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Annals of Vascular Surgery Feb 2022
Topics: Bone Screws; Humans; Thoracic Vertebrae; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34775022
DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2021.10.023 -
Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research Mar 2021Orthodontic bone screws (OBSs) provide intraoral anchorage by penetrating oral mucosa and seating firmly in basilar bone (BB). Retromolar (prosthetic-type) implants...
Orthodontic bone screws (OBSs) provide intraoral anchorage by penetrating oral mucosa and seating firmly in basilar bone (BB). Retromolar (prosthetic-type) implants introduced the extra-alveolar (E-A) concept for BB anchorage to move teeth throughout the alveolar process, but the clinical procedures were complex and expensive. Titanium alloy (Ti) miniscrews placed in inter-radicular (I-R) alveolar bone are more convenient and provide some tooth movement potential, but multiple screws are usually required and the devices often interfere with the path of tooth movement. The advantages of BB anchorage and the convenience of miniscrew are combined into the E-A OBS system. These miniscrews are relatively large in diameter (2 mm), and strong (stainless steel), which are placed intraorally in the BB of the infra-zygomatic crest (IZC) and mandibular buccal shelf (MBS). E-A OBSs provide osseous anchorage to retract the dentition and/or rotate either arch. Recovery of impactions is effectively managed with lever arm springs anchored with IZC or MBS bone screws. An emerging frontier is BB anchorage for correcting severe malocclusions with clear aligners. Since the osseous-anchored mechanics are complementary, fixed appliances and clear aligners can be used individually or in tandem to resolve a broad variety of malocclusions. This report summarizes current concepts for conservatively managing complex malocclusions such as severe crowding, skeletal discrepancies, asymmetries and impactions with the OBS system.
Topics: Bone Screws; Mandible; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 33225592
DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12429 -
BioMed Research International 2022Miniscrew has been used widely as an effective orthodontic anchorage with reliable stationary quality, ease of insertion and removal techniques, immediate or early... (Review)
Review
Miniscrew has been used widely as an effective orthodontic anchorage with reliable stationary quality, ease of insertion and removal techniques, immediate or early loading, flexibility in site insertion, less trauma, minimal patient cooperation, and lower price. Nonetheless, it is not free of complications, and they could impact not only the miniscrew success rate but also patients' oral health. In this article, literature was searched and reviewed electronically as well as manually to evaluate the complications of orthodontic miniscrew. The selected articles are analyzed and subcategorized into complications during and after insertion, under loading, and during and after removal along with treatment if needed according to the time. In addition, the noteworthy associated factors such as the insertion and removal procedures, characteristics of both regional and local anatomic structures, and features of the miniscrew itself that play a significant role in the performance of miniscrews are also discussed based on literature evidence. Clinicians should notice these complications and their related factors to make a proper treatment plan with better outcomes.
Topics: Bone Screws; Humans; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures
PubMed: 35958810
DOI: 10.1155/2022/8720412 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Nov 2020Miniplate osteosynthesis has revolutionised the treatment of open reduction and internal fixation in craniomaxillofacial procedures. However, when complications arise...
Miniplate osteosynthesis has revolutionised the treatment of open reduction and internal fixation in craniomaxillofacial procedures. However, when complications arise necessitating the removal of previously placed miniplates, bony overgrowth may be present and must be eliminated before removal of the hardware is possible. Osteogenesis over the screws prevents proper engagement of the screwdriver with the screw drives. If bone remains embedded in the screw drive during attempted removal of the screw, the contact interference increases the risk of the screwdriver slipping and the screw drive being stripped. There remains a lack of adequate techniques to clear bony overgrowth from miniplates and screws to allow for easy removal, as conventional methods are ineffective, time-consuming, and may damage the screw drives. Herein, we describe a new laser-assisted miniplate removal technique to eliminate bone that has grown over miniplates and screws before the miniplate is removed. This technique is efficient, safe, and simple and, compared with conventional methods, may decrease the complications associated with the removal of miniplates and screws.
