-
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Feb 2017Dapsone 7.5% gel (Aczone) is indicated for the once-daily topical treatment of acne vulgaris in patients aged ≥12 years. Dapsone is a sulfone antibacterial with... (Review)
Review
Dapsone 7.5% gel (Aczone) is indicated for the once-daily topical treatment of acne vulgaris in patients aged ≥12 years. Dapsone is a sulfone antibacterial with anti-inflammatory actions, which are thought to be largely responsible for its efficacy in treating acne vulgaris. In two phase III trials of 12 weeks' duration in patients aged ≥12 years with moderate acne vulgaris, once-daily dapsone 7.5% gel reduced acne severity (as per the Global Acne Assessment Score) and lesion counts versus vehicle. The benefits of dapsone 7.5% gel over vehicle were seen as early as week 2 for inflammatory lesion counts, and from week 4 or 8 for other outcomes. Dapsone 7.5% gel was well tolerated, with a low incidence of treatment-related adverse events, with the majority of adverse events being administration-site related and mild or moderate in severity. Thus, dapsone 7.5% gel is an effective and well tolerated option for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris in patients aged ≥12 years, with the convenience of once-daily application.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Child; Dapsone; Dermatologic Agents; Gels; Humans; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult
PubMed: 28005194
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-016-0242-0 -
Experimental Lung Research 2020Multiple pharmacological interventions tested over the last decades have failed to reduce ARDS mortality. This short note recounts past data indicating that (i)...
Multiple pharmacological interventions tested over the last decades have failed to reduce ARDS mortality. This short note recounts past data indicating that (i) neutrophils home along an IL-8 gradient, (ii) in ARDS, massive neutrophil accumulation and degranulation in and along bronchoalveolar spaces contributes to damage and hypoxia, (iii) large increases in IL-8 are one of the chemotaxic signals drawing neutrophils to the ARDS lung, and (iv) old data from dermatology and glioblastoma research showed that the old drug against Hansen's disease, dapsone, inhibits neutrophils' chemotaxis to IL-8. Therefore dapsone might lower neutrophils' contributions to ARDS lung pathology. Dapsone can create methemoglobinemia that although rarely problematic it would be particularly undesirable in ARDS. The common antacid drug cimetidine lowers risk of dapsone related methemoglobinemia and should be given concomitantly.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Cimetidine; Dapsone; Histamine H2 Antagonists; Humans; Methemoglobinemia; Neutrophils; Respiratory Distress Syndrome
PubMed: 32286085
DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1753266 -
Experimental and Molecular Pathology Feb 2022Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial disease of the lung tissue that causes symptoms such as coughing and asthma. It is caused by inflammatory...
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial disease of the lung tissue that causes symptoms such as coughing and asthma. It is caused by inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. In vivo model of IPF is induced by bleomycin (BLM,) a chemotherapeutic agent. We have investigated the effect of dapsone on bleomycin-induced IPF in adult male Wistar rats due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups (Control, BLM, BLM + dapsone 1, BLM + Dapsone 3, BLM + Dapsone 10). The control group received normal water and food. In the fibrosis group, bleomycin (BLM) (5 mg/kg) was used to induce pulmonary fibrosis by intratracheal administration. Three groups of animals were treated daily with single doses of 1, 3, and 10 mg dapsone by intraperitoneal injection 1 h after receiving BLM for 2 weeks. The activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and oxidative stress markers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PC) and nitrite were measured to evaluate bleomycin and therapeutic effect of dapsone. The histological assays of lung tissues were done by Hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) and Masson's trichrome staining. BLM reduced the activity of oxidative enzymes and increased the oxidative stress markers, while treatment with dapsone has reversed the results. In addition, the total number of cells as inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and eosinophils were examined. It has been indicated BLM increased these cells, and dapsone decreased them. The results of H & E and Masson's trichrome staining showed that dapsone reduced inflammation and alveolar wall thickness and BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. According to the findings of this study, dapsone seems to have therapeutic effects on pulmonary fibrosis through its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties and reduction of the toxic effects of bleomycin.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Bleomycin; Catalase; Dapsone; Disease Models, Animal; Glutathione Peroxidase; Histocytochemistry; Lung; Oxidative Stress; Peroxidase; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 34953919
DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104737 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2018
Topics: Dapsone; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous
PubMed: 30066783
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20187470 -
Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) Jun 2017Relapsing polychondritis (RPC) is a rare disease with recurrent episodes of inflammation of cartilage tissue leading to fibrosis and organ damage. Despite unknown... (Review)
Review
Relapsing polychondritis (RPC) is a rare disease with recurrent episodes of inflammation of cartilage tissue leading to fibrosis and organ damage. Despite unknown etiology, there is some evidence of a genetic predisposition. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous and an association with other autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or different forms of vasculitis has been described. All organ systems containing cartilage can be affected, such as ear, nose, joints, trachea, aorta, and coronary arteries. Given the broad spectrum of potential manifestations, a variety of medical specialists may be involved in the management of RPC patients. As establishing the diagnosis of RPC may be difficult, an interdisciplinary approach may be preferable. Treatment options include glucocorticoids, dapsone, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biologics. Prognosis is as heterogeneous as the clinical picture, depending on the severity of organ damage. In this paper we give an overview of the current knowledge with regard to pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, and therapy of RPC.
