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BioEssays : News and Reviews in... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Patents as Topic; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 38631038
DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400081 -
Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2022Cancer is a frightful disease that still poses a 'nightmare' worldwide, causing millions of casualties annually imposing one of the human race's greatest health-care... (Review)
Review
Cancer is a frightful disease that still poses a 'nightmare' worldwide, causing millions of casualties annually imposing one of the human race's greatest health-care challenges that entail a pragmatic treatment strategy. Plants are repositories for new chemical entities and have a promising cancer research path, supplying 60% of the anticancer agents currently used. However, plants and plant-derived products revolutionize the field, as they are quick, cleaner, eco-friendly, low-cost, effective, and less toxic than conventional treatment methods. Alkaloids are important chemical compounds that serve as a rich reservoir for drug discovery and development. However, some alkaloids derived from natural herbs display anti-proliferation and antimetastatic activity on different forms of cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Alkaloids have also been widely formulated as anticancer medications, such as camptothecin and vinblastine. Based on the information in the literature, this review focuses on the naturally-derived bioactive alkaloids with prospective anticancer properties. Still, more research and clinical trials are required before final recommendations can be made on specific alkaloids.
Topics: Alkaloids; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Neoplasms; Plants; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 34254913
DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210712111331 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2023Cancer poses a significant global public health challenge [...].
Cancer poses a significant global public health challenge [...].
Topics: Humans; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms
PubMed: 38003270
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216066 -
Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica... Aug 2018Fungal toxins are secondary metabolites, in which many of them were mycotoxins, affecting eukaryotic cells with a broad range of structural and functional variety... (Review)
Review
Fungal toxins are secondary metabolites, in which many of them were mycotoxins, affecting eukaryotic cells with a broad range of structural and functional variety contributing to the multitude of their classification. This refers to the harmful genotoxic (mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic) effects of mycotoxins on the one hand, and their cytocidic and antineoplastic properties on the other hand. This "double edged sword" effect could be utilized against the spread of tumors in older patients when the survival is much more important than the mutagenic side effects. To decide which fungal toxins could be used as combined cytotoxic and antimetastatic agents, mycotoxins were divided into three categories: (a) highly genotoxic (mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic), (b) adversely toxic, and (c) antitumorigenic agents. Highly cytotoxic mycotoxins with tolerable side effects, combined with an antineoplastic character, could be potential candidates against metastasis. From the structure-function relationship of antimetastatic mycotoxins, only general conclusions have been drawn. The presence of ring structures containing heteroatoms, functional groups, and the cumulative presence of oxygen atoms contributed to the oxidative stress and cytotoxicity of mycotoxins. The preselection of mycotoxins excluded category (a), and only the categories (b) and
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Mycotoxins; Neoplasms
PubMed: 29552898
DOI: 10.1556/030.65.2018.015 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2022Oncological diseases have currently reached an epidemic scale, especially in industrialized countries. Such a situation has prompted complex studies in medicinal... (Review)
Review
Oncological diseases have currently reached an epidemic scale, especially in industrialized countries. Such a situation has prompted complex studies in medicinal chemistry focused on the research and development of novel effective anticancer drugs. In this review, the data concerning new 4-thiazolidinone-bearing hybrid molecules with potential anticancer activity reported during the period from the years 2017-2022 are summarized. The main emphasis is on the application of molecular hybridization methodologies and strategies in the design of small molecules as anticancer agents. Based on the analyzed data, it was observed that the main directions in this field are the hybridization of scaffolds, the hybrid-pharmacophore approach, and the analogue-based drug design of 4-thiazolidinone cores with early approved drugs, natural compounds, and privileged heterocyclic scaffolds. The mentioned design approaches are effective tools/sources for the generation of hit/lead compounds with anticancer activity and will be relevant to future studies.
