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Dental Materials Journal Jun 2019This review focusses on tribological aspects of teeth during function, the clinical significance of wear, wear of natural teeth and restorative materials and laboratory... (Review)
Review
This review focusses on tribological aspects of teeth during function, the clinical significance of wear, wear of natural teeth and restorative materials and laboratory methods to simulate wear of restorative materials. Ceramic, metal alloy and amalgam show low material wear, whereas resin-based materials demonstrate substantial wear in the long term. The clinical wear shows a high variability with the patient factor accounts for about 50% of the variability. Wear as such seldomly compromises the function of the stomatognath system or individual teeth and is in most cases an esthetic problem. Particles that are ingested due to attrition and abrasion wear may pose a health risk to the patient, especially those from composite resin materials. However, systematic clinical studies on that issue are not available. For laboratory research many wear simulation devices and methods have been developed but only few are validated and have a moderate correlation with clinical wear.
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Wear; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Materials Testing; Surface Properties
PubMed: 30918233
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-140 -
Journal of Endodontics Aug 2017Dentin replacement materials are necessary in large cavities to protect the pulp and reduce the bulk of filling material. These materials are layered with a composite...
INTRODUCTION
Dentin replacement materials are necessary in large cavities to protect the pulp and reduce the bulk of filling material. These materials are layered with a composite resin restorative material. Microleakage caused by poor bonding of composite resin to underlying dentin replacement material will result in pulp damage. The aim of this study was to characterize the interface between dentin replacement materials and composite resin and to measure the shear bond strength after dynamic aging.
METHODS
Biodentine (Septodont, Saint Maur-des-Fosses, France), Theracal LC (Bisco, Schaumburg, IL), and Fuji IX (GC, Tokyo, Japan) were used as dentin replacement materials. They were then overlaid with a total-etch and bonding agent or a self-etch primer and composite resin or a glass ionomer cement. All combinations were thermocycled for 3000 cycles. The interface was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping. Furthermore, the shear bond strength was assessed.
RESULTS
The Biodentine surface was modified by etching. The Theracal LC and Fuji IX microstructure was unchanged upon the application of acid etch. The Biodentine and glass ionomer interface showed an evident wide open space, and glass particles from the glass ionomer adhered to the Biodentine surface. Elemental migration was shown with aluminum, barium, fluorine, and ytterbium present in Biodentine from the overlying composite resin. Calcium was more stable. The bond strength between Theracal LC and composite using a total-etch technique followed by self-etch primer achieved the best bond strength values. Biodentine exhibited the weakest bond with complete failure of bonding shown after demolding and thermocycling.
CONCLUSIONS
Dynamic aging is necessary to have clinically valid data. Bonding composite resin to water-based dentin replacement materials is still challenging, and further alternatives for restoration of teeth using such materials need to be developed.
Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Leakage; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Drug Combinations; Glass Ionomer Cements; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Oxides; Silicates
PubMed: 28662878
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.025 -
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of... Jun 2021The study aims to quantify the viscoelastic properties of representative dental CAD/CAM resin-based composites (RBC) and to determine the effects of loading frequencies...
OBJECTIVE
The study aims to quantify the viscoelastic properties of representative dental CAD/CAM resin-based composites (RBC) and to determine the effects of loading frequencies on the viscoelastic material response in comparison to clinically established CAD/CAM glass ceramics.
METHODS
Eight RBCs, one leucite-reinforced, and one lithium disilicate glass-ceramics were selected. The quasi-static (indentation hardness H, indentation modulus, E) and viscoelastic (storage modulus E', loss modulus E″, loss factor tan δ) material behavior was monitored by a depth-sensing indentation test equipped with a DMA module. A low-magnitude oscillating force was therefore superimposed onto a quasi-static force (F = 1000 mN) at 20 different frequencies in the range 1-50 Hz. One and multiple-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) post-hoc tests (α = 0.05), and a Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis.
