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Archives of Microbiology Aug 2022Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming strains CCNWLXL 1-35, CCNWLXL 12-2 and CCNWLXL 21-a, were isolated from wheat rhizosphere from Yangling, Shaanxi...
Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming strains CCNWLXL 1-35, CCNWLXL 12-2 and CCNWLXL 21-a, were isolated from wheat rhizosphere from Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China. Comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they belonged to the genus Arthrobacter and were closely related to Arthrobacter globiformis NBRC 12137 (97.95% similarity). Genomic relatedness analyses based on the average nucleotide identity and the genome-to-genome distance showed these strains constituted a single species. The major fatty acids was anteiso-C. The polar lipids consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phsophatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and glycolipid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9. The peptidoglycan type was A4α. Thus, these strains were classified as representing a novel species in the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCNWLXL 1-35 (=JCM 34638, =CCTCC AB 2021087) and additional strains are CCNWLXL 12-2 (=JCM 35018, =CCTCC AB 2021546), CCNWLXL 21-a (=JCM 35019, =CCTCC AB 2021545).
Topics: Arthrobacter; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rhizosphere; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Triticum
PubMed: 35932431
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03150-y -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jun 2022A novel, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-endospore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium designated PO-11 was isolated from sediment of karst cave collected in...
A novel, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-endospore-forming, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterium designated PO-11 was isolated from sediment of karst cave collected in Libo county, Guizhou Province, PR China. The isolate grew optimally on R2A agar at 25 °C, pH 8.0 and with 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that PO-11 belonged to the genus and was most closely related to TGA (98.3 % sequence similarity), LC6 (97.7 %) and CCM1646 (97.1 %). Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 4 073 119 bp and the genomic DNA G+C content was 66.16 mol%. Its DNA-DNA relatedness values with TGA, LC6 and CCM1646 were 23.0, 22.9 and 23.2 %, respectively. The main fatty acids were anteiso-C, anteiso-C and iso-C. The major respiratory quinone was MK-9(H). The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and unidentified lipids. Thus, based on phylogenetic and phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain PO-11 represents a novel species of the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain PO-11 (=CCTCC AB 2021070=LMG 32459).
Topics: Arthrobacter; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Peptidoglycan; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 35763420
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005445 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jan 2016In this paper, the taxonomy of the genus Arthrobacter is discussed, from its first description in 1947 to the present state. Emphasis is given to intrageneric phylogeny... (Review)
Review
Review of the taxonomy of the genus Arthrobacter, emendation of the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato, proposal to reclassify selected species of the genus Arthrobacter in the novel genera Glutamicibacter gen. nov., Paeniglutamicibacter gen. nov., Pseudoglutamicibacter gen. nov., Paenarthrobacter gen....
In this paper, the taxonomy of the genus Arthrobacter is discussed, from its first description in 1947 to the present state. Emphasis is given to intrageneric phylogeny and chemotaxonomic characteristics, concentrating on quinone systems, peptidoglycan compositions and polar lipid profiles. Internal groups within the genus Arthrobacter indicated from homogeneous chemotaxonomic traits and corresponding to phylogenetic grouping and/or high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities are highlighted. Furthermore, polar lipid profiles and quinone systems of selected species are shown, filling some gaps concerning these chemotaxonomic traits. Based on phylogenetic groupings, 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities and homogeneity in peptidoglycan types, quinone systems and polar lipid profiles, a description of the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato and an emended description of Arthrobacter roseus are provided. Furthermore, reclassifications of selected species of the genus Arthrobacter into novel genera are proposed, namely Glutamicibacter gen. nov. (nine species), Paeniglutamicibacter gen. nov. (six species), Pseudoglutamicibacter gen. nov. (two species), Paenarthrobacter gen. nov. (six species) and Pseudarthrobacter gen. nov. (ten species).
Topics: Arthrobacter; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Glycolipids; Peptidoglycan; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 26486726
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000702 -
The ISME Journal Jan 2017Manganese (Mn) is an important metal in geochemical cycles. Some microorganisms can oxidize Mn(II) to Mn oxides, which can, in turn, affect the global cycles of other...
