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British Dental Journal Jan 2018Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate fissure sealant retention in clinical studies in which investigators used flowable... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Objectives The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate fissure sealant retention in clinical studies in which investigators used flowable composites as pit and fissure sealants compared with conventional resin-based pit and fissure sealants.Data sources and data selection The authors conducted a literature search (all articles published until April 13, 2017) to identify studies for inclusion in this systematic review. They assessed the quality of the evidence provided by using the modified Jadad scale and performed meta-analyses by using a random-effects model.Data extraction and data synthesis The authors found 11 studies that met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review and nine studies that could be used for the meta-analysis. Of the 11 studies identified in the systematic review, four scored as having a low risk of bias, and seven scored as having a medium risk of bias. Our meta-analysis showed a significant positive effect of using flowable composites as a fissure sealant material (odds ratio, 2.387 [95% CI, 1.047, 5.444; P = 0.039]).Conclusion It seems that the use of flowable composite as a fissure sealing material can slightly increase the retention rate of sealants compared with conventional resin-based sealants.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Caries; Pit and Fissure Sealants
PubMed: 29372708
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.40 -
Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry 2023The occlusal surface of a tooth is affected by the development of biofilm in pits and fissures as bacteria and food particles accumulate in its complex structure. In...
The occlusal surface of a tooth is affected by the development of biofilm in pits and fissures as bacteria and food particles accumulate in its complex structure. In this study, miswak fibers containing cellulose and antimicrobial extract were incorporated in commercial pit and fissure sealants. The miswak powder was characterized by different analytical techniques. The powder was mixed in different ratios (0-5%) into a pit and fissure sealant to result in five sealants (Groups 0-5), and their mechanical properties i.e. flexural strength, compressive strength, and Vickers hardness were evaluated. The sealants were also evaluated against oral pathogenic bacteria. SEM analysis confirmed irregular shape and micron-size particles of miswak powder. The infrared spectral analysis and X-ray differential peaks showed characteristic peaks related to miswak fibers. The particle appearance increased in prepared pits and fissure sealants with higher loading of miswak powder in SEM analysis. The flexural strength, compressive strength, and Vickers hardness values were obtained in the range of 148-221 (±16.6: -value < 0.001) MPa, 43.1-50.3 MPa (±1.7: value <0.001), and 15.2-21.26 VHN (±0.56: -value <0.001) for control and prepared sealant specimens respectively. In the antibacterial study, the zone of inhibitions increased with increased content of miswak from 15.6 ± 0.45 mm (Group 1) to 20.3 ± 0.32 mm (Group 5). The MIC was calculated to be 0.039%. The prepared experimental sealant had acceptable mechanical and good antibacterial properties therefore it could be recommended as an efficient pit and fissure sealant.
PubMed: 38204475
DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2271972 -
Compendium of Continuing Education in... Feb 2018Traditionally, testing for whether pit-and-fissure caries should be restored involved probing with a sharp explorer and evaluating resistance to withdrawal (ie,...
Traditionally, testing for whether pit-and-fissure caries should be restored involved probing with a sharp explorer and evaluating resistance to withdrawal (ie, "stick"). Alternative visual methods of evaluation and classification have been proposed, validated, and accepted formally in the core curriculum on caries management in both Europe and North America. This article examines the resistance to occlusal breakdown of fluoridehardened enamel despite progression of underlying dentin caries with accompanying difficulty in diagnosis. Traditional methods of pit-and-fissure caries diagnosis, including radiographs or fissure probing with an explorer, have been shown to be inaccurate and potentially destructive. The clinical process of using the visual/tactile International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and/or the Caries Classification System (CCS) is described and illustrated through case examples.
Topics: Dental Caries; Humans; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 29388781
DOI: No ID Found -
European Archives of Paediatric... Dec 2019To investigate routines and attitudes among dentists and dental hygienists concerning use of fissure sealants and fluoride varnish for non-operative management of...
PURPOSE
To investigate routines and attitudes among dentists and dental hygienists concerning use of fissure sealants and fluoride varnish for non-operative management of occlusal caries.
METHODS
All dentists and dental hygienists working in child dental care in three counties in Norway were invited to answer a questionnaire on routines for use of fissure sealants and fluoride varnish. Nine statements regarding attitudes towards use of sealants were scored using a five-point Likert scale. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess indicators associated with reported routines for use of sealants and varnish. The study was approved by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data.
