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Medicine Jan 2021Since 2008, oral propranolol has evolved as the first-line therapy for infantile hemangiomas (IHs). Meanwhile, oral atenolol gradually shows comparative effectiveness...
Since 2008, oral propranolol has evolved as the first-line therapy for infantile hemangiomas (IHs). Meanwhile, oral atenolol gradually shows comparative effectiveness versus oral propranolol with few side effects. Here, we conducted a mobile internal survey among a group of Chinese clinicians about how they choose the dosage, dose regimen, and dose escalation methods of propranolol and atenolol for the treatment of IH.A mobile-ready internal survey on the application of oral propranolol and oral atenolol for IH in mainland China was performed and distributed to 333 potential clinicians from different levels of healthcare institutions in mainland China. Eighty-one doctors responded to the survey. All the respondents had the experience of treating IH with oral propranolol and 32 had the experience with oral atenolol.Most of the doctors from tertiary hospitals chose 2 mg/kg/d twice daily, while most of those with the experience of propranolol from private hospitals chose 1 mg/kg/d once daily. More doctors from tertiary hospitals had the experience of atenolol than those from private hospitals.Oral atenolol has become another medication intervention option for IH in mainland China. This survey is helpful to standardize and develop a guideline of oral atenolol therapy for IH.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; China; Female; Hemangioma; Humans; Infant; Male; Propranolol; Surveys and Questionnaires; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33429792
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024146 -
International Journal of Biological... Dec 2020Pepsin, as the main protease of the stomach, plays an important role in the digestion of food proteins into smaller peptides and performs about 20% of the digestive...
Pepsin, as the main protease of the stomach, plays an important role in the digestion of food proteins into smaller peptides and performs about 20% of the digestive function. The role of pepsin in the development of gastrointestinal ulcers has also been studied for many years. Edible drugs that enter the body through the gastrointestinal tract will interact with this enzyme as one of the first targets. Continuous and long-term usage of some drugs will cause chronic contact of the drug with this protein, and as a result, the structure and function of pepsin may be affected. Therefore, the possible effect of atenolol and diltiazem on the structure and activity of pepsin was studied. The interaction of drugs with pepsin was evaluated using various experimental methods including UV-Visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, FTIR and enzymatic activity along with computational approaches. It was showed that after binding of atenolol and diltiazem to pepsin, the inherent fluorescence of the protein is quenched. Determination of the thermodynamic parameters of interactions between atenolol and diltiazem with pepsin indicates that the major forces in the formation of the protein-drug complexes are hydrophobic forces and also atenolol has a stronger protein bonding than diltiazem. Additional tests also show that the protease activity of pepsin, decreases and increases in the presence of atenolol and diltiazem, respectively. Investigation of the FTIR spectrum of the protein in the presence and absence of atenolol and diltiazem show that in the presence of atenolol the structure of protein has slightly changed. Molecular modeling studies, in agreement with the experimental results, confirm the binding of atenolol and diltiazem to the enzyme pepsin and show that the drugs are bind close to the active site of the enzyme. Finally, from experimental and computational results, it can be concluded that atenolol and diltiazem interact with the pepsin and change its structure and protease activity.
Topics: Atenolol; Binding Sites; Catalytic Domain; Diltiazem; Humans; Hydrogen Bonding; Molecular Docking Simulation; Pepsin A; Peptide Hydrolases; Protein Binding; Spectrometry, Fluorescence; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 33096169
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.118 -
Mymensingh Medical Journal : MMJ Apr 2022Autonomic balance in untreated essential hypertension is altered and antihypertensive drugs may improve autonomic balance. Losartan and atenolol is drug of choice to...