Topics: Thiazolidines; Drug Design; Antineoplastic Agents; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
PubMed: 36361924
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113135 -
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Jan 2019Quinoxalines are benzopyrazines containing benzene and pyrazine rings fused together. In the recent past, quinoxalines have attracted Medicinal Chemists considerably for... (Review)
Review
Quinoxalines are benzopyrazines containing benzene and pyrazine rings fused together. In the recent past, quinoxalines have attracted Medicinal Chemists considerably for their syntheses and chemistry due to their distinct pharmacological activities. Diverse synthetic protocols have been developed via multicomponent reactions, single pot synthesis and combinatorial approach using efficient catalysts, reagents, and nano-composites etc. Further, the versatility of the quinoxaline core and its reasonable chemical simplicity devise it extremely promising source of bioactive compounds. Therefore, a wide variety of bioactive quinoxalines has been realised as antitumour, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral agents. Already, a few of them are clinical drugs while many more are under various phases of clinical trials. Present review focuses on chemistry and pharmacology (both efficacy and safety) of quinoxalines and also provides some insight in to their structure-activity relationship.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Humans; Molecular Structure; Quinoxalines; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 30502116
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.021 -
Journal of Hematology & Oncology Jul 2023NEDDylation, a post-translational modification through three-step enzymatic cascades, plays crucial roles in the regulation of diverse biological processes.... (Review)
Review
NEDDylation, a post-translational modification through three-step enzymatic cascades, plays crucial roles in the regulation of diverse biological processes. NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) as the only activation enzyme in the NEDDylation modification has become an attractive target to develop anticancer drugs. To date, numerous inhibitors or agonists targeting NAE have been developed. Among them, covalent NAE inhibitors such as MLN4924 and TAS4464 currently entered into clinical trials for cancer therapy, particularly for hematological tumors. This review explains the relationships between NEDDylation and cancers, structural characteristics of NAE and multistep mechanisms of NEDD8 activation by NAE. In addition, the potential approaches to discover NAE inhibitors and detailed pharmacological mechanisms of NAE inhibitors in the clinical stage are explored in depth. Importantly, we reasonably investigate the challenges of NAE inhibitors for cancer therapy and possible development directions of NAE-targeting drugs in the future.
Topics: Humans; Ubiquitins; Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents; NEDD8 Protein
PubMed: 37525282
DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01485-7 -
PloS One 2018To review the scientific literature related to the safe handling of hazardous drugs (HDs). (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review the scientific literature related to the safe handling of hazardous drugs (HDs).
METHOD
Critical analysis of works retrieved from MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINHAL, Web of Science and LILACS using the terms "Hazardous Substances", "Antineoplastic Agents" and "Cytostatic Agents", applying "Humans" and "Guidelines" as filters. Date of search: January 2017.
RESULTS
In total, 1100 references were retrieved, and from those, 61 documents were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria: 24 (39.3%) documents related to recommendations about HDs; 27 (44.3%) about antineoplastic agents, and 10 (33.3%) about other types of substances (monoclonal antibodies, gene medicine and other chemical and biological agents). In 14 (23.3%) guides, all the stages in the manipulation process involving a risk due to exposure were considered. Only one guide addressed all stages of the handling process of HDs (including stages with and without the risk of exposure). The most described stages were drug preparation (41 guides, 67.2%), staff training and/or patient education (38 guides, 62.3%), and administration (37 guides, 60.7%). No standardized informatics system was found that ensured quality management, traceability and minimization of the risks associated with these drugs.
CONCLUSIONS
Most of the analysed guidelines limit their recommendations to the manipulation of antineoplastics. The most frequently described activities were preparation, training, and administration. It would be convenient to apply ICTs (Information and Communications Technologies) to manage processes involving HDs in a more complete and simpler fashion.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Education, Medical, Continuing; Humans; Medical Staff; Patient Education as Topic; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 29750798
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197172 -
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Jun 2019As the number of cases and cancer-related deaths are projected to rise in upcoming years, it is urgent to find ways to prevent or treat cancer. As such, food-derived... (Review)
Review
As the number of cases and cancer-related deaths are projected to rise in upcoming years, it is urgent to find ways to prevent or treat cancer. As such, food-derived products have gained attention as potential chemopreventive agents due to their availability, safety, and low cost. Isothiocyanates, the breakdown products of sulfur-containing glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables, have shown substantial anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive activities for different human cancers. Furthermore, organoselenium compounds are known to exhibit chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity; moreover, these compounds are more effective anticancer agents than their sulfur isosteres. Hence, isothiocyanates have been modified to yield isoselenocyanates, which are more cytotoxic toward cancer cells when compared to their corresponding sulfur analogues. Herein, the synthesis and development of isoselenocyanates as novel treatments for cancer and other diseases are reviewed, highlighting the diverse chemistry and computational studies of this class of compounds as well as their pertinent biological applications.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Humans; Isothiocyanates
PubMed: 30633510
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01698 -
Trends in Pharmacological Sciences Jan 2018The tumor microenvironment (TME) has profound impacts on cancer progression and remodeling of the TME has emerged as a strategy to facilitate cancer therapy. Recently,... (Review)
Review
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has profound impacts on cancer progression and remodeling of the TME has emerged as a strategy to facilitate cancer therapy. Recently, great progress in TME modulation has been made, especially with the rapid developments in nanomedicine. In this review we outline the latest advances in remodeling of the TME based on nanotherapeutics. First, novel strategies developed to modulate the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) are discussed, including disruption, mimicking, and intervening in tumor ECM fabrication. Then, emerging tumor-associated fibroblast (TAF)-based nanotherapeutics are reviewed, including disruption and targeting of TAFs. Furthermore, recent developments in tumor vessel disruption and normalization are discussed. Finally, emerging approaches in response to tumor hypoxia are presented, with special emphasis on delivering oxygen, generating oxygen, and targeting tumor hypoxia.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 29153879
DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2017.10.009