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Clinical Cardiology Jul 2023
Topics: Humans; Antipyretics; Myocarditis
PubMed: 37249254
DOI: 10.1002/clc.24026 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Mar 2019Both young and old leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) are traditionally used to treat inflammation, pain and fever. However, the efficacy of young and old leaves for...
BACKGROUND
Both young and old leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) are traditionally used to treat inflammation, pain and fever. However, the efficacy of young and old leaves for treating these ailments have not been compared till date.
AIM
To ascertain the effect of young and old leaves of VA in managing inflammation, pain and fever.
METHODS
Both quantitative and qualitative phytochemical screening of ethanol extracts of young (EthYL) and old (EthOL) leaves of VA were performed. The anti-inflammatory activity of orally administered EthYL and EthOL (50-200 mg/kg) and Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) were evaluated in carrageenan-induced inflammation model in rats. Antipyretic activity of EthYL, EthOL and Aspirin (25 mg/kg) were assessed in the Baker's yeast-induced pyrexia model. Anti-allodynic effect of both extracts were evaluated by inserting inflamed paws of rats in cold water. Antinociceptive property of the extracts were assessed using tail withdrawal and formalin-induced nociception test. Histopathological examination of the paws was performed, in addition to formalin test to understand the possible mechanism of action of the extracts. Negative control rats received 2 ml/kg normal saline in all tests.
RESULTS
The amount of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and phenolics were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in EthOL than EthYL, while saponins were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in EthYL than EthOL. The antioxidant ability and total antioxidant capacity were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in EthYL than EthOL. However, this was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the anti-oxidant activity of Ascorbic acid. A dose-dependent increase in anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and antinociceptive properties were observed in both EthYL and EthOL, similar to the standard drugs. Mast cell degranulation accompanied by vasodilatation and high leukocytosis were observed in the negative control, but were markedly low in extract treated groups. Both extracts mediated their analgesic effect through opioidergic and nitric oxide pathways with EthYL additionally implicating the muscarinic cholinergic system.
CONCLUSION
Although both EthYL and EthOL alleviate inflammation, pyrexia and nociception, EthYL of VA was found to be more potent than EthOL.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Antipyretics; Carrageenan; Edema; Female; Fever; Inflammation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nociception; Pain; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vernonia
PubMed: 30841432
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.147 -
BioMed Research International 2021Toxicity and untoward effects are very ostensible in most standard drugs including antipyretic agents. Searching for conceivable antipyretic drugs with minimal...
BACKGROUND
Toxicity and untoward effects are very ostensible in most standard drugs including antipyretic agents. Searching for conceivable antipyretic drugs with minimal toxicities and side effects from traditional plants is a growing concern to date. M. (Asteraceae) is one of the most prominent traditional medicinal plants, which is frequently testified for its traditionally claimed uses of treating fever and different infectious and noninfectious disorders by traditional healers in Ethiopian folk medicine. However, this plant has not been scientifically assessed for its traditionally claimed uses. This study therefore is aimed at investigating the antipyretic and antioxidant activities of 80% methanol root extract and the derived solvent fraction of M. in mouse models.
METHODS
Successive solvent maceration with increased polarity was used as the method of extractions, and chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water were used as solvents. After extraction, the crude extract and its derived solvent fractions were assessed for their antipyretic activities using yeast-induced pyrexia while, the antioxidant activities were measured in vitro using the diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay method. Both the extract and solvent fractions were evaluated at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for its antipyretic activities, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated at the doses of 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg/kg. The positive control group was treated with standard drug (ASA 100 mg/kg), while normal saline-receiving groups were assigned as negative control.
RESULT
. crude extract along with its derived solvent fractions showed statistically significant ( < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001) temperature reduction activities. The maximum percentage of temperature reduction was observed by the highest dose (400 mg/kg) of the crude extract. The aqueous fraction also showed significantly ( < 0.05 and 0.01) higher temperature reduction than those of ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions. The free radical scavenging activities of the crude extract were also significantly high at the maximum dose, and the aqueous fraction showed the significantly highest antioxidant activity.