Autonomic balance in untreated essential hypertension is altered and antihypertensive drugs may improve autonomic balance. Losartan and atenolol is drug of choice to treat essential hypertension. Power spectral analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a tool for detecting autonomic balance. This study aimed to compare the effect of losartan and atenolol on autonomic balance in essential hypertensive patients. This longitudinal study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2012 to June 2013. For this study, 120 diagnosed male hypertensive patients without any treatment (age 30-55 years) were selected from the Out Patients Department of Cardiology, BSMMU, Dhaka on their first day of visit. Sixty apparently healthy normotensive male subjects with similar age were also studied as control. Patients were divided into two equal groups. Sixty (60) patients received 50 mg losartan (oral) and 60 patients received 50 mg atenolol (oral) daily. Autonomic balance was assessed by power spectral analysis of HRV and HRV data were recorded by a polyrite D. HRV data of the patients were measured at baseline, after 3 months and 6 months of medication and data of control were recorded at baseline. For statistical analysis ANOVA, independent sample 't' test and paired sample 't' were performed. High frequency normalized units (HF n.u), total power (TP) were significantly lower (p<0.001) and low frequency normalized unit (LF n.u), LF/HF ratio were significantly higher (p<0.001) in all patients before treatment compared to control. In both drug groups HF n.u and total power were found significantly higher (p<0.001) whereas LF n.u and LF/HF ratio were found significantly lower (p<0.001) after 3 months of treatment compared to their baseline values. After 6 months of treatment, data demonstrated significant further increase (p<0.001) in HF n.u and total power compared to their values after 3 months of treatment. Again these values were found significantly higher in atenolol treated patients compared to losartan group at the end of 6 months of treatment. These result concluded that cardiac autonomic nerve functions may be impaired in essential hypertensive patients before treatment which may improve by treatment with both drugs but the effect is more pronounced in atenolol treatment after longer duration.
Topics: Adult; Atenolol; Bangladesh; Heart Rate; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Losartan; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 35383773
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Cardiovascular... Jun 2016While recent guidelines have suggested the potential for beta-blockers as first-line agents in chronic stable angina, few data regarding comparative anti-anginal and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
While recent guidelines have suggested the potential for beta-blockers as first-line agents in chronic stable angina, few data regarding comparative anti-anginal and metabolic effects between beta-blockers with and without vasodilating properties have been reported, particularly in patients with angina pectoris.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to compare the anti-anginal and metabolic effects of carvedilol and atenolol in patients with stable angina pectoris.
METHODS
A total of 89 patients (mean age 54.9 ± 9.3 years; male 53.9 %) with stable angina pectoris were randomly assigned to carvedilol (n = 43) or atenolol (n = 46). The subjects undertook an exercise treadmill test and completed the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ); metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and 6 months after treatment.
RESULTS
The baseline characteristics of both groups were well balanced. Both carvedilol and atenolol significantly reduced heart rate from baseline (76 ± 11 to 66 ± 9 beat/min, p < 0.001; 74 ± 9 to 64 ± 9 beat/min, p < 0.001, respectively) with no significant changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Improvement of time to ST-segment depression during the treadmill exercise and the SAQ scores for angina stability and frequency after 6 months of treatment were similar between groups. There was no significant change from baseline in the level of fasting glucose, insulin, or glycated hemoglobin in either group. However, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly reduced to a greater extent with carvedilol than with atenolol (-23 vs. -10 and -38 vs. -24 %, respectively, p < 0.05 for both), although the rate of statin use was comparable. No changes were seen in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels after 6 months of treatment in both groups compared with baseline.
CONCLUSIONS
Both carvedilol and atenolol had a similar anti-anginal effect. Compared with atenolol, carvedilol might have more beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in patients with stable angina pectoris [ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02547597].
Topics: Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Antagonists; Aged; Angina, Stable; Atenolol; Carbazoles; Cardiotonic Agents; Carvedilol; Cholesterol; Exercise Test; Female; Heart; Heart Rate; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; Hypercholesterolemia; Insulin Resistance; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Propanolamines; Republic of Korea; Risk; Self Report; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 27021556
DOI: 10.1007/s40256-016-0168-1 -
Clinical Pharmacology : Advances and... 2017Apixaban is often coadministered with treatments for cardiovascular comorbidities, which may lead to unintended drug-drug interactions (DDIs). The effects of apixaban on...
PURPOSE
Apixaban is often coadministered with treatments for cardiovascular comorbidities, which may lead to unintended drug-drug interactions (DDIs). The effects of apixaban on pharmacokinetics (PK) of multidose Lanoxin (digoxin) and single-dose Tenormin (atenolol) and the effects of single-dose atenolol on apixaban PK in healthy subjects were investigated in two Phase 1 studies.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The digoxin DDI study was an open-label, multidose, two-treatment, single-sequence study in which subjects received digoxin 0.25 mg q6h on day 1, then once daily on days 2-10, followed by apixaban 20 mg and digoxin 0.25 mg once daily on days 11-20. The atenolol DDI study was an open-label, single-dose, randomized, three-period, three-treatment, crossover study in which subjects received a single oral dose of apixaban 10 mg, atenolol 100 mg, or apixaban 10 mg plus atenolol 100 mg. The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratios of geometric means of peak plasma concentration (C) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), with and without apixaban were calculated. Absence of effect was concluded if the point estimates and 90% CI were within the equivalence interval of 80%-125% (digoxin) or 70%-143% (atenolol). A similar analysis was performed to assess the effect of atenolol on apixaban.
