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RMD Open May 2023
Topics: Humans; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Spondylarthritis; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Axial Spondyloarthritis
PubMed: 37208031
DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003063 -
JAAPA : Official Journal of the... Mar 2019Acute monoarthritis affects a single joint and has many potential underlying causes, including crystal deposition diseases, infection, trauma, and osteoarthritis. A... (Review)
Review
Acute monoarthritis affects a single joint and has many potential underlying causes, including crystal deposition diseases, infection, trauma, and osteoarthritis. A comprehensive health history and physical examination can help narrow the list of differential diagnoses; judicious diagnostic testing can help pinpoint the diagnosis. Clinicians also must be able to recognize which patients require emergency referral to prevent long-term adverse consequences.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anticoagulants; Arthralgia; Arthritis; Arthritis, Infectious; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; BCG Vaccine; Chondrocalcinosis; Crystal Arthropathies; Diagnosis, Differential; Diphosphonates; Diuretics; Gout; Humans; Joints; Osteoarthritis; Spondylarthropathies
PubMed: 30741851
DOI: 10.1097/01.JAA.0000553379.52389.eb -
The Lancet. Rheumatology Dec 2023Increased research over the past 30 years has greatly improved the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical aspects of autoantibody-positive... (Review)
Review
Increased research over the past 30 years has greatly improved the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical aspects of autoantibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis, resulting in improved management and outcomes. In contrast, the subset of rheumatoid arthritis that does not have autoantibodies (such as rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein autoantibodies) remains less well defined in its pathogenic mechanisms. Autoantibody-negative rheumatoid arthritis continues to pose diagnostic challenges, might respond differently to therapies, and appears to be burdened with different comorbidities and outcomes. The clear separation of rheumatoid arthritis according to serotypes is still a subject of uncertainty and controversy, and studies specifically focused on comparing rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis-like arthritides that do not have autoantibodies remain scarce. The purpose of this Review is to summarise the peculiarities that make autoantibody-negative rheumatoid arthritis different from its autoantibody-positive counterpart, with the aim of generating debate and stimulating further research on this challenging condition.
Topics: Humans; Autoantibodies; Rheumatologists; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Rheumatoid Factor; Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies
PubMed: 38251565
DOI: 10.1016/S2665-9913(23)00242-4 -
Biochemical Society Transactions Oct 2015The pseudo-kinase family of tribbles (TRIB) proteins has been linked to a variety of cell signalling pathways and appears to have functionally divergent roles with... (Review)
Review
The pseudo-kinase family of tribbles (TRIB) proteins has been linked to a variety of cell signalling pathways and appears to have functionally divergent roles with respect to intracellular protein degradation and the ability to regulate signal transduction pathways. In the arthritides, inflammation and a wide variety of pro-inflammatory pathways have been implicated to drive the cartilage destruction and consequent disability associated with both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Despite burgeoning evidence linking the TRIB to inflammation-related pathologies such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis and cancer, very little is known about their roles in arthritis. The present review discusses current knowledge of the impact of TRIB on pro-inflammatory cellular mechanisms and pathways known to be important in the pathogenesis of RA and OA.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; Cell Cycle Proteins; Humans; Inflammation; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Models, Biological; Osteoarthritis; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Repressor Proteins; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 26517922
DOI: 10.1042/BST20150076 -
Pediatrics in Review Nov 2021is a blanket term encompassing entities such as enthesitis-related arthritis, nonradiographic axial SpA, and ankylosing spondylitis. These diseases share many clinical...
is a blanket term encompassing entities such as enthesitis-related arthritis, nonradiographic axial SpA, and ankylosing spondylitis. These diseases share many clinical features, including a predilection for inflammation of the entheses and the sacroiliac joints. The nomenclature is based on the evolution of the classification of the disease and the age of the patient. SpA has a prevalence of approximately 1% of the population of the United States, with 10% to 20% of patients experiencing the onset during childhood. Children with onset of arthritis before age 16 years are classified as having juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Children with enthesitis and/or sacroiliitis are further classified as belonging to the enthesitis-related arthritis subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The initial manifestations can be subtle and will usually include a peripheral pattern of arthritis and enthesitis. It may take several years for axial disease to develop in children. Except for an association with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27) serotype, there are no laboratory markers for the disease, and the radiographic findings are often negative. A careful clinical evaluation for evidence of inflammation in the entheses and the joints and a search for comorbidities are required. Magnetic resonance imaging facilitates the early detection of sacroiliitis, an important feature that may be clinically silent. Because recent studies indicate that earlier introduction of therapy can help achieve better outcomes, rapid identification and treatment of children with SpA is essential.
