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Clinical Pharmacology in Drug... Mar 2018
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; GABA Agents; Gabapentin; Humans; Pregabalin; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29579375
DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.446 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2020Herbal medicines containing species have been widely used to treat anxiety since ancient times. The species L. is included in many Pharmacopoeias, and it is the most... (Review)
Review
Herbal medicines containing species have been widely used to treat anxiety since ancient times. The species L. is included in many Pharmacopoeias, and it is the most used species in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. However, there are around 600 species of the genus and probably other species that can be used safely. Thus, this article was based on a search into the uses of the main species of the genus with anxiolytic activity and its main secondary metabolites and some pharmacological studies, patents, and registered products containing Furthermore, the Brazilian Regulatory Health Agency Datavisa, Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency of the United Kingdom, and the European Medicines Agency websites were consulted. The results showed that species have health benefits but clinical trials are still scarce. The complexity of extracts creates challenges for the development of herbal medicines. is the most studied species of the genus and the most used in natural anxiolytic herbal medicine formulations. However, there are hundreds of species potentially useful for medicinal and nutraceutical purposes that are still little explored.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Brazil; Humans; Passiflora; Patents as Topic; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 32765195
DOI: 10.1155/2020/6598434 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jan 2020
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Humans
PubMed: 31928618
DOI: No ID Found -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022Aromas have a powerful influence in our everyday life and are known to exhibit an array of pharmacological properties, including anxiolytic, anti-stress, relaxing, and... (Review)
Review
Aromas have a powerful influence in our everyday life and are known to exhibit an array of pharmacological properties, including anxiolytic, anti-stress, relaxing, and sedative effects. Numerous animal and human studies support the use of aromas and their constituents to reduce anxiety-related symptoms and/or behaviours. Although the exact mechanism of how these aromas exert their anxiolytic effects is not fully understood, the GABAergic system is thought to be primarily involved. The fragrance emitted from a number of plant essential oils has shown promise in recent studies in modulating GABAergic neurotransmission, with GABA receptors being the primary therapeutic target. This review will explore the anxiolytic and sedative properties of aromas found in common beverages, such as coffee, tea, and whisky as well aromas found in food, spices, volatile organic compounds, and popular botanicals and their constituents. In doing so, this review will focus on these aromas and their influence on the GABAergic system and provide greater insight into viable anxiety treatment options.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Odorants; Oils, Volatile; Plant Oils; Receptors, GABA-A
PubMed: 35458615
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082414 -
SAAD Digest Jan 2016
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Benzodiazepines; Diazepam; GABA Modulators; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Midazolam
PubMed: 27145551
DOI: No ID Found -
Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.) Jan 2023The number of benzodiazepine (BZD) prescriptions has substantially increased over the past decade, leading to a parallel rise in rates of misuse and overdose. These...
The number of benzodiazepine (BZD) prescriptions has substantially increased over the past decade, leading to a parallel rise in rates of misuse and overdose. These increases have prompted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to update its "boxed warning" and have caused organizations to revisit prescribing guidelines. Concurrently, strong evidence from clinical trials supports the anxiolytic efficacy of BZDs. Although antidepressants and psychotherapy remain preferred treatments for chronic anxiety, BZDs remain helpful in treating acute or severe and persistent anxiety that does not respond to first-line therapy. Provider and patient education, coupled with prescribing surveillance, may be preferable to an overly stringent regulatory approach to guiding BZD use.
Topics: Humans; Benzodiazepines; Drug Overdose; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Walking
PubMed: 36321316
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202100671 -
Phytomedicine : International Journal... Dec 2016Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders treated in primary care, yet current therapies have limited efficacy and substantial side... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders treated in primary care, yet current therapies have limited efficacy and substantial side effects.
PURPOSE
To evaluate long-term chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) use for prevention of GAD symptom relapse.