RESULTS
Apixaban had no clinically relevant effect on the PK of either atenolol or digoxin: point estimates and 90% CI for both digoxin and atenolol C and AUC were entirely within their respective no-effect intervals. Apixaban C and AUC were slightly decreased (ie, 18% and 15% lower, respectively) following atenolol coadministration. No serious or major bleeding-related adverse events were reported during either study.
CONCLUSION
Apixaban had no effect on the PK of digoxin and there was no clinically relevant interaction between apixaban and atenolol. Coadministration of digoxin or atenolol with apixaban in healthy subjects was generally well tolerated.
PubMed: 28260951
DOI: 10.2147/CPAA.S115687 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Apr 2021MoS/montmorillonite (MoS/Mt) composite was successfully synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method, and its adsorption performance for two emerging...
The adsorption performance and micro-mechanism of MoS/montmorillonite composite to atenolol and acebutolol: Adsorption experiments and a novel visual study of interaction.
MoS/montmorillonite (MoS/Mt) composite was successfully synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method, and its adsorption performance for two emerging contaminants-atenolol (ATE) and acebutolol (ACE) was researched. The batch experiments revealed that the adsorption process can be described by the Pseudo-second order model and Langmuir model, and the adsorption capacity of MoS/Mt, MoS and Mt for ATE were 132.08 mg/g, 60.68 mg/g and 74.23 mg/g, for ACE were 113.82 mg/g, 33.01 mg/g and 36.05 mg/g, respectively. Besides, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET specific surface area measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were also employed to analyze the adsorption mechanism. Moreover, quantitative molecular surface analysis and weak intermolecular interaction analysis with independent gradient model were combined to probe the microscopic interaction between the adsorbent and adsorbate. The results indicated the interactions included hydrogen bonding and vdW interaction. Mt and MoS interacted more strongly with ATE than ACE, which revealed the reason MoS/Mt, Mt and MoS possessed higher adsorption capacity for ATE.
Topics: Acebutolol; Adsorption; Atenolol; Bentonite; Hydrogen Bonding; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Molybdenum; Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 33578102
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111993 -
Circulation Sep 2020
Topics: Atenolol; Blood Pressure; Female; Furosemide; Histoplasmosis; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Middle Aged
PubMed: 32986484
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046428 -
Climacteric : the Journal of the... Aug 2014The short-term effects of two sympatholytic antihypertensive drug treatments, β-blocking agent atenolol and imidazoline receptor-1 agonist moxonidine, on postmenopausal... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
The short-term effects of two sympatholytic antihypertensive drug treatments, β-blocking agent atenolol and imidazoline receptor-1 agonist moxonidine, on postmenopausal symptoms and their relationship to antihypertensive and insulin sensitivity effect were studied.
DESIGN
This was a double-blind, prospectively randomized study in a multicenter, multinational setting in 112 hypertensive, overweight, postmenopausal women without hormone therapy.
METHODS
Treatment was either with moxonidine, 0.6 mg/day, or with atenolol, 50 mg/day, for 8 weeks. The main outcome measures were blood pressure, insulin sensitivity by Matsuda sensitivity index and postmenopausal symptoms (hot flushes, palpitations, insomnia, irritability, depression and general impression of the symptoms (GIS) through a questionnaire.