CONCLUSION
In general, the data obtained from the present study clarified that the extract possessed significant antipyretic and antioxidant activities, upholding the traditionally claimed use of the plant.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Antipyretics; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Echinops Plant; Female; Male; Methanol; Mice; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots
PubMed: 33816625
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6670984 -
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires Oct 2015Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in ambulatory medicine for their analgesic and antipyretic properties and are often used as... (Review)
Review
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in ambulatory medicine for their analgesic and antipyretic properties and are often used as self-medication. Their use in community-acquired pneumonia is associated with an increased risk of loco-regional complications, especially pleural empyema. Appropriate therapeutic care and hospital admissions are often delayed because of initial improvement of symptoms with NSAIDs. Despite worrying observational data, a causal link remains to be established. Currently, there is no recommendation cautioning against the use of NSAIDs in the management of community-acquired pneumonia.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antipyretics; Case-Control Studies; Child; Community-Acquired Infections; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; Empyema, Pleural; Fever; Humans; Inflammation; Mice; Neutrophil Infiltration; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Risk; Self Medication
PubMed: 26372616
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2015.06.001 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Mar 2023Medicinal plants belonging to the genus Mimosa, such as Mimosa tenuiflora, M. caesalpinifolia, and M. verrucosa are known for their popular use for asthma, bronchitis...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Medicinal plants belonging to the genus Mimosa, such as Mimosa tenuiflora, M. caesalpinifolia, and M. verrucosa are known for their popular use for asthma, bronchitis and fever. Ethnopharmacological studies report that Mimosa acutistipula is used to treat alopecia and pharyngitis, conditions that can be related to oxidative stress, inflammatory processes and painful limitations. However, there is no studies on its efficacy and mechanism of action.
AIM OF THE STUDY
To elucidate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of M. acutistipula leaves.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Phytochemical profile of M. acutistipula extracts was evaluated by several reaction-specific methods. Secondary metabolites such as tannins, phenols and flavonoids were quantified with colorimetric assays. In vitro antioxidant potential was evaluated using DPPH and ABTS + as free radical scavenging tests, FRAP and phosphomolybdenum as oxide-reduction assays, and anti-hemolytic for lipid peroxidation evaluation. In vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation was performed by paw edema, and peritonitis induced by carrageenan. Analgesic effect and its possible mechanisms were determined by acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and the formalin test. Antipyretic activity was evaluated by yeast-induced fever.
RESULTS
Cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaves had presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenol, alkaloids, terpenes (except methanolic extract), and saponins (only for methanolic and chloroformic extracts). In phenols, flavonoids and tannins quantification, methanolic and ethyl acetate extract had higher amounts of this phytocompounds. Ethyl acetate extract, due to its more expressive quantity of phenols and flavonoids, was chosen for carrying out the in vivo tests. Due to the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation, antioxidant tests were performed, showing that ethyl acetate extract had a high total antioxidant activity (70.18%), moderate activity in DPPH radical scavenging, and a moderate ABTS + radical inhibition (33.61%), and FRAP assay (112.32 μg Fe/g). M. acutistipula showed anti-inflammatory activity, with 54.43% of reduction in paw edema (50 mg/kg) when compared to the vehicle. In peritonitis test, a reduction in the concentration of NO could be seen, which is highly involved in the anti-inflammatory activity and is responsible for the increase in permeability. In the analgesic evaluation, most significant results in writhing test were seen at 100 mg/kg, with a 34.7% reduction of writhing. A dual mechanism of action was confirmed with the formalin test, both neurogenic and inflammatory pain were reduced, with a mechanism via opioid route. In the antipyretic test, results were significantly decreased at all concentrations tested.
CONCLUSION
M. acutistipula leaves ethyl acetate extract showed expressive concentrations of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. It also exhibited anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, besides its antipyretic effect. Thus, these results provide information regarding its popular use and might help future therapeutics involving this specimen.
Topics: Antioxidants; Antipyretics; Mimosa; Plant Extracts; Analgesics; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Pain; Tannins; Flavonoids; Methanol; Phenols; Peritonitis; Edema
PubMed: 36436717
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115964 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2021Natural antioxidants, especially those of plant origins, have shown a plethora of biological activities with substantial economic value, as they can be extracted from...
