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Frontiers in Microbiology 2019The rapid emergence of drug resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, outpacing the development of new antibiotics. It is known that some of the main sources of...
The rapid emergence of drug resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, outpacing the development of new antibiotics. It is known that some of the main sources of antibiotics are the bacteria themselves, many of which are secondary metabolites of Gram positive bacteria. Siderophores, which are secondary metabolites, function as natural chelators (e.g., iron). They are produced and secreted by many bacteria and have been experimented on as "carriers" of several types of antibiotics that pass the cell membrane of challenging Gram negative bacteria. Delftibactin A is a non-ribosomal peptide (NRP), which is known to detoxify gold in spp. and form gold nuggets, and is considered to be a siderophore. In this study we demonstrate that the supernatant from novel environmental isolates of spp. have antimicrobial activity. We characterized the active fraction and identified delftibactin A as a compound with antimicrobial activity. Delftibactin A exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against Gram positive multi drug resistant (MDR) bacteria like Methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and Vancomycin resistant (VRE), and also against the Gram negative pathogens and . We discovered that the production of delftibactin A is greatly influenced by temperature. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the possibility of utilizing delftibactin A as a siderophore carrier of toxic metals such as gallium into Gram negative bacteria. These findings expose new opportunities of yet unexploited natural products such as delftibactin A, which have been known for other bacterial uses, as potent factors in the battle against MDR bacteria.
PubMed: 31681234
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02377 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2023Coaggregation plays an important role in the development of multispecies biofilms in different environments, often serving as an active bridge between biofilm members...
Coaggregation plays an important role in the development of multispecies biofilms in different environments, often serving as an active bridge between biofilm members and other organisms that, in their absence, would not integrate the sessile structure. The ability of bacteria to coaggregate has been reported for a limited number of species and strains. In this study, 38 bacterial strains isolated from drinking water (DW) were investigated for their ability to coaggregate, in a total of 115 pairs of combinations. Among these isolates, only Delftia acidovorans (strain 005P) showed coaggregating ability. Coaggregation inhibition studies have shown that the interactions mediating D. acidovorans 005P coaggregation were both polysaccharide-protein and protein-protein, depending on the interacting partner bacteria. Dual-species biofilms of D. acidovorans 005P and other DW bacteria were developed to understand the role of coaggregation on biofilm formation. Biofilm formation by Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas putida strains highly benefited from the presence of D. acidovorans 005P, apparently due to the production of extracellular molecules/public goods favouring microbial cooperation. This was the first time that the coaggregation capacity of D. acidovorans was demonstrated, highlighting its role in providing a metabolic opportunity for partner bacteria.
Topics: Drinking Water; Delftia acidovorans; Biofilms; Bacteria; Citrobacter freundii
PubMed: 36889402
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162646 -
International Journal of Gynecological... Oct 2020Although persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia, the relationship between vaginal microbiota...
OBJECTIVES
Although persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia, the relationship between vaginal microbiota and different grades of squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia is not well established. We explored the possible relationship between the vaginal microbiota and the progression of cervical squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia.
METHODS
We evaluated 69 women who attended the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. The vaginal bacterial composition of three groups of women was characterized by deep sequencing of bar-coded 16S rRNA gene fragments (V3-4) using Illumina MiSeq. Exclusion criteria were any previous hysterectomy, history of cervical or other lower genital cancer, and/or destructive therapy of the cervix. Women who had autoimmune disorders, who were HIV positive, who received antibiotics within 15 days of sampling, or who had engaged in sexual intercourse or douching within 48 hours prior to sampling were also excluded. P values for age and proportions of organisms were calculated using one-way ANOVA and p values for HPV status and community state types (CSTs) were calculated using a χ test.
RESULTS
The vaginal bacterial composition of three groups of women, those without an intra-epithelial lesion or malignancy (n=31), those with a low-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (LSIL) (n=22), and those with a high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion (HSIL) (n=16) were analyzed. was the most dominant genus overall. and were increased in the HSIL group. Cervical disease progression was associated with the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection. Squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia converted the vaginal bacterial community structure from CSTs IV to II. Microbiota diversity was more pronounced in CST types II and IV (p<0.001), especially in type II. We found a significant enrichment in the Peptostreptococcaceae family, Pseudomonadales order, and other types of bacteria in the group of women without intra-epithelial lesions or malignancy compared with women with squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia. We found enrichment in in the LSIL and HSIL groups compared with the group without an intra-epithelial lesion or malignancy.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results show that the vaginal microbiota is directly or indirectly related to the progression of squamous intra-epithelial neoplasia, and might be a microbiological hallmark of cervical pre-cancerous lesions.
Topics: Adult; Case-Control Studies; China; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Microbiota; Middle Aged; Papillomavirus Infections; Vagina; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia
PubMed: 32499394
DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2020-001341 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2019To investigate the conjunctival microbiota and the association between the development of conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and dysbiosis,...
