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Foot & Ankle Specialist Aug 2016
Topics: Humans; Periodicals as Topic; Publishing
PubMed: 27390288
DOI: 10.1177/1938640016658728 -
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience Sep 2018A crisis of confidence was triggered by the disappointment that diagnostic validity, an important goal, was not achieved with the publication of . The Research Domain... (Review)
Review
A crisis of confidence was triggered by the disappointment that diagnostic validity, an important goal, was not achieved with the publication of . The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) project, which provides a framework for neuroscientific research, was initially conceptualized as an alternative to . However, RDoC and are complementary rather than mutually exclusive. From a historical perspective, this article argues that the debate opposing psychology and brain in psychiatric classification is not new and has an air of déjà vu. We go back to the first classifications based on a scientific taxonomy in the late 18th century with Boissier de Sauvages, which were supposed to describe diseases as they really existed in nature. Emil Kraepelin successfully associated psychopathology and brain research, prefiguring the interaction between and RDoC. DSM symptoms remain valuable because they are the only data that are immediately and directly observable. Computational science is a promising instrument to interconnect psychopathological and neuroscientific data in the future.
Topics: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Mental Disorders; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychopathology
PubMed: 30581284
DOI: 10.31887/DCNS.2018.20.3/macrocq -
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Apr 2023
PubMed: 36952266
DOI: 10.1111/apt.17444 -
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences Nov 2023On Barzykowski and Moulin's continuum hypothesis, déjà vu and involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) share their underpinning neurocognitive processes. A...
On Barzykowski and Moulin's continuum hypothesis, déjà vu and involuntary autobiographical memories (IAMs) share their underpinning neurocognitive processes. A discontinuity issue for them is that familiarity and episodic recollection exhibit different neurocognitive signatures. This issue can be overcome, I say, provided the authors are ready to distinguish a déjà vécu/episodic IAM continuity and a déjà vu/semantic IAM continuity.
Topics: Humans; Recognition, Psychology; Memory, Episodic; Semantics
PubMed: 37961835
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X23000225 -
Journal of Insurance Medicine (New... Jan 2021
Topics: COVID-19; HIV Infections; Humans; Insurance Carriers; Insurance, Life; SARS-CoV-2; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
PubMed: 33971005
DOI: 10.17849/insm-49-1-5-10.1 -
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) Jun 2017
Topics: Humans; Renin-Angiotensin System
PubMed: 28396531
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.117.09167 -
The Lancet. Infectious Diseases Feb 20235 months into the monkeypox epidemic, there are no proven therapies and no comparative safety and efficacy data in the treatment of affected individuals. The question... (Review)
Review
5 months into the monkeypox epidemic, there are no proven therapies and no comparative safety and efficacy data in the treatment of affected individuals. The question remains whether we, as a scientific and medical community, will apply the lessons learned from the past decade of outbreaks that well conducted randomised controlled trials can be ethically, safely, and efficiently performed to guide clinical decision making so that the right drug is used for the right patient at the right time. Furthermore, the robust level of evidence from randomised controlled trials is highly relevant to advocating for equitable access to new treatments in low-income and middle-income countries. As with COVID-19, we need to pair optimal supportive care with rigorously designed double-blind randomised controlled trials to elucidate safe and effective therapies for monkeypox. The need remains for the funding and development of predesigned, adaptive trial protocols for diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential that can be timely pulled off the shelf and launched early in an outbreak, leveraging ready clinical trial networks and infrastructure for rapid discovery and implementation of new treatments.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Mpox (monkeypox); Double-Blind Method; Pandemics; Disease Outbreaks; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 36400066
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00722-8 -
The Behavioral and Brain Sciences Nov 2023Barzykowski and Moulin argue that déjà vu is a natural product of autobiographical memory retrieval. Their proposal fails to account for three salient properties of...
Barzykowski and Moulin argue that déjà vu is a natural product of autobiographical memory retrieval. Their proposal fails to account for three salient properties of déjà vu experiences: Their strangeness, their infrequency, and their characteristically sudden onset. Accounting for these properties is necessary for proper integration of déjà vu into autobiographical memory research.
Topics: Humans; Memory, Episodic
PubMed: 37961780
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X23000237 -
Journal of the American College of... Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; United States; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement; Europe; Aortic Valve Stenosis
PubMed: 37877905
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.09.002 -
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Sep 2014Semiology, the manifestation of epilepsy, is dependent upon electrical activity produced by epileptic seizures that are organized within existing neural pathways.... (Review)
Review
Semiology, the manifestation of epilepsy, is dependent upon electrical activity produced by epileptic seizures that are organized within existing neural pathways. Clinical signs evolve as the epileptic discharge spreads in both time and space. Studying the relation between these, of which the temporal component is at least as important as the spatial one, is possible using anatomo-electro-clinical correlations of stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) data. The period of semiology production occurs with variable time lag after seizure onset and signs then emerge more or less rapidly depending on seizure type (temporal seizures generally propagating more slowly and frontal seizures more quickly). The subset of structures involved in semiological production, the "early spread network", is tightly linked to those constituting the epileptogenic zone. The level of complexity of semiological features varies according to the degree of involvement of the primary or associative cortex, with the former having a direct relation to peripheral sensory and motor systems with production of hallucinations (visual and auditory) or elementary sensorimotor signs. Depending on propagation pattern, these signs can occur in a "march" fashion as described by Jackson. On the other hand, seizures involving the associative cortex, having a less direct relation with the peripheral nervous system, and necessarily involving more widely distributed networks manifest with altered cognitive and/or behavioral signs whose neural substrate involves a network of cortical structures, as has been observed for normal cognitive processes. Other than the anatomical localization of these structures, the frequency of the discharge is a crucial determinant of semiological effect since a fast (gamma) discharge will tend to deactivate normal function, whereas a slower theta discharge can mimic physiological function. In terms of interaction between structures, the degree of synchronization plays a key role in clinical expression, as evidenced, for example, by studies of ictal fear-related behavior (decorrelation of activity between structures inducing "release" phenomena) and of déjà vu (increased synchronization). Studies of functional coupling within networks underlying complex ictal behavior indicate that the clinical semiology of a given seizure depends upon neither the anatomical origin of ictal discharge nor the target areas of its propagation alone but on the dynamic interaction between these. Careful mapping of the ictal network in its full spread offers essential information as to the localization of seizure onset, by deducing that a given network configuration could only be generated by a given area or group of areas.
Topics: Cerebral Cortex; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Humans; Nerve Net
PubMed: 24424286
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.12.003