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European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry Mar 2018Tooth decay is still one of the most common chronic childhood diseases in the world, even if during the last five decades measures to combat dental caries have been... (Review)
Review
Tooth decay is still one of the most common chronic childhood diseases in the world, even if during the last five decades measures to combat dental caries have been developed, tested and applied in many populations. Preventive care and education programmes are essential to keeping children's mouths healthy. Within the prevention methods, dental sealants play an important role in preventing the onset and the development of dental cavities.
Topics: Child; Dental Caries; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Primary Prevention
PubMed: 29569460
DOI: 10.23804/ejpd.2018.19.01.15 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2022Even in the 21st century, dental caries are considered a global burden, severely upsetting the health and quality of life of those affected. Apart from the fluoride use... (Review)
Review
Even in the 21st century, dental caries are considered a global burden, severely upsetting the health and quality of life of those affected. Apart from the fluoride use and regular oral hygiene, one of the most important prophylactic approaches against caries occurrence is the sealing of pits and fissures. Pit and fissure sealants are a core part of the preventive program in pediatric dentistry and should be considered as a key component of minimally invasive dentistry due to their broad patient benefit. The primary sealant efficacy measure is retention. If the sealant remains bonded to the tooth and offers a good seal, then it is right to expect the occurrence of caries to be diminished. Traditional pit and fissure sealants are hydrophobic. These materials are based on bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA) and other monomers requiring a dry field which is hard to achieve in an oral environment, especially for children. This review highlights the literature on the effectiveness of moisture tolerant pit and fissure sealant, which are the hydrophilic pit and fissure sealant, and a general overview of the pit and fissure sealant materials used for sealing occlusal surfaces, its classification as well as indications and possible side effects. Priscilla S, GS P, Mohandoss S. Moisture Tolerant Pit and Fissure Sealant: A Literature Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(2):233-239.
PubMed: 37457211
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2354 -
Pediatric Clinics of North America Oct 2018Dental caries is endemic in children and adolescents and has significant morbidity. This complex and chronic disease has both genetic and environmental etiologic... (Review)
Review
Dental caries is endemic in children and adolescents and has significant morbidity. This complex and chronic disease has both genetic and environmental etiologic factors. In children the preponderance of caries affects tooth surfaces with pits and fissures despite these representing only a small portion of the tooth surfaces that are at risk. Pit and fissure sealants are effective in preventing and managing noncavitated caries lesions in these surfaces. A variety of materials are clinically effective, and health care guidelines recommend the use of pit and fissure sealants as part of a comprehensive dental caries prevention program.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dental Caries; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Prevalence
PubMed: 30213356
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2018.05.005 -
Pediatric Dentistry 2016National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 data indicated that, in the United States, nearly onefourth of children and over one-half of adolescents... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012 data indicated that, in the United States, nearly onefourth of children and over one-half of adolescents experienced dental caries in their permanent teeth. The purpose of this review was to summarize the available clinical evidence regarding the effect of dental sealants for the prevention and management of pit-and-fissure occlusal carious lesions in primary and permanent molars, compared with a control without sealants, with fluoride varnishes, or with other head-to head comparisons.
TYPE OF STUDIES REVIEWED
The authors included parallel and split-mouth randomized controlled trials that included at least 2 years of follow-up, which they identified using MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, LILACS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and registers of ongoing trials. Pairs of reviewers independently conducted the selection of studies, data extraction, risk of bias assessments, and quality of the evidence assessments by using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.