METHODS
Outpatients from primary care practices and local communities with a primary diagnosis of moderate-to-severe GAD were enrolled for this two-phase study at a large US academic medical center. During Phase 1, eligible participants received 12 weeks of open-label therapy with chamomile pharmaceutical grade extract 1500mg (500mg capsule 3 times daily). During Phase 2, treatment responders were randomized to either 26 weeks of continuation chamomile therapy or placebo in a double-blinded, placebo-substitution design. The primary outcome was time to relapse during continuation therapy, analyzed using Cox proportional hazards. Secondary outcomes included the proportion who relapsed, treatment-emergent adverse events, and vital sign changes. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT01072344.
RESULTS
Between March 1, 2010, and June 30, 2015, we enrolled 179 participants. Of those, 93 (51.9%) were responders and agreed to continue in the double-blind randomized controlled trial. A numerically greater number of placebo-switched (n=12/47; 25.5%) versus chamomile-continuation (n = 7/46; 15.2%) participants relapsed during follow-up. Mean time to relapse was 11.4 ± 8.4 weeks for chamomile and 6.3 ± 3.9 weeks for placebo. Hazard of relapse was non-significantly lower for chamomile (hazard ratio, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.20-1.33; P = 0.16). During follow-up, chamomile participants maintained significantly lower GAD symptoms than placebo (P = 0.0032), with significant reductions in body weight (P = 0.046) and mean arterial blood pressure (P = 0.0063). Both treatments had similar low adverse event rates.
CONCLUSIONS
Long-term chamomile was safe and significantly reduced moderate-to-severe GAD symptoms, but did not significantly reduce rate of relapse. Our limited sample size and lower than expected rate of placebo group relapse likely contributed to the non-significant primary outcome finding. Possible chamomile superiority over placebo requires further examination in large-scale studies.
Topics: Adult; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Blood Pressure; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Matricaria; Middle Aged; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Recurrence; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 27912875
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.012 -
Journal of Basic and Clinical... Jul 2023The vestibular system inhibits both HPA and SAM axis and contributes to the management of anxiety. Both direct and indirect pathways exist in the inhibition of the HPA... (Review)
Review
The vestibular system inhibits both HPA and SAM axis and contributes to the management of anxiety. Both direct and indirect pathways exist in the inhibition of the HPA and SAM axis. In this review article, the authors describe various pathways through which the vestibular system can regulate the HPA and SAM axis activity. Lastly, the authors highlight the need of starting translational research work in this field. Rocking is soothing and this is a universal fact that babies in the swing will calm down and sleep. These soothing effects of vestibular stimulation may be due to the inhibition of cortical and subcortical structures. Vestibular stimulation may be able to manage anxiety through its connections with multiple brain areas. There is a need to undertake translational research in this area to establish strong scientific evidence and recommend implementation of the vestibular stimulation in the management of anxiety.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Cerebral Cortex; Brain; Anxiety
PubMed: 37070257
DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0022 -
Journal of Neuroscience Research Jul 2022The lateral septum (LS) is a structure in the midline of the brain that is interconnected with areas associated with stress and feeding. This review highlights the role... (Review)
Review
The lateral septum (LS) is a structure in the midline of the brain that is interconnected with areas associated with stress and feeding. This review highlights the role of the LS in anxiety, depression, and eating disorders and their comorbidity. There is a prevailing view that the LS is anxiolytic. This review finds that the LS is both anxiolytic and anxiogenic. Furthermore, the LS can promote and inhibit feeding. Given these shared roles, the LS represents a common site for the comorbidity of neuropsychiatric disorders, and therefore a potential pharmacological target. This is crucial since currently available treatments are not always effective. Corticotrophin-releasing factor 2 antagonists are potential drugs for the treatment of anxiety and anorexia and require further research. Furthermore, other drugs currently in trials for binge eating, such as alpha-adrenergic agonists, may in fact promote food intake. It is hoped that the advancements in chemo- and optogenetic techniques will allow future studies to profile the specific neural connections of the LS and their function. This information could facilitate our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and therefore pharmacological targets, of these psychiatric conditions.
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Optogenetics
PubMed: 35443088
DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25052 -
JAMA Oncology Jul 2017
Topics: Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Diagnostic Imaging; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Neoplasms; Self-Help Groups
PubMed: 28358931
DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.0254