Natural antioxidants, especially those of plant origins, have shown a plethora of biological activities with substantial economic value, as they can be extracted from agro-wastes and/or under exploited plant species. The perennial hydrophyte, , has been used traditionally to treat several health disorders; however, little is known about its biological and its medicinal effects. Here, we used an integrated in vitro and in vivo framework to examine the potential effect of on oxidative stress, nociception, inflammatory models, and brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Our results suggested a consistent in vitro inhibition of three enzymes, namely 5-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2), as well as a potent antioxidant effect. These results were confirmed in vivo where the studied extract attenuated carrageenan-induced paw edema, carrageenan-induced leukocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity by 25, 44 and 64% at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg, p.o., respectively. Moreover, the extract decreased acetic acid-induced vascular permeability by 45% at 600 mg/kg, p.o., and chemical hyperalgesia in mice by 86% by 400 mg/kg, p.o., in acetic acid-induced writhing assay. The extract (400 mg/kg) showed a longer response latency at the 3 h time point (2.5 fold of the control) similar to the nalbuphine, the standard opioid analgesic. Additionally, pronounced antipyretic effects were observed at 600 mg/kg, comparable to paracetamol. Using LC-MS/MS, we identified 15 secondary metabolites that most likely contributed to the obtained biological activities. Altogether, our findings indicate that has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and antipyretic effects, thus supporting its traditional use and promoting its valorization as a potential candidate in treating oxidative stress-associated diseases.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Antipyretics; Behavior, Animal; Capillary Permeability; Carrageenan; Cell Movement; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Edema; Fever; Iridoid Glucosides; Leukocytes; Male; Mice; Peritoneal Cavity; Phenylpropionates; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Potamogetonaceae; Rats; Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PubMed: 34443414
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164826 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2021Different parts of (bunya pin) trees, such as nuts, seeds, bark, and shoots, are widely used in cooking, tea, and traditional medicines around the world. The shoots...
Different parts of (bunya pin) trees, such as nuts, seeds, bark, and shoots, are widely used in cooking, tea, and traditional medicines around the world. The shoots essential oil (EO) has not yet been studied. Herein, the chemical profile of shoots EO (ABSEO) was created by GC-MS analysis. Additionally, the in vivo oral and topical anti-inflammatory effect against carrageenan-induced models, as well as antipyretic potentiality of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion were evaluated. Forty-three terpenoid components were identified and categorized as mono- (42.94%), sesqui- (31.66%), and diterpenes (23.74%). The main compounds of the ABSEO were beyerene (20.81%), α-pinene (16.21%), D-limonene (14.22%), germacrene D (6.69%), β-humulene (4.14%), and sabinene (4.12%). The ABSEO and its nanoemulsion exhibited significant inflammation suppression in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, in both oral (50 and 100 mg/kg) and topical (5% in soyabean oil) routes, compared to the control and reference drugs groups. All the results demonstrated the significant inflammation reduction via the inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL8), nitrosative (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) supported by the histopathological studies and immunohistochemical assessment of MMP-9 and NF-κβ levels in paw tissues. Moreover, the oral administration of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion (50 and 100 mg/kg) exhibited antipyretic activity in rats, demonstrated by the inhibition of hyperthermia induced by intramuscular injection of brewer's yeast. These findings advised that the use of ABSEO and its nanoemulsion against numerous inflammatory and hyperthermia ailments that could be attributed to its active constituents.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antipyretics; Araucaria; Carrageenan; Edema; Emulsions; Fever; Inflammation; Male; Oils, Volatile; Pain; Plant Extracts; Plant Shoots; Rats; Rats, Wistar
PubMed: 34641376
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195833 -
Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing :... 2015Intravenous (IV) acetaminophen was introduced in the United States in 2011 for use as an analgesic and antipyretic agent. While no studies have looked at its utilization... (Review)
Review
Intravenous (IV) acetaminophen was introduced in the United States in 2011 for use as an analgesic and antipyretic agent. While no studies have looked at its utilization specifically in the pediatric oncology population, existing literature suggests IV acetaminophen is safe and effective to use in both children and adults. This article aims to review and apply current data in evaluating whether or not children with cancer can safely benefit from its use. This article provides clinical indications, safety and efficacy profiles, and nursing implications along with recommendations for future study regarding the use of IV acetaminophen in this population.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Administration, Intravenous; Adolescent; Antipyretics; Child; Child, Preschool; Fever; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Neoplasms; Oncology Nursing; Pediatric Nursing; United States
PubMed: 25037174
DOI: 10.1177/1043454214543018 -
Pharmaceutical Biology 2016Solenostemon monostachyus P. Beauv (Lamiaceae) is an important herb used traditionally in the treatment of malaria, fever, and other diseases.
