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Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Mar 2022The alarming upsurge in the co-existence of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance may have a devastating impact on humans, animals, and the environment. Four...
The alarming upsurge in the co-existence of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance may have a devastating impact on humans, animals, and the environment. Four metal-resistant bacteria were isolated from hospital effluents and industrial drain. Heavy metal resistance and antimicrobial resistance were examined in the isolates followed by identification through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Delftia tsuruhatensis strain FK-01 and Carnobacterium inhibens strain FK-02 tolerated arsenic with maximal tolerated concentration (MTC) of 30 mM and 10 mM, respectively. Staphylococcus hominis strain FK-04 tolerated copper up to 4 mM and lead-resistant Raoultella ornithinolytica strain FK-05 exhibited tolerance to 1 mM lead. The growth kinetics of bacteria were monitored in the presence of metals and the following antibiotics, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and kanamycin. The presence of arsenate significantly enhanced tetracycline resistance in C. inhibens. Heavy metal-induced antibiotic resistance was also observed in S. hominis and R. ornithinolytica, against chloramphenicol and tetracycline respectively. D. tsuruhatensis showed resistance to kanamycin but when grown in the presence of arsenic and kanamycin, bacteria lost resistance to the antibiotic. Therefore, it is suggested that the novel arsenate-resistant strain Delftia tsuruhatensis FK-01 has a unique ability to inhibit antimicrobial resistance that can be harnessed in bioremediation.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Metals, Heavy; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Wastewater
PubMed: 35254524
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09917-6 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2021Emerging evidences link gut microbiota to colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and development. However, the CRC stage- and spatial-specific bacterial taxa were less...
Emerging evidences link gut microbiota to colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and development. However, the CRC stage- and spatial-specific bacterial taxa were less investigated, especially in a Chinese cohort, leading to our incomplete understanding of the functional roles of gut microbiota in promoting CRC progression and recurrence. Here, we report the composition and structure of gut microbiota across CRC stages I, II and III, by analyzing the gut mucosal microbiomes of 75 triplet-paired samples collected from on-tumor, adjacent-tumor and off-tumor sites and 26 healthy controls. We observed tumor-specific pattern of mucosal microbiome profiles as CRC progressed and identified ten bacterial taxa with high abundances (>1%) as potential biomarkers for tumor initiation and development. and can serve as biomarkers for CRC stage I. , , , , , and can serve as biomarkers for CRC stage II, while , , , , and can serve as biomarkers for CRC stage III. These biomarkers classified CRC stages I, II and III distinguished from each other with an area under the receiver-operating curve (AUC) > 0.5. Moreover, co-occurrence and co-excluding network analysis of these genera showed strong correlations in CRC stage I, which were subsequently reduced in CRC stages II and III. Our findings provide a reference index for stage-specific CRC diagnosis and suggest stage-specific roles of , , and in driving CRC progression.
PubMed: 34440574
DOI: 10.3390/life11080831 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Mar 2018Delftia tsuruhatensis, which was first isolated in environmental samples, was rarely associated with human infections. We report on pneumonia caused by D. tsuruhatensis... (Review)
Review
Delftia tsuruhatensis, which was first isolated in environmental samples, was rarely associated with human infections. We report on pneumonia caused by D. tsuruhatensis in an infant who underwent cardiac surgery. Retrospective analyses detected 9 other isolates from 8 patients. D. tsuruhatensis is an emergent pathogen, at least for immunocompromised patients.
Topics: Communicable Diseases, Emerging; Cross Infection; Delftia; France; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant; Opportunistic Infections
PubMed: 29460754
DOI: 10.3201/eid2403.160939 -
PloS One 2022This study explored changes in the microbial community structure during straw degradation by a microbial decomposer, M44. The microbial community succession at different...
