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Frontiers in Microbiology 2022A new bacterial strain has been isolated from the microbiome of solar panels and classified as sp. Helios according to its 16S rDNA, positioning it in the " group." The...
A new bacterial strain has been isolated from the microbiome of solar panels and classified as sp. Helios according to its 16S rDNA, positioning it in the " group." The isolated strain is highly tolerant to desiccation, UV radiation and to the presence of metals and metalloids, while it is motile and capable of growing in a variety of carbon sources. These characteristics, together with observation that sp. Helios seems to be permanently prepared to handle the desiccation stress, make it very versatile and give it a great potential to use it as a biotechnological chassis. The new strain genome has been sequenced and its analysis revealed that it is extremely well poised to respond to environmental stresses. We have analyzed the transcriptional response of this strain to PEG6000-mediated arid stress to investigate the desiccation resistance mechanism. Most of the induced genes participate in cellular homeostasis such as ion and osmolyte transport and iron scavenging. Moreover, the greatest induction has been found in a gene cluster responsible for biogenic amine catabolism, suggesting their involvement in the desiccation resistance mechanism in this bacterium.
PubMed: 36312951
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009068 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Mar 2022A bacterial strain, designated AETb3-4 was isolated from the rhizosphere of lily. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the sequence from strain AETb3-4...
A bacterial strain, designated AETb3-4 was isolated from the rhizosphere of lily. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the sequence from strain AETb3-4 exhibits high sequence similarity with those of Arthrobacter silviterrae KIS14-16 (97.9%), Arthrobacter livingstonensis LI2 (97.2%) and Arthrobacter stackebrandtii CCM 2783 (97.0%). Whole genome average nucleotide identity (ANI) and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between strain AETb3-4T and the reference strains A. silviterrae DSM 27180, A. livingstonensis L12 and A. stackebrandtii DSM 16005 were below 83.6% and 27.7%, respectively, values which are considerably below the proposed thresholds for the species delineation, consistent with the proposal that strain AETb3-4 represents a novel species. The genome size of strain AETb3-4 is 4.33 Mb and the genomic DNA G + C content is 67.3%. The main polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycero, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified glycolipid. The major fatty acids (> 10%) were identified as anteiso-C and anteiso-C. The predominant menaquinone was found to be menaquinone 9 (MK-9) (H) (82.2%). Phenotypic tests allowed the strain to be differentiated from its close phylogenetic neighbors. Based on the results obtained, it is proposed that the strain AETb3-4 (= CFCC 16390 = LMG 31708) represents a novel species in the genus Arthrobacter, for which the names Arthrobacter wenxiniae sp. nov. is proposed. In addition, the novel strain AETb3-4 has multiple plant growth-promoting characters including ACC-deaminase activity and production of IAA. Furthermore, the genome contains secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters, including a carotenoid biosynthetic gene cluster, suggesting potential capacities for secondary metabolite synthesis. These data suggest that strain AETb3-4 may have potential applications both in medicine and sustainable agriculture.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Carotenoids; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Multigene Family; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Peptidoglycan; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 35088183
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-021-01701-9 -
Systematic and Applied Microbiology Mar 2019Cryobacterium and Arthrobacter are members of Actinobacteria, and are often found in cold environments. In this study, 48 Cryobacterium strains, including 9 type strains...
Cryobacterium and Arthrobacter are members of Actinobacteria, and are often found in cold environments. In this study, 48 Cryobacterium strains, including 9 type strains and 39 new isolates collected from glaciers in China were subjected to multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Cryobacterium comprised four cold-adapted clusters. Also, 19 potential novel Cryobacterium species were found using 0.065 as the cut-off point of genetic distance between the concatenated gene sequences. Additionally, three Cryobacterium strains (TMN-42, TMN-39-1 and TMB1-8) and two Arthrobacter strains (HLT2-12-2, TMN-18) isolated from glaciers were subjected to taxonomic analysis. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, MLSA data and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values, they represented a novel Cryobacterium species and a novel Arthrobacter species. Specifically, strain TMN-42 was most closely related to the type strains of Cryobacterium arcticum and Cryobacterium psychrotolerans with 83.79% and 77.78% ANI values, respectively. The ANI values between strain HLT2-12-2 and its closely relatives Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus GP3 and Arthrobacter alpinus S6-3 were 76.66% and 77.94%, respectively. Therefore, we propose two novel species, Cryobacterium zongtaii sp. nov. (TMN-42=CGMCC 1.9695=NBRC 111591) and Arthrobacter glacialis sp. nov. (HLT2-12-2=CGMCC 1.10025=NBRC 113092).