RESULTS
Of 2,869 records screened, the authors determined that 24 articles (representing 23 studies) proved eligible. Moderate-quality evidence suggested that participants who received sealants had a reduced risk of developing carious lesions in occlusal surfaces of permanent molars compared with those who did not receive sealants (odds ratio [OR], 0.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.08-0.27) after 7 or more years of follow-up. When the authors compared studies whose investigators had compared sealants with fluoride varnishes, they found that sealants reduced the incidence of carious lesions after 7 or more years of follow-up (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.07-0.51); however, this finding was supported by low-quality evidence. On the basis of the evidence, the authors could not provide a hierarchy of effectiveness among the studies whose investigators had conducted head-to-head comparisons. The investigators of 2 trials provided information about adverse events, but they did not report any adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
Available evidence suggests that sealants are effective and safe to prevent or arrest the progression of noncavitated carious lesions compared with a control without sealants or fluoride varnishes. Further research is needed to provide information about the relative merits of the different types of sealant materials.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Chlorhexidine; Dental Fissures; Dentition, Permanent; Drug Combinations; Humans; Molar; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Thymol; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 27557916
DOI: No ID Found -
Community Dentistry and Oral... Oct 2022Healthcare (including dental care) service use is influenced by predisposing, enabling and need factors. One area with limited research is the association of...
OBJECTIVES
Healthcare (including dental care) service use is influenced by predisposing, enabling and need factors. One area with limited research is the association of acculturation (defined as behavioural changes in the adaptation to another culture) as a predisposing factor for dental care preventive service use. Preventive service use is a primary objective of Healthy People, 2030. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of acculturation with the preventive dental service use of dental pit-and-fissure sealant placement, among children in the United States, ages 6-18 years.
METHODS
A cross-sectional, secondary data analysis study was completed using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013-2016 data. NHANES is a nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized individuals across the United States. In the data set, children, ages 6-18 years, had been evaluated for pit-and-fissure dental sealant use. Information that served as proxies for acculturation was length of stay in the United States (a citizen at the time of the survey; not a citizen and in the country <5 years; or not a citizen and in the country ≥5 years) and whether English was spoken at home (yes; no). Data were analysed for descriptive statistics. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine strength of the associations. Odds ratios for pit-and-fissure sealants among groups were determined.
RESULTS
There were 2220 children participants whose data were used for this study. Less than half (45.5%) had received dental pit-and-fissure sealants. A majority (53.3%) were white and were ages 12-18 years (51.6%). The mean number of dental pit-and-fissure sealants among all children was 5.5. There was a lower percentage of children living in the United States <5 years who had received pit-and-fissure sealants than children who were citizens of the United States (22.2% vs 48.9%, respectively). The adjusted odds ratio was lower for dental pit-and-fissure sealants among children who were in the United States <5 years than children who were citizens of the United States (adjusted odds ratio, 0.38; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.24, 0.58).
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, children who had lived in the United States <5 years were less likely to have pit-and-fissure sealants than children who were citizens of the United States. There is a need to reach all children with preventive services to improve dental quality of life, reduce the need for dental restorations and decrease overall financial burden regardless of time in the United States.
Topics: Acculturation; Adolescent; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Caries; Humans; Nutrition Surveys; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Quality of Life; United States
PubMed: 34251694
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12678 -
Monographs in Oral Science 2018Despite their limitations, caries epidemiology continues to rely predominantly on visual/tactile indices for detecting and assessing carious lesion-related conditions....
Despite their limitations, caries epidemiology continues to rely predominantly on visual/tactile indices for detecting and assessing carious lesion-related conditions. Over the last 4 to 5 decades, the prevalence and severity of dental caries in primary and permanent dentitions have been reduced in a number of countries based on the published studies. Despite this achievement, the prevalence and severity of dental caries remains too high at a world level. Pits and fissures in occlusal surfaces of first molars and pits in buccal surfaces of lower first molars are most vulnerable for developing a carious lesion. Dental caries is a preventable, behavioural/life-style disease that is age related and life-long. Preventing dental caries should start at mother-and-child clinics in conjunction with the available educational and health care programmes. Oral health (caries) epidemiological surveys should be held periodically.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Epidemiologic Studies; Global Health; Humans; Infant; Prevalence; Research Design
PubMed: 29794449
DOI: 10.1159/000487827 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021Caries is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide and is driven by the dysbiosis of dental biofilms adhering to tooth surfaces. The pits and fissured...