Topics: Antirheumatic Agents; Biological Products; Dapsone; Diagnosis, Differential; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Interdisciplinary Communication; Intersectoral Collaboration; Polychondritis, Relapsing; Prognosis; Rare Diseases
PubMed: 28364136
DOI: 10.1007/s10354-017-0559-1 -
Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD Jun 2024Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease prevalent in skin of color patients. Studies have demonstrated that dapsone gel, 7.5% (Aczone) used once daily is effective, safe,... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
INTRODUCTION
Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease prevalent in skin of color patients. Studies have demonstrated that dapsone gel, 7.5% (Aczone) used once daily is effective, safe, and well-tolerated for the treatment of acne in both men and women. However, minimal data are available in skin of color populations. This single-center, open-label clinical study investigated the efficacy and safety of dapsone gel, 7.5% in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris in patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV-VI.
METHODS
Twenty (20) adult subjects with moderate to severe acne and Fitzpatrick skin types IV-VI were enrolled in this study and treated with dapsone gel, 7.5% once daily for 24 weeks.
RESULTS
Dapsone gel, 7.5% applied daily for 24 weeks reduced acne severity, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and decreased new inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions in skin of color patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris. Treatment resulted in improved acne health-related quality of life and patient symptoms related to acne, including patient-reported post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, especially with a treatment duration of 18 weeks or longer. Limitations: The sample size was small and underpowered to detect statistically significant changes in some endpoints.
CONCLUSION
Dapsone gel 7.5% was safe, well-tolerated, and efficacious in treating acne vulgaris and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in skin-of-color patients. Larger studies involving skin-of-color populations with acne vulgaris are warranted. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(6):410-417. doi:10.36849/JDD.7897.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Young Adult; Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Cutaneous; Dapsone; Gels; Hyperpigmentation; Quality of Life; Severity of Illness Index; Skin Pigmentation; Treatment Outcome; Racial Groups
PubMed: 38834229
DOI: 10.36849/JDD.7897 -
Life Sciences May 2022Allergic rhinitis (AR), a major chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system, is a public health issue because of its substantial negative impact on quality of...
AIMS
Allergic rhinitis (AR), a major chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system, is a public health issue because of its substantial negative impact on quality of life and work efficiency alongside its high prevalence and costs. Dapsone is a sulfone chemical with reported anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Accordingly, we investigated the anti-inflammatory impact of dapsone on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in balb/c mice.
MAIN METHODS
Intraperitoneal ovalbumin and hydroxide aluminum injection followed by intranasal ovalbumin administration sensitized female Balb/c mice. Mice received intraperitoneal dapsone either acute (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) 30 min before the last ovalbumin challenge, or chronic (20 mg/kg) on days 21 to 35.
KEY FINDINGS
Both acute and chronic intraperitoneal usage of dapsone showed a considerable decrease in the nasal scratching behavior, the number of sneezing, serum IL-4 and IgE levels of ovalbumin-induced AR in balb/c mice, but there was a significant increase in serum IFNγ level. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a significant reduction of eosinophil numbers, following dapsone injection. Goblet cell hyperplasia and respiratory epithelial-thickness decreased significantly in the acute and chronic 20 mg/kg dapsone groups compared to the ovalbumin-induced controls.
SIGNIFICANCE
This study shows that there is an association between acute and chronic dapsone treatment and some anti-allergic effects through an inflammation cascade.
Topics: Animals; Cytokines; Dapsone; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Nasal Mucosa; Ovalbumin; Quality of Life; Rhinitis, Allergic
PubMed: 35245518
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120449 -
International Journal of Dermatology Nov 2022Acne is one of the most common dermatological disorders. Initial therapies for acne include topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and topical clindamycin. However,...
BACKGROUND
Acne is one of the most common dermatological disorders. Initial therapies for acne include topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, and topical clindamycin. However, patients who fail initial therapies may benefit from alternative topicals, including dapsone gel.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the current literature studying the efficacy of topical dapsone in the treatment of acne.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for clinical trials examining the efficacy of topical dapsone in the treatment of acne.