Topics: Actinomycetales; Arthrobacter; Bacterial Typing Techniques; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Genes, Bacterial; Genetic Variation; Ice Cover; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Peptidoglycan; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 30482657
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2018.10.005 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2018spp. are coryneform Gram-positive aerobic bacteria, belonging to the class . Representatives of this genus have mainly been isolated from soil, mud, sludge or sewage,...
spp. are coryneform Gram-positive aerobic bacteria, belonging to the class . Representatives of this genus have mainly been isolated from soil, mud, sludge or sewage, and are usually mesophiles. In recent years, the presence of spp. was also confirmed in various extreme, including permanently cold, environments. In this study, 36 psychrotolerant and metalotolerant strains isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil from the King George Island (Antarctica), were screened for the presence of plasmids. The identified replicons were thoroughly characterized in order to assess their diversity and role in the adaptation of spp. to harsh Antarctic conditions. The screening process identified 11 different plasmids, ranging in size from 8.4 to 90.6 kb. A thorough genomic analysis of these replicons detected the presence of numerous genes encoding proteins that potentially perform roles in adaptive processes such as (i) protection against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, (ii) resistance to heavy metals, (iii) transport and metabolism of organic compounds, (iv) sulfur metabolism, and (v) protection against exogenous DNA. Moreover, 10 of the plasmids carry genetic modules enabling conjugal transfer, which may facilitate their spread among bacteria in Antarctic soil. In addition, transposable elements were identified within the analyzed plasmids. Some of these elements carry passenger genes, which suggests that these replicons may be actively changing, and novel genetic modules of adaptive value could be acquired by transposition events. A comparative genomic analysis of plasmids identified in this study and other available plasmids was performed. This showed only limited similarities between plasmids of Antarctic strains and replicons of other, mostly mesophilic, isolates. This indicates that the plasmids identified in this study are novel and unique replicons. In addition, a thorough meta-analysis of 247 plasmids of psychrotolerant bacteria was performed, revealing the important role of these replicons in the adaptation of their hosts to extreme environments.
PubMed: 30619210
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03144 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Oct 2022An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive and non-spore-forming strain, designated C1-1, was isolated from a fellfield soil sample collected from frost-sorted polygons on Jane...
An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive and non-spore-forming strain, designated C1-1, was isolated from a fellfield soil sample collected from frost-sorted polygons on Jane Col, Signy Island, Maritime Antarctic. Cells with a size of 0.65-0.9×1.2-1.7 µm have a flagellar motile apparatus and exhibit a rod-coccus growth cycle. Optimal growth conditions were observed at 15-20 °C, pH 7.0 and NaCl concentration up to 0.5 % (w/v) in the medium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of C1-1 showed the highest pairwise similarity of 98.77 % to NBRC 113092. Phylogenetic trees based on the 16S rRNA and whole-genome sequences revealed that strain C1-1 belongs to the genus and is most closely related to members of the ' group'. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 58.95 mol%. The original and orthologous average nucleotide identities between strain C1-1 and NBRC 113092 were 77.15 % and 77.38 %, respectively. The digital DNA-DNA relatedness values between strain C1-1 and NBRC 113092 was 21.6 %. The polar lipid profile was composed mainly of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and an unidentified glycolipid. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C (75 %) and anteiso-C (15.2 %). Menaquinone MK-9(H) (86.4 %) was the major respiratory quinone in strain C1-1. The peptidoglycan type was determined as A3α (l-Lys-l-Ala; A11.6). Based on all described phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we propose that strain C1-1 (=DSM 112353=CCM 9148) is the type strain of a novel species sp. nov.
Topics: Arthrobacter; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Peptidoglycan; Phylogeny; Base Composition; Soil; Vitamin K 2; Sodium Chloride; Cardiolipins; Antarctic Regions; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Fatty Acids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Phospholipids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Micrococcaceae; Glycolipids; Phosphatidylinositols; Nucleotides
PubMed: 36256564
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005541 -
Microbiological Research Dec 2017Phenolic acids can enhance the mycotoxin production and activities of hydrolytic enzymes related to pathogenicity of soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum. However,...
