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The Journal of Antibiotics Oct 2016The research on antibiotics requires the integration of broad areas, such as microbiology, organic chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology. It is similar to the field... (Review)
Review
The research on antibiotics requires the integration of broad areas, such as microbiology, organic chemistry, biochemistry and pharmacology. It is similar to the field of chemical biology that is recently popular as an approach for drug discovery. When we isolate a new compound from a microorganism, we can pursue the interesting research on chemistry and biology. In this review, I would like to introduce our achievements in relation to reveromycin A.
Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Humans; Mice; Osteoclasts; Pyrans; Spiro Compounds; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 27270304
DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.57 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Aug 2015Cutaneous metastases occur in up to 9% of all patients with cancer and may cause discomfort and stigmatization. Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment using electric... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous metastases occur in up to 9% of all patients with cancer and may cause discomfort and stigmatization. Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment using electric pulses to permeabilize cell membranes, enabling chemotherapy, such as bleomycin, to enter the cells and increase the cytotoxic effect by at least 300-fold. Electrochemotherapy is an efficient, once only treatment for cutaneous metastases with an objective response of 62-99%. Electrochemotherapy can reduce discomfort such as ulceration, oozing, bleeding and pain. Adverse events depend on the size of treatment area, but are very limited.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Electrochemotherapy; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 26321586
DOI: No ID Found -
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology Feb 2020Anthracyclines Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Daunorubicin and Idarubicin are used to treat a variety of tumor types in the clinics, either alone or, most often, in... (Review)
Review
Anthracyclines Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Daunorubicin and Idarubicin are used to treat a variety of tumor types in the clinics, either alone or, most often, in combination therapies. While their cardiotoxicity is well known, the emergence of chemoresistance is also a major issue accounting for treatment discontinuation. Resistance to anthracyclines is associated to the acquisition of multidrug resistance conferred by overexpression of permeability glycoprotein-1 or other efflux pumps, by altered DNA repair, changes in topoisomerase II activity, cancer stemness and metabolic adaptations. This review further details the metabolic aspects of resistance to anthracyclines, emphasizing the contributions of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway and nucleotide biosynthesis, glutathione, lipid metabolism and autophagy to the chemoresistant phenotype.
Topics: Anthracyclines; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Humans; Molecular Structure; Neoplasms
PubMed: 31112797
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.006 -
Life Sciences Apr 2020Conventional cancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy due to the complexity of cancer have been unsuccessful in the complete... (Review)
Review
Conventional cancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy due to the complexity of cancer have been unsuccessful in the complete eradication of tumor cells. Thus, there is a need for new therapeutic strategies toward cancer. Recently, the therapeutic role of bacteria in different fields of medicine and pharmaceutical research has attracted attention in recent decades. Although several bacteria are notorious as cancer-causing agents, recent research revealed intriguing results suggesting the bacterial potential in cancer therapy. Thus, bacterial cancer therapy is an alternative anticancer approach that has promising results on tumor cells in-vivo. Moreover, with the aid of genetic engineering, some natural or genetically modified bacterial strains can directly target hypoxic regions of tumors and secrete therapeutic molecules leading to cancer cell death. Additionally, stimulation of immune cells by bacteria, bacterial cancer DNA vaccine and antitumor bacterial metabolites are other therapeutic applications of bacteria in cancer therapy. The present study is a comprehensive review of different aspects of bacterial cancer therapy alone and in combination with conventional methods, for improving cancer therapy.
Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bacteria; Combined Modality Therapy; Genetic Engineering; Humans; Immunotherapy; Neoplasms
PubMed: 32032647
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117398 -
Indian Pediatrics Feb 2015
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Bleomycin; Child, Preschool; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Lymphangioma; Male; Tongue
PubMed: 25691206
DOI: 10.1007/s13312-015-0602-5 -
Molecular Pharmaceutics Mar 2018Spatial and temporal control over DNA cleavage by photoactivated enediynes can be complemented by additional factors such as the release of internal strain, chelation,... (Review)
Review
Spatial and temporal control over DNA cleavage by photoactivated enediynes can be complemented by additional factors such as the release of internal strain, chelation, pH changes, intramolecular H-bonds, and substituent effects. This review presents design and reactivity of photoactivated enediynes/enynes and analyses the chemical, biological, and photophysical challenges in their applications.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cyclization; DNA Damage; DNA, Neoplasm; Enediynes; Humans; Light; Lysine; Molecular Structure; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy
PubMed: 29303588
DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00911 -
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Mar 2019Polyether ionophore antibiotics (ionophores) represent a large group of more than 120 lipid-soluble compounds that are widely used in veterinary medicine because of... (Review)
Review