This study explored changes in the microbial community structure during straw degradation by a microbial decomposer, M44. The microbial community succession at different degradation periods was analyzed using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that 14 days after inoculation, the filter paper enzyme and endoglucanase activities increased to 2.55 U·mL-1 and 2.34 U·mL-1. The xylanase, laccase, and lignin peroxidase activities rose to 9.86 U·mL-1, 132.16 U·L-1, and 85.43 U·L-1 after 28 d, which was consistent with changes in the straw degradation rate. The degradation rates of straw, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose were 31.43%, 13.67%, 25.04%, and 21.69%, respectively, after 28 d of fermentation at 15°C. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the main bacterial species in samples at different degradation stages. The dominant genera included Pseudomonas, Delftia, and Paenibacillus during the initial stage (1 d, 7 d) and the mid-term stage (14 d). The key functional microbes during the late stage (21 d, 28 d) were Rhizobium, Chryseobacterium, Sphingobacterium, Brevundimonas, and Devosia. Changes in the bacterial consortium structure and straw degradation characteristics during different degradation periods were clarified to provide a theoretical basis for the rational utilization of microbial decomposer M44.
Topics: Bacteria; Cellulose; Fermentation; Lignin; Microbial Consortia; Temperature
PubMed: 35802565
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270162 -
PloS One 2021Despite the formation of biofilms on catheters for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), some patients do not show bacteremia. To elucidate the specific linkage...
Despite the formation of biofilms on catheters for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), some patients do not show bacteremia. To elucidate the specific linkage between biofilms and bacteremia in patients with ECMO, an improved understanding of the microbial community within catheter biofilms is necessary. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the biofilm microbiome of ECMO catheters from adults with (n = 6) and without (n = 15) bacteremia. The microbiomes of the catheter biofilms were evaluated by profiling the V3 and V4 regions of bacterial 16s rRNA genes using the Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform. In total, 2,548,172 reads, with an average of 121,341 reads per sample, were generated. Although alpha diversity was slightly higher in the non-bacteremic group, the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, there was no difference in beta diversity between the two groups. We found 367 different genera, of which 8 were present in all samples regardless of group; Limnohabitans, Flavobacterium, Delftia, Massilia, Bacillus, Candidatus, Xiphinematobacter, and CL0-1 showed an abundance of more than 1% in the sample. In particular, Arthrobacter, SMB53, Neisseria, Ortrobactrum, Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia, Deefgae, Dyella, Paracoccus, and Pedobacter were highly abundant in the bacteremic group. Network analysis indicated that the microbiome of the bacteremic group was more complex than that of the non-bacteremic group. Flavobacterium and CL0.1, which were abundant in the bacteremic group, were considered important genera because they connected different subnetworks. Biofilm characteristics in ECMO catheters varied according to the presence or absence of bacteremia. There were no significant differences in diversity between the two groups, but there were significant differences in the community composition of the biofilms. The biofilm-associated community was dynamic, with the bacteremic group showing very complex network connections within the microbiome.
Topics: Arthrobacter; Bacteremia; Bacteria; Biofilms; Catheter-Related Infections; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Female; Humans; Male; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Neisseria; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34529734
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257449 -
Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology Jun 2022Per- and Polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of synthetic compounds that have fluorine substituted for hydrogen in several or all locations and are...
Per- and Polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of synthetic compounds that have fluorine substituted for hydrogen in several or all locations and are globally categorized as PFCs (perfluorochemicals; commonly called fluorinated chemicals). These compounds have unique chemical and physical properties that enable their use in non-stick surfaces, fire-fighting efforts, and as slick coatings. However, recent concerns over the health effects of such compounds, specifically perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOA, PFOS; PFOA/S), have led to increased attention and research by the global community into degradation methods. In this study, soil samples from PFAS-contamination sites were cultured and screened for microbes with PFOA/S degradation potential, which led to the identification of It was found that isolated from PFAS-contaminated soils was capable of growth in minimal media with PFOA as a sole carbon resource, and an observable fluoride concentration increase was observed when cells were exposed to PFOA. This suggests potential activity of a dehalogenase enzyme that may be of use in PFOA or PFAS microbial remediation efforts. Several associated haloacid dehalogenases have been identified in the genome and have been engineered for expression in for rapid production and purification. These enzymes have shown potential for enzymatic defluorination, a significant step in biological degradation and removal of PFOA/S from the environment. We hypothesize that bioremediation of PFAS using naturally occurring microbial degradation pathways may represent a novel approach to remove PFAS contamination.
