratory disease among surface coal miners identified with progressive massive fibrosis from a 2010 to 2011 pneumoconiosis...
OBJECTIVE
To characterize exposure histories and respiratory disease among surface coal miners identified with progressive massive fibrosis from a 2010 to 2011 pneumoconiosis survey.
METHODS
Job history, tenure, and radiograph interpretations were verified. Previous radiographs were reviewed when available. Telephone follow-up sought additional work and medical history information.
RESULTS
Among eight miners who worked as drill operators or blasters for most of their tenure (median, 35.5 years), two reported poor dust control practices, working in visible dust clouds as recently as 2012. Chest radiographs progressed to progressive massive fibrosis in as few as 11 years. One miner's lung biopsy demonstrated fibrosis and interstitial accumulation of macrophages containing abundant silica, aluminum silicate, and titanium dust particles.
CONCLUSIONS
Overexposure to respirable silica resulted in progressive massive fibrosis among current surface coal miners with no underground mining tenure. Inadequate dust control during drilling/blasting is likely an important etiologic factor.
Topics: Anthracosilicosis; Coal Mining; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Occupations; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radiography
PubMed: 25563541
DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000302