CONTEXT
Solenostemon monostachyus P. Beauv (Lamiaceae) is an important herb used traditionally in the treatment of malaria, fever, and other diseases.
OBJECTIVES
Antiplasmodial and antipyretic activities of S. monostachyus aerial extract were evaluated to ascertain the folkloric claim of its antimalarial and antipyretic activities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The extract (75-225 mg/kg) and fractions (chloroform and aqueous; 150 mg/kg) of S. monostachyus were investigated for suppressive, prophylactic, and curative antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei infections in Swiss albino mice and for antipyretic activity against 2,4-dinitrophenol and yeast-induced pyrexia. Artesunate (5 mg/kg) and pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg) were used as positive controls for antiplasmodial models. Thin films made from tail blood of each mouse were used to assess the level of parasitaemia of the mice.
RESULTS
The extract/fractions progressively reduced parasitaemia induced by chloroquine sensitive P. berghei infection in prophylactic (28.48-71.72%), suppressive (12.52-72.47%), and curative (22.4-82.34%) models in mice. These reductions were statistically significant (p < 0.01-0.001). They also improved significantly (p < 0.01-0.001) the mean survival time (MST) from 12.26 to 25.63 d relative to control (11.36 d). The activities of extract/fractions were incomparable with that of the standard drugs used (artesunate and pyrimethamine). The extract exerted prominent inhibition of pyrexia on dinitrophenol (87.33-90.11%, 5 h) and yeast (56.22-65.33, 5 h) induced pyrexia. Inhibition was significant (p < 0.05-0.001) from 3 to 5 h post-administration of extract and in a dose-dependent fashion.
CONCLUSION
The plant may possess antiplasmodial and antipyretic effects which may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant.
Topics: Animals; Antimalarials; Antipyretics; Female; Lamiaceae; Malaria; Male; Mice; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Plasmodium berghei; Rats
PubMed: 26474350
DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1070880 -
Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical... Sep 2021The present study was designed to evaluate the antipyretic and antinociceptive activities of R. communis leaves and W. somnifera roots hydroalcoholic extracts in Wistar... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The present study was designed to evaluate the antipyretic and antinociceptive activities of R. communis leaves and W. somnifera roots hydroalcoholic extracts in Wistar rats. To assess the antipyretic activity, Brewer's yeast suspension was used to induce hyperthermia. Antinociceptive activity was observed using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing, formalin-induced paw licking reflex and heat-induced pain models. R. communis and W. somnifera extracts were used at 150, 250 and 500mg/kg. Results showed that administration of both plants significantly (p<0.001) lowered rectal temperature (°C) in a dose-dependent manner from 1h to 4h of study. R. communis and W. somnifera extracts showed a dose-dependent reduction in abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid and decreased the paw licking reflex in formalin-induced nociceptive response. In the heat test, R. communis and W. somnifera extracts exhibited significant (p<0.001) analgesic effects evidenced as an increase in latency time. However, R. communis exhibited prominent antipyretic and antinociceptive activities at 250 and 500mg/kg as compared to W. somnifera. Conclusively, R. communis and W. somnifera could be a potential source of antipyretic and analgesic agents which require further studies.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antipyretics; Body Temperature; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hyperthermia; Pain Measurement; Plant Extracts; Plant Roots; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Ricinus; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Withania
PubMed: 34836854
DOI: No ID Found