RESULTS
In total 142 of 189 (75%) dentists and dental hygienists answered the questionnaire. The majority of the respondents, n = 83 (59%), reported to prefer fissure sealants while fluoride varnish was preferred by 57 (41%) of the respondents. Frequent use of fissure sealants was reported by 58 (41%) and frequent use of varnish by 104 (74%) of the respondents. Most (n = 104, 74%), used sealants on specific indications, and 89 (64%) opened fissures only when suspecting dentine caries. Preferred method and routines for occlusal caries management differed between counties (p < 0.05). Almost all clinicians agreed with the statement that sealants are protective against caries, while statements regarding costs, technique sensitivity and children's cooperation revealed some concerns regarding fissure sealing.
CONCLUSIONS
Fissure sealants were the preferred method for occlusal caries management despite reported concerns related to technical aspects and patient cooperation. County-level variation in frequency of sealant use was observed.
Topics: Attitude; Child; Dental Caries; Fluorides; Fluorides, Topical; Health Personnel; Humans; Norway; Pit and Fissure Sealants
PubMed: 30980252
DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00440-w -
Dental Clinics of North America Jan 2019The objective of this article was to provide a summary of evidence-based recommendations for the assessment of caries risk and management of dental caries. The goal is... (Review)
Review
The objective of this article was to provide a summary of evidence-based recommendations for the assessment of caries risk and management of dental caries. The goal is to help clinicians manage the caries disease process using personalized interventions supported by the best available evidence, taking into account the clinician's expertise and the patient's needs and preferences, to maintain health and preserve tooth structure.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Dental Caries; Disease Management; Dysbiosis; Evidence-Based Dentistry; Fluorides; Fluorides, Topical; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Risk Assessment; Tooth Demineralization
PubMed: 30447787
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2018.08.007 -
Journal of International Society of... 2018This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes for pit and fissure sealants among undergraduate Indian dental students.
AIM
This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitudes for pit and fissure sealants among undergraduate Indian dental students.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A modified questionnaire consisting of 24 items was distributed to 280 undergraduate dental students comprising males and females of different years at MNR Dental College, Sangareddy, India. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis. The data were computationally tested using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20, IBM SPSS Statistics software for Windows, Armonk, NY, USA.
RESULTS
With the response rate at 100%, most of the respondents, i.e., 70.4%, were females and the remaining 29.6% were male. Regarding the level of study, 20.8% were in 3 year, 43.8% in the 4 year, and 16.8% were in 5 year (internship). The respondents showed a reasonable level of knowledge about sealants, mostly being good with the theoretical concepts of the sealants. On the other hand, respondents showed insufficient knowledge about sealants in the clinical practice.
CONCLUSION
Although a high proportion of undergraduate dental students showed adequate knowledge about dental sealants, there is a lag in putting that knowledge into work during the clinical practice. These findings suggest an urgent need of dental schools to include and/or update their curriculum regarding fissure sealants to reflect modern dental education that concentrates on evidence-based practice in pediatric dentistry and improve the dental health among the future generations by reducing the incidence of caries.
PubMed: 30596041
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_238_18 -
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice May 2022The aim of this study was to investigate the pit and fissure morphology of the permanent first molars (PFMs) in the dentition of 7- to 12-year-old patients in Turkish...
AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate the pit and fissure morphology of the permanent first molars (PFMs) in the dentition of 7- to 12-year-old patients in Turkish children.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The study was conducted on 706 patients who attended the Dokuz Eylul University Child Clinic. Examinations of the patients were carried out with dental unit light, mouth mirror, and probe by two dentists. Age, gender, plaque scores, pit and fissure morphology, caries, restorations, and missing teeth were recorded.
RESULTS
Of the 706 patients included in this study, 441 (62.5%) of them have affected PFMs. Intermediate type fissure morphology (57.5%) was seen as the most common type. A positive correlation was observed between the age and the caries experience (p = 0.000). Patients with deep pits and fissure morphology have more caries affected teeth than patients with shallow pit and fissure morphology, and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.000). Patients with deep pits and fissure morphology have significantly more plaque accumulation on PFMs compared to the patients with shallow and intermediate fissure morphology (p = 0.000).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the limitations of the study, we can conclude that the patients with deep pit-fissure morphology are more susceptible to caries development and plaque accumulation than the patients with shallow and intermediate type pit and fissure morphology.
Topics: Child; Dental Caries; Humans; Molar; Turkey
PubMed: 35593595
DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1771_21 -
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical... Dec 2022Pit-and-fissure sealants of the occlusal surfaces for the posterior teeth are well susceptible to develop dental caries compared to the smooth surfaces due to its...