To investigate the conjunctival microbiota and the association between the development of conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma and dysbiosis, DNA samples were collected from 25 conjunctival MALT lymphoma patients and 25 healthy controls. To compare the microbiota, samples were collected from the following four body locations: conjunctiva, meibomian gland, periocular skin and hand. Extracted DNA was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequences, and libraries were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq sequencer. The differences in bacteria were characterized by using principal coordinate analysis of metagenomics data, and the differences in bacterial compositions were evaluated by linear discriminant analysis effect size. The conjunctival microbiota of MALT lymphoma patients was compositionally different from that of healthy controls. For the conjunctival MALT lymphoma patients, alterations in the microbial composition were detected, and a remarkable change was detected at the conjunctiva. Detailed analysis showed that a specific population of the microbiota, the genus Delftia, was significantly more abundant in conjunctival MALT lymphoma patients, and the genera Bacteroides and Clostridium were less abundant in the MALT lymphoma patients. A specific microbiota on the ocular surface in conjunctival MALT lymphoma patients was detected, and dysbiosis may play an important role in the pathophysiology of conjunctival MALT lymphoma.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biodiversity; Case-Control Studies; Conjunctiva; Dysbiosis; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Immunoglobulin A; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone; Male; Middle Aged; Principal Component Analysis; Species Specificity; Tears
PubMed: 31182732
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44861-5 -
Disease Markers 2021Clinical studies have shown that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) could be significantly improved by Governor Vessel moxibustion (GVM) therapy.
BACKGROUND
Clinical studies have shown that ankylosing spondylitis (AS) could be significantly improved by Governor Vessel moxibustion (GVM) therapy.
OBJECTIVE
Study whether GVM therapy alleviates the clinical symptoms of AS by modulating intestinal microbiota.
METHODS
A total of 9 AS patients and 9 paired healthy individuals were enrolled, and GVM therapy was provided to the AS patients. Stool, urine, and saliva samples from the healthy individuals and the AS patients before and after GVM therapy were collected, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for microbiota analysis.
RESULTS
We found that GVM therapy can significantly alleviate the symptoms of AS, such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloating. GVM therapy also decreased the abundances of and while increasing the abundances of beneficial bacteria, such as , in the gut microbiota of the AS patients. The analyses for AS clinical data and microbial abundances in AS patients revealed their multiple significant correlations ( < 0.01); for example, an unclassified crystal was positively correlated with and , monocyte had a negative correlation with , and human leukocyte antigen-B27 was negatively correlated with , , and .
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, these findings demonstrate that GVM therapy can alleviate AS clinical symptoms, and at the same time, it improves the microbial structure of microbiota in AS patients. This trial is registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100051907.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Diarrhea; Feces; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Middle Aged; Moxibustion; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Saliva; Spondylitis, Ankylosing; Urine
PubMed: 34966466
DOI: 10.1155/2021/9370758 -
Chemosphere Sep 2023Microbial consortia HY3 and JY3 with high degradation efficiency of 2-Diethylamino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine (DHMP) were isolated from aerobic and parthenogenic ponds...
Microbial consortia HY3 and JY3 with high degradation efficiency of 2-Diethylamino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine (DHMP) were isolated from aerobic and parthenogenic ponds of DHMP-containing pharmaceutical wastewater, respectively. Both consortia were enriched and reached stable degradation performance with a DHMP concentration of 1500 mg L. The DHMP degradation efficiencies of HY3 and JY3 were 95.66% ± 0.24% and 92.16% ± 2.34% under the condition of shaking at 180 r·min and the temperature of 30 °C for 72 h. And the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand were 89.14% ± 4.78% and 80.30% ± 11.74%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that three bacterial phyla of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were dominant in both HY3 and JY3, but their dominances varied. At the genus level, the richness of Unclassified Comamonadaceae (34.23%), Paracoccus (14.75%), and Brevundimonas (13.94%) ranked top three in HY3 whereas Unclassified Comamonadaceae (40.80%), Unclassified Burkholderiales (13.81%) and Delftia (13.11%) were dominant in JY3. The metabolites of DHMP degradation by HY3 and JY3 were analyzed in detail. Two pathways for cleavage of the nitrogenous heterocyclic ring were speculated, one of which was identified for the first time in this study.
Topics: Wastewater; Microbial Consortia; Bacteria; Heterocyclic Compounds; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Bioreactors
PubMed: 37217008
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139000 -
The Science of the Total Environment Feb 2021Previous studies have provided evidence that bioremediation deals a novel approach to graffiti removal, thereby overcoming well-known limitations of current cleaning...