Phenolic acids can enhance the mycotoxin production and activities of hydrolytic enzymes related to pathogenicity of soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum. However, characteristics of phenolic acid-degrading bacteria have not been investigated. The objectives of this study were to isolate and characterize bacteria capable of growth on benzoic and vanillic acids as the sole carbon source in the peanut rhizosphere. Twenty-four bacteria were isolated, and the identification based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that pre-exposure to phenolic acids before sowing shifted the dominant culturable bacterial degraders from Arthrobacter to Burkholderia stabilis-like isolates. Both Arthrobacter and B. stabilis-like isolates catalysed the aromatic ring cleavage via the ortho pathway, and Arthrobacter isolates did not exhibit higher C12O enzyme activity than B. stabilis-like isolates. The culture filtrate of Fusarium sp. ACCC36194 caused a strong inhibition of Arthrobacter growth but not B. stabilis-like isolates. Additionally, Arthrobacter isolates responded differently to the culture filtrates of B. stabilis-like isolates. The Arthrobacter isolates produced higher indole acetic acid (IAA) levels than B. stabilis-like isolates, but B. stabilis-like isolates were also able to produce siderophores, solubilize mineral phosphate, and exert an antagonistic activity against peanut root rot pathogen Fusarium sp. ACCC36194. Results indicate that phenolic acids can shift their dominant culturable bacterial degraders from Arthrobacter to Burkholderia species in the peanut rhizosphere, and microbial interactions might lead to the reduction of culturable Arthrobacter. Furthermore, increasing bacterial populations metabolizing phenolic acids in monoculture fields might be a control strategy for soilborne diseases caused by Fusarium spp.
Topics: Antibiosis; Arachis; Arthrobacter; Bacteria; Benzoic Acid; Biological Control Agents; Burkholderia; Catechol 1,2-Dioxygenase; Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase; Fusarium; Hydroxybenzoates; Indoleacetic Acids; Phosphates; Plant Diseases; Plant Roots; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rhizosphere; Siderophores; Soil; Soil Microbiology; Vanillic Acid
PubMed: 28942837
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.09.005 -
Archives of Microbiology Nov 2014A novel bacterial strain designated as NIO-1008(T) was isolated from marine sediments sample in Chorao Island India. Cells of the strains were gram positive and...
A novel bacterial strain designated as NIO-1008(T) was isolated from marine sediments sample in Chorao Island India. Cells of the strains were gram positive and non-motile, displayed a rod-coccus life cycle and formed cream to light grey colonies on nutrient agar. Strain NIO-1008(T) had the chemotaxonomic markers that were consistent for classification in the genus Arthrobacter, i.e. MK-9(H2) (50.3 %), as the major menaquinone, and the minor amount of MK-7 (H2-27.5 %), MK-8 (H4-11.6 %) and MK-8 (H2-10.4 %). anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0 and C15:0 were the predominant fatty acids. Galactose, glucose and rhamnose are the cell-wall sugars, and DNA G+C content was 61.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, showed that the strains were most similar to Arthrobacter equi IMMIB L-1606(T), Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus DSM 12829(T), Arthrobacter defluvii KCTC 19209(T) and Arthrobacter niigatensis CCTCC AB 206012(T) with 98.5, 98.4, 98.0 and 97.8 %, respectively, and formed a separate lineage. Combined phenotypic data and DNA-DNA hybridization data supported the conclusion that strains NIO-1008(T) represent a novel species within the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter enclensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is NIO-1008(T) = (NCIM 5488(T) = DSM 25279(T)).