PubMed: 35224235
DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.02.005 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2021Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, and the atmosphere is no exception. However, airborne bacterial communities are some of the least studied. Increasing...
Microorganisms are ubiquitous in the environment, and the atmosphere is no exception. However, airborne bacterial communities are some of the least studied. Increasing our knowledge about these communities and how environmental factors shape them is key to understanding disease outbreaks and transmission routes. We describe airborne bacterial communities at two different sites in Tenerife, La Laguna (urban, 600 m.a.s.l.) and Izaña (high mountain, 2,400 m.a.s.l.), and how they change throughout the year. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to target 16S rRNA genes in 293 samples. Results indicated a predominance of Proteobacteria at both sites (>65%), followed by Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes. Gammaproteobacteria were the most frequent within the Proteobacteria phylum during spring and winter, while Alphaproteobacteria dominated in the fall and summer. Within the 519 genera identified, was the most frequent during spring (35.75%) and winter (30.73%); (24.49%) and (19.88%) dominated in the summer; and represented 10.26 and 12.41% of fall and winter samples, respectively. was also identified in 17.15% of the fall samples. These five genera were more abundant at the high mountain site, while other common airborne bacteria were more frequent at the urban site (, , , and ). Diversity values showed different patterns for both sites, with higher values during the cooler seasons in Izaña, whereas the opposite was observed in La Laguna. Regarding wind back trajectories, Tropical air masses were significantly different from African ones at both sites, showing the highest diversity and characterized by genera regularly associated with humans (, , and ), as well as others related to extreme conditions () or typically associated with animals (Lachnospiraceae). Marine and African air masses were consistent and very similar in their microbial composition. By contrast, European trajectories were dominated by , , , and . These data contribute to our current state of knowledge in the field of atmospheric microbiology. However, future studies are needed to increase our understanding of the influence of different environmental factors on atmospheric microbial dispersion and the potential impact of airborne microorganisms on ecosystems and public health.
PubMed: 34737729
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.732961 -
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za... Nov 2022To investigate the diversity and composition of microflora in laboratory-reared at different developmental stages and larval habitat waters.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the diversity and composition of microflora in laboratory-reared at different developmental stages and larval habitat waters.
METHODS
The larval habitat waters and different developmental stages of laboratory-reared were collected, and the V3 and V4 regions of the bacterial gene were sequenced using Illumina Miseq next-generation sequencing. The abundance and diversity of the microflora were examined using alpha diversity index in at different developmental stages, and the difference in the microflora compositions was compared in at different developmental stages using principal component analysis (PCA). In addition, the species composition and relative abundance of microflora in A. at different developmental stages were described using histograms and Venn diagrams.
RESULTS
A total of 16 phyla, 30 classes, 72 orders, 129 families and 224 genera of bacteria were detected in larval habitat waters and different developmental stages of The highest bacterial diversity was seen in larval , with Chao index of 125.20 ± 30.48 and Shannon diversity index of 2.04 ± 0.39, which were comparable to those (Chao index of 118.52 ± 15.07 and Shannon diversity index of 2.15 ± 0.30) in larval habitat waters ( = 0.35 and -0.41, both values > 0.05). The bacterial abundance and evenness were significantly greater in female adults than in male adults (Chao index: 42.50 ± 3.54 vs. 18.50 ± 2.13, = 8.23, < 0.05; Shannon diversity index: 1.25 ± 1.67 vs. 0.50 ± 0.05, = 6.00, < 0.05). Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota and Finnicutes were four common phyla of bacteria at each developmental stage of with Proteobacteria dominated at the pupal stage (90.36%), Bacteroidota dominated at the adult stage (46.01% in female adults and 86.11% in male adults), and Actinobacteriota dominated at the larval stage (32.10%). and were common dominant genera of bacteria at each developmental stage of with as the major component at the pupal stage (87.56%), as the main component at the adult stage (46.01% in female adults and 86.11% in male adults, respectively), and as the dominant bacterial genus at the larval stage (12.11%). In addition, , , , , , and were common genera of bacteria at each developmental stage of , with dominated at the larval stage (17.54%) and dominated in larval habitat waters (13.93%).