RESULTS
Both atenolol and moxonidine caused a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure of 9.5 mmHg and 6.2 mmHg, respectively. The severity of hot flushes and palpitations were reduced significantly in both treatment groups. Relief from hot flushes was recorded in 43% of women taking atenolol and in 27% (not significant between the groups) of moxonidine-treated patients. Palpitations were relieved in 41% and 25% (not significant between the groups) of the women in the atenolol- and moxonidine-treated groups, respectively. In the atenolol group, insomnia and GIS were reduced significantly, with relief of symptoms occurring in 33% and 27% of the patients. A change in irritability was seen in blood pressure responders during the treatment in the atenolol group. There was no correlation between improvement of insulin sensitivity and relief of postmenopausal symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, two sympatholytic antihypertensives, atenolol and moxonidine, provided relief from hot flushes and palpitations, and atenolol additionally helped with insomnia and improved GIS.
Topics: Atenolol; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Double-Blind Method; Drug Monitoring; Female; Hot Flashes; Humans; Hypertension; Imidazoles; Insulin Resistance; Middle Aged; Postmenopause; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sympathetic Nervous System; Sympatholytics; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24099152
DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2013.842226 -
Clinical and Experimental Hypertension... 2017This meta-analysis of randomized parallel controlled trials was designed to compare the efficacy of atenolol with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
A meta-analytical comparison of atenolol with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on arterial stiffness, peripheral blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive patients.
OBJECTIVES
This meta-analysis of randomized parallel controlled trials was designed to compare the efficacy of atenolol with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in changing pulse wave velocity (PWV), peripheral blood pressure and heart rate (HR) among patients with essential hypertension.
METHODS
This study was conducted according to the PRISMA guideline. Data collection was independently completed by two investigators. Statistical analyses were completed by Stata software (v12.0).
RESULTS
Eight clinical trials were meta-analyzed in this study. Overall changes in PWV (weighted mean difference or WMD = 0.068, 95% confidence interval or CI: -0.487 to -0.623, P = 0.811) and peripheral systolic blood pressure (PSBP) (WMD = -1.281 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.936 to 4.375, P = 0.657) did not differ significantly between atenolol and ACEIs treatment. Relative to ACEIs, atenolol had a more favorable impact on peripheral diastolic blood pressure (PDBP) (WMD = -1.912 mmHg, 95% CI: -3.732 to -0.091, P = 0.040) and HR (WMD = -9.23 bpm, 95% CI: -12.53 to -5.93, P < 0.001). In stratified analyses, particularly by follow-up period, atenolol was observed to be superior over ACEIs within early 3-month treatment in PSBP (WMD = -4.097 mmHg, 95% CI: -6.589 to -1.605, P = 0.001), PDBP (WMD = -6.802 mmHg, 95% CI: -8.517 to -5.087, P < 0.001) and HR (WMD = -14.242 bpm, 95% CI: -16.427 to -12.058, P = 0.028), without heterogeneity (I = 0.0%). There were low probabilities of publication bias for all comparisons.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings demonstrate that atenolol and ACEIs were equally effective in reducing PWV and PSBP, while atenolol was superior over ACEIs in improving PDBP and HR, especially within short-term treatment.
Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Antihypertensive Agents; Atenolol; Blood Pressure; Heart Rate; Humans; Hypertension; Pulse Wave Analysis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Vascular Stiffness
PubMed: 28534649
DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1267188 -
Journal of Pharmaceutical and... Feb 2016A novel, selective and robust enantiospecific HPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination of amlodipine and atenolol enantiomers. Box-Behnken design was...
A novel, selective and robust enantiospecific HPLC method was developed for simultaneous determination of amlodipine and atenolol enantiomers. Box-Behnken design was employed to identify the effect of factors (% ethanol, % diethylamine and flow rate) and their interactions on enantioresolution and analysis time. Chromatography was performed using mobile phase comprising acetonitrile, ethanol and DEA (92:8:0.2% v/v/v) delivered at a flow rate of 1.2mLmin(-1) on a Lux Cellulose-4 column. The enantiomers were monitored at a wavelength of 240nm and separation was achieved within 8min. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and quantification. The method was found to be linear (R(2)≥0.991), accurate (99.8-101.4%) and precise (%RSD≤3%). Additionally, fractional factorial design was used to evaluate the robustness of the method and non-significant intervals for mixture related factors were established using contour profiling. Furthermore, the pertinence of this validated method was established by analyzing three different commercially available formulations. The obtained results confirmed that the proposed method can be extended for routine enantiopurity assay of amlodipine and atenolol in pharmaceutical formulations.
Topics: Amlodipine; Atenolol; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Drug Contamination; Stereoisomerism
PubMed: 26760239
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.12.048