Topics: Bone Plates; Bone Screws; Bone and Bones; Fracture Fixation, Internal
PubMed: 32654799
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.06.014 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma Sep 2021
Topics: Bone Screws; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary; Hip Fractures; Humans
PubMed: 34050076
DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000002194 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma May 2020
Topics: Ankle Joint; Bone Screws; Research Design
PubMed: 31990762
DOI: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001746 -
Neurologia Medico-chirurgica Aug 2016Surgical approaches for stabilizing the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) are classified as either anterior or posterior approaches. Among the anterior approaches, the... (Review)
Review
Surgical approaches for stabilizing the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) are classified as either anterior or posterior approaches. Among the anterior approaches, the established method is anterior odontoid screw fixation. Posterior approaches are classified as either atlanto-axial fixation or occipito-cervical (O-C) fixation. Spinal instrumentation using anchor screws and rods has become a popular method for posterior cervical fixation. Because this method achieves greater stability and higher success rates for fusion without the risk of sublaminar wiring, it has become a substitute for previous methods that used bone grafting and wiring. Several types of anchor screws are available, including C1/2 transarticular, C1 lateral mass, C2 pedicle, and translaminar screws. Appropriate anchor screws should be selected according to characteristics such as technical feasibility, safety, and strength. With these stronger anchor screws, shorter fixation has become possible. The present review discusses the current status of surgical interventions for stabilizing the CVJ.
Topics: Atlanto-Axial Joint; Bone Screws; Humans; Joint Instability; Spinal Fusion
PubMed: 27041630
DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2015-0342 -
The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery :... 2021
Topics: Bone Screws; Humans; Metatarsal Bones
PubMed: 33551232
DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2020.04.009 -
The Journal of Hand Surgery Feb 2015A plethora of screw designs and sizes are available from multiple companies for use in upper extremity surgery. Knowing the dimensions of screws is critical in the... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
A plethora of screw designs and sizes are available from multiple companies for use in upper extremity surgery. Knowing the dimensions of screws is critical in the treatment of bone of varying dimensions for fractures, osteotomies, or arthrodeses. Although many screws are named by their major thread diameter, this is not always true. Because of this confusing nomenclature and vast number of options, we sought to review the most commonly used screws and codify their dimensions into a readily available article and reference chart. This article highlights the basic dimensions of commonly used headless screws, stand-alone lag screws, non-locking and locking screws for plating, and biocomposite screws. Commonly described treatments using these screws include fixation of elbow, wrist, carpal, metacarpal, and phalangeal fractures and osteotomies, as well as arthrodeses of upper extremity joints. This article and its tables are by no means exhaustive of all commercially available implants. The focus is on the most commonly used implants in the United States as of 2014.
Topics: Arm; Arthrodesis; Bone Screws; Equipment Design; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Hand; Humans; Osteotomy; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 25617959
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2014.11.012 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Aug 2022The influence of thread profile on the fixation stability of bone screws remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the fixation stability of screws with different... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
The influence of thread profile on the fixation stability of bone screws remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the fixation stability of screws with different thread profiles under several loading conditions.
METHODS
Bone screws that differed in thread profile (buttress, triangle, and square thread) only were made of stainless steel. Their fixation stabilities were evaluated individually by the axial pullout test and lateral migration test, besides, they were also evaluated in pairs together with a dynamic compression plate and a locking plate in polyurethane foam blocks under cyclic craniocaudal and torsional loadings.
RESULTS
The triangle-threaded and square-threaded screws had the highest pullout forces and lateral migration resistance. When being applied to a dynamic compression plate, higher forces and more cycles were required for both triangle- and square-threaded screws to reach the same displacement under cyclic craniocaudal loading. On the other hand, the triangle-threaded screws required a higher torque and more cycles to reach the same angular displacement under cyclic torsional loading. When being applied to a locking plate, the square-threaded screws needed higher load, torque, and more cycles to reach the same displacement under both cyclic craniocaudal and torsion loadings.
CONCLUSIONS
The triangle-threaded screws had superior pullout strength, while square-threaded screws demonstrated the highest lateral migration resistance. Moreover, dynamic compression plate fixation with triangle- and square-threaded screws achieved more favorable fixation stability under craniocaudal loading, while triangle-threaded screws demonstrated superior fixation stability under torsional loading. Locking plate fixation with a square-threaded screw achieved better fixation stability under both loading types.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone Plates; Bone Screws; Fracture Fixation, Internal; Humans; Stainless Steel; Torque
PubMed: 36042443
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05751-6