Polyether ionophore antibiotics (ionophores) represent a large group of more than 120 lipid-soluble compounds that are widely used in veterinary medicine because of their significant antimicrobial activity. In addition to the industrial use of ionophores, some of them effectively and selectively inhibit properties of different cancer cells and enhance the antitumor effects of chemo- and/or radiotherapy. Salinomycin (SAL) is particularly interesting in this regard as it shows potent activity against various types of cancer cells, including those that display multi-drug resistance, and cancer stem cells. Therefore, a very interesting direction of research is chemical modification of SAL which may lead to obtaining analogs that are characterized by better biological activity and lower toxicity than those of the starting compound. This review article is focused on the possible role of both SAL-based drug delivery systems and SAL derivatives in future cancer therapy.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Drug Carriers; Humans; Ionophores; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Pyrans
PubMed: 30684870
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.034 -
Redox Biology Jan 2020Doxorubicin (DOX), or Adriamycin, an anthracycline antibiotic discovered serendipitously as a chemotherapeutic drug several decades ago, is still one of the most... (Review)
Review
Doxorubicin (DOX), or Adriamycin, an anthracycline antibiotic discovered serendipitously as a chemotherapeutic drug several decades ago, is still one of the most effective drugs for treating various adult and pediatric cancers (breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, lymphoblastic leukemia). However, one of the major side effects of the continuous use of DOX is dose-dependent, long-term, and potentially lethal cardiovascular toxicity (congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy) in cancer survivors many years after cessation of chemotherapy. In addition, predisposition to cardiotoxicity varied considerably among individuals. The long-held notion that DOX cardiotoxicity is caused by reactive oxygen species formed from the redox-cycling of DOX semiquinone lacks rigorous proof in a chronic animal model, and administration of reactive oxygen species detoxifying agents failed to reverse DOX-induced cardiac problems. In this review, I discuss the pros and cons of the reactive oxygen species pathway as a primary or secondary mechanism of DOX cardiotoxicity, the role of topoisomerases, and the potential use of mitochondrial-biogenesis-enhancing compounds in reversing DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. New approaches for well-designed clinical trials that repurpose FDA-approved drugs and naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds prophylactically to prevent or mitigate cardiovascular complications in both pediatric and adult cancer survivors are needed. Essentially, the focus should be on enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis to prevent or mitigate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
Topics: Animals; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cardiotoxicity; Child; Doxorubicin; Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
PubMed: 31790851
DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101394 -
Acta Pharmaceutica (Zagreb, Croatia) Mar 2021Substances available in nature with potential therapeutic effects are the subject of research that raises tremendous hopes for new challenges in medicine. Fungi are the... (Review)
Review
Substances available in nature with potential therapeutic effects are the subject of research that raises tremendous hopes for new challenges in medicine. Fungi are the most common organisms in the ecosystem and the most interesting in this respect. This review discusses two species of edible fungi, used for centuries in Eastern natural medicine, with the best-documented effect - Hericium erinaceus (He) and Trametes versicolor (Tv). The results of in vivo and in vitro studies conducted on mice and human cell lines demonstrate immunomodulatory, potentially, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative effects of substances isolated from these fungi. The substances contained in the extracts of He and Tv seem to have immunomodulatory effects that may support chemotherapy. The use of these extracts is justified stronger than the other supportive treat ments based on supplements.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Cell Line, Tumor; Hericium; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Mice; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Polyporaceae
PubMed: 32697746
DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0007 -
BMC Cancer Nov 2020The recommended cumulative doxorubicin dose in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) treatment was based on cardiotoxicity data from retrospective studies of breast cancer patients....
BACKGROUND
The recommended cumulative doxorubicin dose in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) treatment was based on cardiotoxicity data from retrospective studies of breast cancer patients. However, the treatment and prognosis of STS and breast cancer are quite different, and reference to breast cancer data alone may not reflect the efficacy of doxorubicin treatment in STS. This study, thus, aimed to review and analyze clinical data of STS patients treated with a high cumulative doxorubicin dose, to provide a reference for treatment selection and clinical trial design.
METHODS
We retrospectively collected and analyzed clinical data of patients with advanced STS who received doxorubicin-based chemotherapy from January 2016 to January 2020. The patients were divided into a standard-dose group (who received ≤6 cycles of doxorubicin after the initial diagnosis) and an over-dose group (who were re-administered doxorubicin [doxorubicin-rechallenge] after receiving 6 cycles of doxorubicin therapy discontinuously). Patient characteristics, cumulative doxorubicin dose, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), cardiotoxicity incidence, and treatment effectiveness were evaluated in both groups.
RESULTS
A total of 170 patients with advanced STS were recruited (146 in the standard-dose group and 24 in the over-dose group). The average cumulative doxorubicin dose was 364.04 ± 63.81 mg/m2 in the standard-dose group and 714.38 ± 210.09 mg/m2 in the over-dose group. The ORR, DCR, and median PFS were 15.07, 58.9%, and 6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.8-6.5) months in the standard-dose group and 16.67, 66.67%, and 4 (95%CI: 2.0-5.8) months in the over-dose group, respectively. Symptomatic heart failure occurred in five patients (3.42%) of the standard-dose group and in one patient (4.17%) of the over-dose group. In these patients with cardiotoxicity, doxorubicin was discontinued, and all of them died of uncontrolled tumor growth. No drug-related deaths occurred.
CONCLUSIONS
The continuation of or rechallenge with doxorubicin beyond the recommended cumulative dose could be a promising therapeutic option in the treatment of chemotherapy-sensitive advanced sarcomas. Further evaluation is necessary in prospective trials.
Topics: Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Doxorubicin; Female; Humans; Male; Sarcoma
PubMed: 33228579
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07663-x