RESULTS
Fourteen studies were included in the analysis. Dapsone monotherapy showed a treatment success rate of 40.1-69.4% for dapsone gel 5% and 29.8-47.0% for dapsone gel 7.5% when used for 12-16 weeks. In all studies, inflammatory lesions decreased by a larger percentage than noninflammatory or total lesions. Dapsone gel was also studied in combination with various other acne treatments, including doxycycline, oral isotretinoin, benzoyl peroxide, and topical retinoids. While mild treatment-related adverse effects, most commonly consisting of skin irritation, occurred in 2.0-75.0% of participants, no major treatment-related adverse effects were reported.
LIMITATIONS
Limitations of the study include variable treatment regimens making it difficult to compare results across studies. Additionally, adverse effects and skin irritation were reported differently, and potential selection biases exist in the randomized trials.
CONCLUSION
Dapsone gel offers a safe and promising alternative therapy for patients with difficult to treat acne or those who experience adverse effects to first-line therapies.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Benzoyl Peroxide; Clindamycin; Dapsone; Doxycycline; Humans; Isotretinoin; Retinoids
PubMed: 35132625
DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16074 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Sep 2022Dapsone is one of the important drugs in the treatment of leprosy. The present study aims to evaluate the resistance of Mycobacterium leprae isolates to dapsone, in turn... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
Dapsone is one of the important drugs in the treatment of leprosy. The present study aims to evaluate the resistance of Mycobacterium leprae isolates to dapsone, in turn assisting in implementing better control strategies for leprosy elimination.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science. Two independent reviewers selected the literature according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias. Drug resistance data were pooled using the random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed based on across sampling time, region, study population (treatment status, relapses status), and sample size.
RESULTS
A total of 30 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the dapsone resistance rate of leprosy patients after treatment was 8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6%-10%). Compared to the rates of primary resistance of new cases without treatment therapy (pooled incidence, 4% [95% CI, 2%-5%]), treatment cases (13% [95% CI 9%-16%]) had secondary resistance, and relapse cases (26% [95% CI, 18%-33%]) had drug resistance. In addition, the drug resistance rate of monotherapy was significantly increased than that of relapsed patients treated with diamino-diphenylsulfone monotherapy. Subgroup analysis showed that the patients in the Western Pacific have the highest dapsone resistance, and the resistance to dapsone was slightly lower after 2005. For sample size, the rate in the group under 100 samples was significantly higher than in the other.
CONCLUSION
Dapsone resistance is closely related to leprosy relapse and long-term drug use. Dapsone monotherapy is one of important reasons for drug resistance in relapsed cases. Drug resistance varies among different populations and regions of the world.
Topics: Dapsone; Humans; Leprosy; Mycobacterium leprae; Recurrence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35643395
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.05.015 -
The Lancet. Infectious Diseases Sep 2017Leprosy is present in more than 100 countries, where it remains a major cause of peripheral neuropathy and disability. Attempts to eliminate the disease have faced... (Review)
Review
Leprosy is present in more than 100 countries, where it remains a major cause of peripheral neuropathy and disability. Attempts to eliminate the disease have faced various obstacles, including characteristics of the causative bacillus Mycobacterium leprae: the long incubation period, limited knowledge about its mode of transmission, and its poor growth on culture media. Fortunately, the leprosy bacillus is sensitive to several antibiotics. The first antibiotic to be widely used for leprosy treatment was dapsone in the 1950s, which had to be taken over several years and was associated with increasing bacterial resistance. Therefore, in 1981, WHO recommended that all registered patients with leprosy should receive combination therapy with three antibiotics: rifampicin, clofazimine, and dapsone. Global implementation of this highly effective multidrug therapy took about 15 years. In 1985, 5·3 million patients were receiving multidrug therapy; by 1991, this figure had decreased to 3·1 million (a decrease of 42%) and, by 2000, to 597 232 (a decrease of almost 90%). This reduction in the number of patients registered for treatment was due to shortening of the treatment regimen and achievement of 100% coverage with multidrug therapy. This achievement, which owed much to WHO and the donors of the multidrug therapy components, prompted WHO in 1991 to set a global target of less than one case per 10 000 population by 2000 to eliminate the disease as a public health problem. All but 15 countries achieved this target. Since 2000, about 250 000 new cases of leprosy have been detected every year. We believe an all-out campaign by a global leprosy coalition is needed to bring that figure down to zero.
Topics: Clofazimine; Dapsone; Disease Eradication; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Leprostatic Agents; Leprosy; Mycobacterium leprae; Rifampin
PubMed: 28693853
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30418-8