Topics: Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Humans; Sacroiliac Joint; Sacroiliitis; Spondylarthritis; Spondylitis, Ankylosing
PubMed: 34725218
DOI: 10.1542/pir.2020-000810 -
Foot and Ankle Clinics Dec 2022Chronic injuries at the tarsometatarsal joint represent a wide array of painful malunions ranging from isolated instability to complex three-dimensional deformities with... (Review)
Review
Chronic injuries at the tarsometatarsal joint represent a wide array of painful malunions ranging from isolated instability to complex three-dimensional deformities with rapid development of posttraumatic arthritis. Deformity correction and arthrodesis of the symptomatic joints leads to significant pain reduction and functional improvement provided that realignment of the anatomic axes is achieved. Arthrodesis should be limited to the first to third tarsometatarsal joints, whereas interposition arthroplasty is preferred for symptomatic arthritis of the fourth to fifth tarsometatarsal joints. For complex deformities and instability, the intercuneiform and naviculocuneiform joints may need to be included into corrective fusion.
Topics: Humans; Arthrodesis; Foot Joints; Joint Dislocations; Fractures, Bone; Arthritis
PubMed: 36368795
DOI: 10.1016/j.fcl.2022.07.002 -
Seminars in Immunopathology Jun 2017Animal models of arthritis are used to better understand pathophysiology of a disease or to seek potential therapeutic targets or strategies. Focusing on models... (Review)
Review
Animal models of arthritis are used to better understand pathophysiology of a disease or to seek potential therapeutic targets or strategies. Focusing on models currently used for studying rheumatoid arthritis, we show here in which extent models were invaluable to enlighten different mechanisms such as the role of innate immunity, T and B cells, vessels, or microbiota. Moreover, models were the starting point of in vivo application of cytokine-blocking strategies such as anti-TNF or anti-IL-6 treatments. The most popular models are the different types of collagen-induced arthritis and arthritis in KBN mice. As spontaneous arthritides, human TNF-α transgenic mice are a reliable model. It is mandatory to use animal models in the respect of ethical procedure, particularly regarding the number of animals and the control of pain. Moreover, design of experiments should be of the highest level, animal models of arthritis being dedicated to exploration of well-based novelties, and never used for confirmation or replication of already proven concepts. The best interpretations of data in animal models of arthritis suppose integrated research, including translational studies from animals to humans.
Topics: Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Disease Models, Animal; Environment; Humans; Immunity, Innate
PubMed: 28349194
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-017-0622-4 -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... Apr 2021
Topics: Arthritis; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans
PubMed: 33931834
DOI: 10.1055/a-1219-5712 -
International Journal of Rheumatic... Mar 2023
Topics: Humans; Arthritis, Psoriatic; Spondylarthritis; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Axial Spondyloarthritis
PubMed: 36645129
DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.14537 -
Current Opinion in Rheumatology Jul 2022We provide an overview of recent articles which describe new thinking regarding HLA-B27-associated reactive arthritis (ReA), including those additional infection-related... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
We provide an overview of recent articles which describe new thinking regarding HLA-B27-associated reactive arthritis (ReA), including those additional infection-related arthritides triggered by microbes that often are grouped under the term ReA.
RECENT FINDINGS
With the advent and continuation of the pandemic, an increasing number of cases and case series of post-COVID-19 arthritis have been reported and classified as ReA. Further, arthritis after COVID-19 vaccination is a new entity included within the spectrum of ReA. New causative microorganisms identified in case reports include Clostridium difficile, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Giardia lamblia, Leptospira , and babesiosis. SARS-CoV-2 is emerging as a significant etiologic agent for apparent ReA.
SUMMARY
It is now clear that comprehensive clinical and laboratory investigations, synovial fluid analyses, and close follow-up of patients all are essential to differentiate ReA from diseases that may present with similar clinical attributes. Further, and importantly, additional research is required to define the wide diversity in causative agents, epidemiology, and rare case presentations of these arthritides. Finally, new classification and diagnostic criteria, and updated treatment recommendations, are essential to the advancement of our understanding of ReA.
Topics: Arthritis, Reactive; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; HLA-B27 Antigen; Humans; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35699331
DOI: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000880