Previous studies have provided evidence that bioremediation deals a novel approach to graffiti removal, thereby overcoming well-known limitations of current cleaning methods. In the present study eight bacteria aerobic, mesophilic and culturable from the American ATCC and the German DSMZ collections of microorganisms, some isolated from car paint waste, colored deposits in a pulp dryer and wastewater from dye works, were tested in the removal of silver and black graffiti spray paints using immersion strategies with glass slides. Absorbance at 600 nm and live/dead assays were performed to estimate bacterial density and activity in all samples. Also, pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC) measurements in the liquid media were made, as well as, thickness, colorimetric and infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurements in graffiti paint layers were used to evaluate the presence of the selected bacteria in the samples and the graffiti bioremoval capacity of bacteria. Data demonstrated that of the eight bacteria studied, Enterobacter aerogenes, Comamonas sp. and a mixture of Bacillus sp., Delftia lacustris, Sphingobacterium caeni, and Ochrobactrum anthropi were the most promising for bioremoval of graffiti. According to significant changes in FTIR spectra, indicating an alteration of the paint polymeric structure, coupled with the presence of a consistent quantity of live bacteria in the medium as well as a significant increase of DIC (a measure of metabolic activity) and a change in paint color.
Topics: Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; Delftia; Sphingobacterium
PubMed: 33280882
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144075 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Feb 2022Pb(II) contamination imposes serious threats to human health and the environment. Biological reduction of Pb(II) to metallic Pb is an attractive method for the...
Pb(II) contamination imposes serious threats to human health and the environment. Biological reduction of Pb(II) to metallic Pb is an attractive method for the remediation of Pb(II)-contaminated water and sediments. In this study, Pb(II)-reducing microorganisms were isolated by the dilution-to-extinction (DTE) and streak-plate methods. As a result, Delftia acidovorans, Azonexus caeni, and Comamonas testosteroni were successfully isolated. At a high lead concentration (10 mg-Pb(II)/L), each of the isolated D. acidovorans strain Pb11 and A. caeni strain Pb2 cultures showed successful utilization of Pb(II), resulting in a 5.15- and 8.14-fold growth in 3 days, respectively. Pb(II) reduction to metallic Pb by D. acidovorans strain Pb11 and A. caeni strain Pb2 was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was coupled with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). This strategic analysis was necessary to confirm the formation of metallic Pb separately from lead phosphate precipitates which are inevitable in the biological Pb(II) removal experiments. Among the 3 isolated microbes, C. testosteroni strain Pb3 did not leave immobile and detectable Pb solids in SEM-EDS analyses. D. acidovorans and A. caeni are recommended for engineered remediation of Pb(II)-contaminated wastewater and sediments.
Topics: Adsorption; Bacteria; Comamonas testosteroni; Humans; Lead; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Wastewater
PubMed: 34788938
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126975 -
Colombia Medica (Cali, Colombia) Sep 2019A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, fever and fatigue. The patient has been receiving immunosuppressive therapy for...
CASE DESCRIPTION
A 52-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of cough, sputum, fever and fatigue. The patient has been receiving immunosuppressive therapy for thrombocytopenic purpura for 5 years.
CLINICAL FINDING
Inspiratory crackles were heard on both hemithorax. Oxygen saturation measured with the pulse oximeter was 97%. Chest X-ray showed diffuse reticular opacities that were more prominent in the upper zones of both lungs. WBC counts were 17,600 mm and Platelet counts were 29,000 mm. Thorax CT showed that there were many thin-walled cavities and millimetric nodules accompanied by ground-glass infiltrates in the upper and middle lobes. Gram staining of bronchial fluid, taken by bronchoscopy, revealed Gram-negative bacilli and intense polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The bacteria were defined as by BD Phoenix automated system.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES
The patient was hospitalized with suspicion of opportunistic pulmonary infections and cavitary lung disease. After the empirical treatment of intravenous piperacillin-tazobactam and oral clarithromycin, her clinical and radiological findings significantly regressed, and she was discharged with outpatient follow-up.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This is the first example of cavitary pneumonia due to in an immunocompromised patient. We would like to emphasize that pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary cavitary involvement in such patients.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Clarithromycin; Delftia acidovorans; Female; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Lung; Middle Aged; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 32284666
DOI: 10.25100/cm.v50i3.4025 -
Biology Sep 2021As an adaptation to unfavorable conditions, microorganisms may represent different phenotypes. L. is a hyperaccumulator of pollutants, but the functions of its...
As an adaptation to unfavorable conditions, microorganisms may represent different phenotypes. L. is a hyperaccumulator of pollutants, but the functions of its microbiome have not been well recognized to date. We aimed to reveal the potential of the microbiome for degradation of organic compounds, as well as its potential to promote plant growth in the presence of heavy metals. We applied the Biolog Phenotypic Microarrays platform to study the potential of the microbiome for the degradation of 96 carbon compounds and stress factors and assayed the hydrolytic potential and auxin production by the microorganisms in the presence of Pb, Cd, Cr (VI), Ni, Ag, and Au. We found various phenotype changes depending on the stress factor, suggesting a possible dual function of the studied microorganisms, i.e., in bioremediation and as a biofertilizer for plant growth promotion. sp., sp. and sp. exhibited high efficacy in metabolizing organic compounds. sp., sp. and sp. were efficient in enzymatic responses and were characterized by metal tolerant. Since each strain exhibited individual phenotype changes due to the studied stresses, they may all be beneficial as both biofertilizers and bioremediation agents, especially when combined in one biopreparation.
PubMed: 34571755
DOI: 10.3390/biology10090879