Caries is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases worldwide and is driven by the dysbiosis of dental biofilms adhering to tooth surfaces. The pits and fissured surfaces are the most susceptible sites of caries. However, information on the taxonomic composition and functional characteristics of the plaque microbiota in the pit and fissure sites is very limited. This study aimed to use metagenomic sequencing analyses to investigate the relationship between the plaque microbiome in the pit and fissure site and caries in adolescents. A total of 20 adolescents with active pit and fissure surface caries were involved as well as 20 age-matched, caries-free teenagers for control tests. Plaque samples were collected from the pit and fissure site and were subjected to metagenomic analyses, in which the microbial communities were investigated. Our results showed that the microbiota diversity was similar between those two groups. At the species level, the relative abundances of , , , , , and were higher in the caries-active group. , , and were relatively more abundant in the caries-free groups. Functional analysis suggested that the metabolic pathway was the most abundant pathway, and the functional traits of the level 2 pathways included amino acid metabolism, metabolism of cofactors, and vitamins and carbohydrate metabolism. Our results also revealed that the caries group displayed several alterations in metabolic pathways, including enriched functions in carbohydrate digestion and absorption. This study suggested that in addition to the specific anatomical structures of the pit and fissured surfaces, the fundamental differences in the plaque microbiome may also be related to the susceptibility of pit and fissure caries.
Topics: Adolescent; Biofilms; Dental Caries; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Dental Plaque; Humans; Metagenomics; Microbiota
PubMed: 34778105
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.740981 -
Pediatric Dentistry 2015Glass ionomer cements have been used in pediatric restorative dentistry for more than two decades. Their usefulness in clinical dentistry is preferential to other... (Review)
Review
Glass ionomer cements have been used in pediatric restorative dentistry for more than two decades. Their usefulness in clinical dentistry is preferential to other materials because of fluoride release from the glass component, biocompatibility, chemical adhesion to dentin and enamel, coefficient of thermal expansion similar to that of tooth structure, and versatility. The purpose of this paper was to review the uses of glass ionomer materials in pediatric dentistry, specifically as pit and fissure sealants, dentin and enamel replacement repair materials, and luting cements, and for use in glass ionomer/resin-based composite stratification tooth restoration (the sandwich technique). This article can also be used as a guide to research and clinical references regarding specific aspects of the glass ionomer systems and how they are used for young patients.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Cementation; Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Fluorides; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants
PubMed: 25905652
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Dentistry 2014
Topics: Adolescent; Attitude of Health Personnel; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Dentists; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants
PubMed: 25303502
DOI: No ID Found -
Medicine and Pharmacy Reports Dec 2019Pit and fissure sealant placement corresponds to an effective approach of the prevention of caries on occlusal surfaces. Fissure morphology and dental material...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Pit and fissure sealant placement corresponds to an effective approach of the prevention of caries on occlusal surfaces. Fissure morphology and dental material characteristics are the key factors for sealant effectiveness. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the penetration ability of two commercially available pit and fissure sealants.
METHODS
Twenty sound human premolars extracted for orthodontic purpose have been sealed according to manufacturer's instructions as follows: Group I (n=10), light-cured unfilled resin-based sealant, Admira Seal® (Voco GmbH); Group II (n=10), resin modified glass ionomer sealant without varnish, GC Fuji Triage® (GC Corporation). The teeth have been sectioned buccal-lingually in the middle of the occlusal surface, and the sections were examined at 40× with an inverted microscope.
RESULTS
Penetration of the sealants was found to be greater in U-type fissure pattern (91.69%) followed by V-type (75.42%), IK-type (71.24%) and then in I-type (63.98%). The depth of penetration of GC Fuji Triage® (82.85%) demonstrated to be superior to Admira Seal® (76.28%).
CONCLUSION
U fissure design was more common than other fissure patterns and showed significantly higher penetration for the two type of sealants evaluated. Resin modified glass ionomer sealant used in the present study perform comparably with the filled resin sealant.
PubMed: 31989109
DOI: 10.15386/mpr-1517