Manganese (Mn) is an important metal in geochemical cycles. Some microorganisms can oxidize Mn(II) to Mn oxides, which can, in turn, affect the global cycles of other elements by strong sorption and oxidation effects. Microbe-microbe interactions have important roles in a number of biological processes. However, how microbial interactions affect Mn(II) oxidation still remains unknown. Here, we investigated the interactions between two bacteria (Arthrobacter sp. and Sphingopyxis sp.) in a co-culture, which exhibited Mn(II)-oxidizing activity, although neither were able to oxidize Mn(II) in isolation. We demonstrated that the Mn(II)-oxidizing activity in co-culture was most likely induced via contact-dependent interactions. The expressed Mn(II)-oxidizing protein in the co-culture was purified and identified as a bilirubin oxidase belonging to strain Arthrobacter. Full sequencing of the bilirubin oxidase-encoding gene (boxA) was performed. The Mn(II)-oxidizing protein and the transcripts of boxA were detected in the co-culture, but not in either of the isolated cultures. This indicate that boxA was silent in Arthrobacter monoculture, and was activated in response to presence of Sphingopyxis in the co-culture. Further, transcriptomic analysis by RNA-Seq, extracellular superoxide detection and cell density quantification by flow cytometry indicate induction of boxA gene expression in Arthrobacter was co-incident with a stress response triggered by co-cultivation with Sphingopyxis. Our findings suggest the potential roles of microbial physiological responses to stress induced by other microbes in Mn(II) oxidation and extracellular superoxide production.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Bacterial Proteins; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Manganese; Microbial Interactions; Oxidation-Reduction; Sphingomonadaceae
PubMed: 27518809
DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2016.106 -
Natural Product Research Nov 2021Various microorganisms are able to synthesize pigments, which usually present antioxidant properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity...
Various microorganisms are able to synthesize pigments, which usually present antioxidant properties. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of bacterial pigments against cancer cells Neuro-2a, Saos-2 and MCF-7. Pigments were obtained from sp. UDEC-P1 and sp. UDEC-A13. Both bacterial strains were isolated from cold environments (Patagonia and Antarctica, respectively). Pigments were purified and analyzed by HPLC. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated by 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay. Deinoxanthin carotenoid obtained from sp. UDEC-P1 was able to reduce significatively the viability of Saos-2 (37.1%), while no effect was observed against MCF-7 and Neuro-2a. Pigments obtained from sp. UDEC-A13 showed a significant viability reduction of three tumour cells (20.6% Neuro-2a, 26.3% Saos-2 and 13.2% MCF-7). Therefore, carotenoid pigments produced by extremophilic bacteria sp. UDEC-P1 and sp. UDEC-A13 could be proposed as novel complementary compounds in anticancer chemotherapy.
Topics: Antarctic Regions; Antioxidants; Carotenoids; Deinococcus; Extremophiles
PubMed: 31809588
DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1698574 -
MBio Jun 2021Plant roots constitute the primary interface between plants and soilborne microorganisms and harbor microbial communities called the root microbiota. Recent studies have...
Plant roots constitute the primary interface between plants and soilborne microorganisms and harbor microbial communities called the root microbiota. Recent studies have demonstrated a significant contribution of plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) to the assembly of root microbiota. However, the mechanistic and evolutionary details underlying the PSM-mediated microbiota assembly and its contribution to host specificity remain elusive. Here, we show that the bacterial genus is predominant specifically in the tobacco endosphere and that its enrichment in the tobacco endosphere is partially mediated by a combination of two unrelated classes of tobacco-specific PSMs, santhopine and nicotine. We isolated and sequenced strains from tobacco roots as well as soils treated with these PSMs and identified genomic features, including but not limited to genes for santhopine and nicotine catabolism, that are associated with the ability to colonize tobacco roots. Phylogenomic and comparative analyses suggest that these genes were gained in multiple independent acquisition events, each of which was possibly triggered by adaptation to particular soil environments. Taken together, our findings illustrate a cooperative role of a combination of PSMs in mediating plant species-specific root bacterial microbiota assembly and suggest that the observed interaction between tobacco and may be a consequence of an ecological fitting process. Host secondary metabolites have a crucial effect on the taxonomic composition of its associated microbiota. It is estimated that a single plant species produces hundreds of secondary metabolites; however, whether different classes of metabolites have distinctive or common roles in the microbiota assembly remains unclear. Here, we show that two unrelated classes of secondary metabolites in tobacco play a cooperative role in the formation of tobacco-specific compositions of the root bacterial microbiota, which has been established as a consequence of independent evolutionary events in plants and bacteria triggered by different ecological effects. Our findings illustrate mechanistic and evolutionary aspects of the microbiota assembly that are mediated by an arsenal of plant secondary metabolites.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Endophytes; Genome, Bacterial; Host Microbial Interactions; Phylogeny; Plant Roots; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rhizosphere; Secondary Metabolism; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Nicotiana
PubMed: 34044592
DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00846-21 -
Archives of Virology Oct 2023A new virulent phage, SWEP2, infecting the Arthrobacter sp. 5B strain, was isolated from black soil samples in northeastern China. SWEP2 has a latent period of 80 min...
A new virulent phage, SWEP2, infecting the Arthrobacter sp. 5B strain, was isolated from black soil samples in northeastern China. SWEP2 has a latent period of 80 min and a burst size of 45 PFU (evaluated at an MOI of 0.1). Genomic analysis revealed that the 43,398-bp dsDNA genome of phage SWEP2 contains 64 open reading frames (ORFs) and one tRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship between SWEP2 and Arthrobacter phage Liebe, with 82.98% identity and a query coverage of 48%. Based on its distinct phenotypic and genetic characteristics, SWEP2 is identified as a novel Arthrobacter phage.