Pit-and-fissure sealants of the occlusal surfaces for the posterior teeth are well susceptible to develop dental caries compared to the smooth surfaces due to its complex morphology, which makes dental hygiene a challenging fact which give rise to increased plaque accumulation. The use of pit-and-fissure sealants is to provide inhibition toward microorganisms and aggregation of food particles, thereby inhibiting caries initiating and preventing caries progression. The study aimed to assess the effect of pit-and-fissure sealants postbrushing simulation through photography. For this photogenic original study, eight teeth were selected, with two groups each and four teeth present in each of the groups. Brushing simulator machines are well-established methods for analyzing the efficacy of toothbrushes. A total of 10,000 cycles were accounted for by the machine with linear X-axis and Y-axis = 2500 in each group. The clockwise and counterclockwise = 2500 in each group. From the research, it can be concluded that Group A is found to be more effective than Group B, where Group A is Clinpro sealant and Group B is YuSeal. This pit-and-fissure sealant application is very important in clinical practice to prevent the tooth from getting decayed. This research helps us to establish the amount of reduction in both the groups of sealants postbrushing as various brushing patterns influence the retention of pit-and-fissure sealants.
PubMed: 36798569
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_369_22 -
Community Dentistry and Oral... Dec 2023There is currently a lack of evidence supporting the use of valid surrogates in caries clinical trials. This study aimed at examining the validity of two surrogate... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There is currently a lack of evidence supporting the use of valid surrogates in caries clinical trials. This study aimed at examining the validity of two surrogate outcomes used in randomized clinical trials for caries prevention, pit and fissure sealants and fluoridated dentifrices, according to the Prentice criteria.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS and Scopus databases up to 05 October 2022. The grey literature and the list of eligible studies' references were also screened. The search was conducted, selecting randomized clinical trials focussed on dental caries prevention using pit and fissure sealants or fluoridated dentifrices and with at least one surrogate endpoint for cavitated caries lesions. The risk of each surrogate endpoint and for the occurrence of cavitated caries lesions was calculated and compared. The association between each surrogate and the presence of cavitation was quantified, and each outcome was assessed graphically for validity according to the Prentice criteria.
RESULTS
For pit and fissure sealants, from 1696 potentially eligible studies, 51 were included; while for fluoridated dentifrices, of 3887 potentially eligible studies, four were included. Possible surrogates assessed were retention of sealants, presence of white spot lesions, presence of plaque or marginal discoloration around the sealants, oral hygiene index, radiographic and fluorescence caries lesion assessments. However, only the retention of sealants and the presence of white spot lesions could be evaluated for their validity according to the Prentice criteria.
CONCLUSION
Loss of retention of sealants and the presence of white spot lesions do not fulfil all of the Prentice criteria. Therefore, they cannot be considered valid surrogates for caries prevention.
Topics: Humans; Dental Caries; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Dentifrices; Biomarkers; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 37246464
DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12861 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... 2015There has been significant advances in the understanding of preventive restorative procedures regarding the advantages and disadvantages for restorative procedures; the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
There has been significant advances in the understanding of preventive restorative procedures regarding the advantages and disadvantages for restorative procedures; the evidence for conservative techniques for deep carious lesions; the effectiveness of pit and fissure sealants; and the evidence for use of resin infiltration techniques.
AIM
The intent of this review is to help practitioners use evidence to make decisions regarding preventive restorative dentistry in children and young adolescents.
STUDY DESIGN
This evidence-based review appraises the literature, primarily between the years 1995-2013, on preventive restorative strategies. The evidence was graded as to strong evidence, evidence in favor, or expert opinion by consensus of authors Results: The preventive strategy for dental caries includes individualized assessment of disease progression and management with appropriate preventive and restorative therapy. There is strong evidence that restoration of teeth with incomplete caries excavation results in fewer signs and symptoms of pulpal disease than complete excavation. There is strong evidence that sealants should be placed on pit and fissure surfaces judged to be at risk for dental caries, and surfaces that already exhibit incipient, non-cavitated carious lesions. There is evidence in favor for resin infiltration to improve the clinical appearance of white spot lesions.
CONCLUSIONS
Substantial evidence exists in the literature regarding the value of preventive dental restorative procedures.
Topics: Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment; Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Disease Progression; Evidence-Based Dentistry; Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Resins, Synthetic; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 26208061
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4628-39.3.193