Topics: Arthrobacter; Base Composition; Fatty Acids; Geologic Sediments; India; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Species Specificity
PubMed: 25052022
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-014-1016-9 -
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao = Acta... Apr 2016Arthrobacter species are found ecologically diverse and can survive in various environments. Many strains of these species have metabolic versatility and can degrade... (Review)
Review
Arthrobacter species are found ecologically diverse and can survive in various environments. Many strains of these species have metabolic versatility and can degrade many environmental pollutants. Arthrobacter species are thought to play important roles in catabolism of environmental pollutants in nature. In recent years, the genomes of many Arthrobacter strains have been sequenced, which provides comprehensive information to clarify the molecular mechanisms related to environmental adaptability of Arthrobacter species. These genomics findings revealed several features that are commonly observed in Arthrobacter strains allowing for survival under stressful conditions. These include an array of genes associated with sigma factors and responses to oxidative, osmotic, starvation and temperature stresses. The genomics basis of their environmental adaptability are reviewed, which is expected to provide useful information for applying Arthrobacter strains in pollution remediation and shed some light on other bacterial environmental adaptability researches.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Bacterial Proteins; Environmental Microbiology; Genomics; Osmosis; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 29717848
DOI: No ID Found -
The Science of the Total Environment Apr 2021Nornicotine, the primary nicotine metabolite that is formed through demethylation of nicotine in the genus Nicotiana tabacum L. Nornicotine is not only a precursor of...
Nornicotine, the primary nicotine metabolite that is formed through demethylation of nicotine in the genus Nicotiana tabacum L. Nornicotine is not only a precursor of tobacco-specific nitrosamine N-nitrosonornicotine but also have detrimental effects to human health. Till now, information on the biotransformation of nornicotine is limited. Herein, we identified and characterized a bacterium Arthrobacter sp. strain NOR5, utilized nornicotine as the sole of carbon and energy source, and degraded 500 mg/L nornicotine completely within 60 h under the optimum conditions of pH 7.0 and 30 °C. In this study, we not only identified previously reported intermediate metabolites such as 6-OH-nornicotine, 6-OH-mysomine, 6-OH-pseudooxy-nornicotine (6HPONor) but also identified a new intermediate metabolite 2,6-di-OH-pseudooxy-nornicotine (2,6DHPONor) by UV spectroscopy and liquid chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry. About half of 6HPONor could be transformed into 2,6DHPONor that was identified as a novel catabolic intermediate of nornicotine. By the addition of an electron acceptor 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP), the cell-free extract exhibited inducible 6HPONor dehydrogenase activity at 179 ± 60 mU/mg that could convert 6HPONor to 2,6DHPONor. Our study demonstrated that Arthrobacter sp. strain NOR5 has a high potential to degrade the nornicotine completely.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Biotransformation; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotiana
PubMed: 33131868
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142894 -
Journal of Microbiology (Seoul, Korea) Sep 2019A Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive motile, aerobic, and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated as DCT-5, was isolated from a native plant belonging...
A Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive motile, aerobic, and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated as DCT-5, was isolated from a native plant belonging to the genus Campanula at Dokdo island, Republic of Korea. Growth of the strain DCT-5 was observed at 15-37°C (optimum 30°C) on R2A broth, pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum 7.0), and 0-5% (w/v) NaCl concentration (optimum 0%). The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DCT-5 was most closely related to Arthrobacter silviterrae KIS14-16, Arthrobacter livingstonensis LI2, Arthrobacter stackebrandtii CCM 2783, Arthrobacter cryoconiti Cr6-08, Arthrobacter ramosus CCM 1646, and Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus GP3 with pairwise sequence similarities of 98.76%, 97.47%, 97.25%, 97.11%, 97.11%, and 97.00%, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain DCT-5 was 64.7 mol%, and its DNA-DNA relatedness values with A. silviterrae KIS14-16, A. livingstonensis LI2, A. stackebrandtii CCM 2783, A. psychrochitiniphilus GP3, A. ramosus CCM 1646, and A. cryoconiti Cr6-08 were 32.57 ± 2.02%, 28.75 ± 0.88%, 31.93 ± 1.15%, 34.73 ± 1.86%, 29.12 ± 1.56%, and 27.23 ± 0.88%, respectively. The major quinone was MK-9(H) and major fatty acids were anteiso-C, anteiso-C, iso-C, and iso-C. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), unidentified glycolipid (GL), two unidentified aminophospholipids (APLs), and three unidentified lipids (Ls). The peptidoglycan type was A3α. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic, genotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain DCT-5 represents a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter dokdonellae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DCT-5 (= KCTC 49189 = LMG 31284).
Topics: Arthrobacter; Base Composition; Campanulaceae; Cell Wall; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Peptidoglycan; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 31079331
DOI: 10.1007/s12275-019-8540-x