Topics: Bacteriophages; Arthrobacter; Phylogeny; Genome, Viral; Genomics; Open Reading Frames
PubMed: 37864004
DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05898-0 -
Pharmaceutics Oct 2021The present study describes the isolation and characterization of novel bacterial species sp. nov., applied for the green synthesis of AgNPs, and investigates its...
Characterization and Genome Analysis of sp. nov., Applied for the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Antibacterial Efficacy against Drug-Resistant Human Pathogens.
The present study describes the isolation and characterization of novel bacterial species sp. nov., applied for the green synthesis of AgNPs, and investigates its antibacterial efficacy against drug-resistant pathogenic Typhimurium and . Novel strain MAHUQ-56 is Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile, and rod-shaped. Colonies were spherical and milky white. The strain showed positive activity for catalase and nitrate reductase, and the hydrolysis of starch, L-tyrosine, casein, and Tween 20. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain MAHUQ-56 belongs to the genus and is most closely related to P3B162 (98.6%). MAHUQ-56 has a genome 4,566,112 bp long (26 contigs) with 4125 protein-coding genes, 51 tRNA and 6 rRNA genes. The culture supernatant of MAHUQ-56 was used for the easy and green synthesis of AgNPs. Synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FE-TEM, XRD, DLS, and FT-IR. Synthesized AgNPs were spherical and 12-50 nm in size. FT-IR analysis revealed various biomolecules that may be involved in the synthesis process. Synthesized AgNPs showed strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant pathogenic and . MIC values of the synthesized AgNPs against and were 6.2 and 3.1 ug/mL, respectively. The MBC of synthesized AgNPs for both pathogens was 12.5 ug/mL. FE-SEM analysis revealed the morphological and structural alterations, and damage of pathogens treated by AgNPs. These changes might disturb normal cellular functions, which ultimately leads to the death of cells.
PubMed: 34683984
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101691 -
World Journal of Microbiology &... Jul 2022Leucaena leucocephala growing in the tropics and subtropics serves as potential forage for livestock because its foliage is rich in protein, fiber, and minerals....
Leucaena leucocephala growing in the tropics and subtropics serves as potential forage for livestock because its foliage is rich in protein, fiber, and minerals. However, its use for livestock feed has been hindered by toxic nonprotein amino acid mimosine. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method to reduce or eliminate mimosine from foliage. A previous study found that the fermentation of L. leucocephala foliage reduced the mimosine content and prompted the authors to isolate potent mimosine degrading microorganisms and characterize the mimosinase for the complete elimination of mimosine in the L. leucocephala foliage. The soil screening of the L. leucocephala tree surroundings led to the isolation of Arthrobacter sp. Ryudai-S1, which can degrade and assimilate mimosine as a nitrogen and carbon source. Mimosinase in this strain was found to be thermostable and showed strong activity. Docking model's inspection and the interaction energy calculation between mimosine-pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) complex and the active site of this enzyme identified 11 important amino acid residues that stabilized the binding. Of these amino acid residues, mutation experiment suggested that Tyr-263' and Phe-34 stabilizes the substrate binding and play a critical role in guiding the substrate to proper positions to accomplish high catalytic efficacy and selectivity. These observations suggest that Arthrobacter sp. Ryudai-S1 could be potentially useful for the development of L. leucocephala feed with reduced mimosine content.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Catalytic Domain; Fabaceae; Hydrolases; Mimosine; Pyridoxal Phosphate
PubMed: 35908235
DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03344-y -
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2022The genus is a source of many natural products that are critical in the development of new medicines. Here, we isolated a novel carotenoid from sp. QL17 and...
The genus is a source of many natural products that are critical in the development of new medicines. Here, we isolated a novel carotenoid from sp. QL17 and characterized its properties. The carotenoid was extracted with methanol, and purified by column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. Based on micrOTOF-Q and NMR analyses, the pigment was chemically characterized as 2,2'-((((1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E,19E)-3,7,14,18-tetramethylicosa-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19-decaene-1,20-diyl)bis(2,2,4-trimethylcyclohex-3-ene-3,1-diyl)) bis(ethan-2-yl-1-ylidene))bi(propane-1,3-diol), and named arthroxanthin. The biological activities of arthroxanthin were evaluated with DPPH, ABTS and MTT assays. Arthroxanthin exhibited excellent radical scavenging properties, as shown for 2, 20-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-n-(3,2-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS), respectively, with IC50s of 69.8 and 21.5 µg/mL. It also showed moderate anticancer activities against HepG2, Hela, MDAB-231, SW480, and MKN-45 with IC50 values of 107.6, 150.4, 143.4, 195.9, and 145.5 μg/mL, respectively. Therefore, arthroxanthin derived from sp. QL17 may be a potent antioxidant and anticancer agent for food and pharmaceutical use.
PubMed: 36009212
DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081493