CONCLUSIONS
There are differences in the composition of symbiotic bacteria at different developmental stages of ; however, similar microflora diversity is maintained at the phylum level. The microflora diversity is comparable in larvae and larval habitat waters of .
Topics: Humans; Adult; Animals; Female; Male; Aedes; Flavobacteriaceae Infections; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Microbiota; Larva
PubMed: 36464263
DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022144 -
Insects Jan 2022Silkworm, L., research involves studies on improving strains for enhanced sustainability of high-quality silk production. Several of these have investigated the factors...
Silkworm, L., research involves studies on improving strains for enhanced sustainability of high-quality silk production. Several of these have investigated the factors affecting growth and development of silkworm larvae and cocoon characteristics that subsequently affect the yield and quality of silk. The gut microbiota has been reported to impact growth and development of silkworms and has been linked, in particular, with absorption and utilization of nutrients and immunity to diseases. The silkworm strains maintained in the Philippines lack sufficient biological data for use in strain improvement. This prompted efforts to augment the data by profiling bacterial communities through high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and analysis in four of the local silkworm strains that are bred and maintained in the country. Results of the study showed that the four silkworm strains are abundant in bacteria that belong to the genera , , , and . Results also showed that bacterial diversity and evenness increase as larvae mature, which can be correlated to larval development and shifts in the amount and age of mulberry leaves the larvae consume.
PubMed: 35055946
DOI: 10.3390/insects13010100 -
Microbiome Nov 2022Phytoremediation is a potentially cost-effective way to remediate highly contaminated mine tailing sites. However, nutrient limitations, especially the deficiency of...
BACKGROUND
Phytoremediation is a potentially cost-effective way to remediate highly contaminated mine tailing sites. However, nutrient limitations, especially the deficiency of nitrogen (N), can hinder the growth of plants and impair the phytoremediation of mine tailings. Nevertheless, pioneer plants can successfully colonize mine tailings and exhibit potential for tailing phytoremediation. Diazotrophs, especially diazotrophic endophytes, can promote the growth of their host plants. This was tested in a mine-tailing habitat by a combination of field sampling, DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP) analysis, and pot experiments.
RESULTS
Bacteria belonging to the genera Herbaspirillum, Rhizobium, Devosia, Pseudomonas, Microbacterium, and Delftia are crucial endophytes for Chinese silvergrass (Miscanthus sinensis) grown in the tailing, the model pioneer plant selected in this study. Further, DNA-SIP using N identified Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, and Exiguobacterium as putative diazotrophic endophytes of M. sinensis. Metagenomic-binning suggested that these bacteria contained essential genes for nitrogen fixation and plant growth promotion. Finally, two diazotrophic endophytes Rhizobium sp. G-14 and Pseudomonas sp. Y-5 were isolated from M. sinensis. Inoculation of another pioneer plant in mine tailings, Bidens pilosa, with diazotrophic endophytes resulted in successful plant colonization, significantly increased nitrogen fixation activity, and promotion of plant growth.
CONCLUSIONS
This study indicated that diazotrophic endophytes have the potential to promote the growth of pioneer plant B. pilosa in mine tailings. Video Abstract.
Topics: Endophytes; Poaceae; Nitrogen Fixation; Bacteria; Plants; Pseudomonas; China; DNA; Plant Roots
PubMed: 36329505
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01379-9