RESULTS
The quasi-static parameters increased with the crystalline phase in glass ceramics and with the amount of inorganic filler in RBCs. The tan δ, which is related to the damping capacity of a material, increased with the increasing amount of glass phase in glass ceramics or with the amount of organic phase in RBCs. A pronounced influence of the frequency on the measured parameters and their patterns of variation was observed. H was up to ten time higher in glass ceramics compared to RBCs and highest at the lowest frequency (1 Hz). Parameters E and E' differ less and were lowest at the lowest frequency. E″ distinguished three different patterns of variation with frequency. The tan δ decreased rapidly with frequency in glass ceramics, while the decrease in RBCs was gradually. Frequency influenced stronger tan δ (p < 0.001, η = 0.85), followed by E' (p < 0.001, η = 0.773), E (p < 0.001, η = 0.772), and E″ (p < 0.001, η = 0.714), and less H (p < 0.001, η = 0.384).
CONCLUSIONS
All materials sowed viscoelastic behavior related to their microstructure and the internal friction created by grain or interphase boundary relaxation. RBCs have better damping capabilities over a wider frequency range. The deviations from the ideal elasticity were significantly lower in the glass ceramics than in the RBCs.
Topics: Ceramics; Composite Resins; Computer-Aided Design; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Hardness; Materials Testing; Surface Properties
PubMed: 33657506
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104427 -
Operative Dentistry 2018Biofilm (bacterial plaque) accumulation on the surface of restorative materials favors the occurrence of secondary caries and periodontal inflammation. Surface... (Review)
Review
Biofilm (bacterial plaque) accumulation on the surface of restorative materials favors the occurrence of secondary caries and periodontal inflammation. Surface characteristics of restorations can be modified by finishing and/or polishing procedures and may affect bacterial adhesion. The aim of this systematic review was to characterize how finishing and polishing methods affect the surface properties of different restorative materials with regard to bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Searches were carried out in MEDLINE-PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane-CENTRAL, and LILACS databases. From 2882 potential articles found in the initial searches, only 18 met the eligible criteria and were included in this review (12 with in vitro design, four with in situ design, and two clinical trials). However, they presented high heterogeneity regarding materials considered and methodology for evaluating the desired outcome. Risk bias analysis showed that only two studies presented low risk (whereas 11 showed high and five showed medium risk). Thus, only descriptive analyses considering study design, materials, intervention (finishing/polishing), surface characteristics (roughness and surface free energy), and protocol for biofilm formation (bacterial adhesion) could be performed. Some conclusions could be drawn: the impact of roughness on bacterial adhesion seems to be related not to a roughness threshold (as previously believed) but rather to a range, the range of surface roughness among different polishing methods is wide and material dependent, finishing invariably creates a rougher surface and should always be followed by a polishing method, each dental material requires its own treatment modality to obtain and maintain as smooth a surface as possible, and in vitro designs do not seem to be powerful tools to draw relevant conclusions, so in vivo and in situ designs become strongly recommended.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Dental Materials; Dental Polishing; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Humans
PubMed: 29284102
DOI: 10.2341/17-073-L -
European Journal of Oral Implantology 2018A large variety of dental materials are available for the production of implant-supported fixed restorations. Materials with different properties are likely to behave...
AIM
A large variety of dental materials are available for the production of implant-supported fixed restorations. Materials with different properties are likely to behave differently during clinical function, which may result in different prevalence and types of complications. The aim of the present review was to summarise, analyse and discuss the prevalence and types of complications or failures related to dental materials in implant-supported restorations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A strategy was set up using the PICO format and the search was performed using the PubMed database, including a hand search of reference lists. Two independent reviewers selected papers based on a set of criteria. The number of events of complications was summarised.
RESULTS
The initial search produced 2764 titles. After application of criteria, 47 publications were selected for analysis. Seventeen studies reported on 1447 single crowns and 30 studies reported on 2190 fixed dental prostheses. The most common complications were fracture or chipping of the veneer material, loss of retention and lost access hole fillings. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, and large variation in number of restorations per material group, no conclusive correlation between type of material and type of technical complication and/or failure could be established.
CONCLUSIONS
The review did not succeed in providing convincing evidence to answer the question concerning a possible relationship between restoration materials and prevalence of technical complications in implant-supported restorations.
Topics: Crowns; Dental Implants; Dental Materials; Dental Prosthesis Design; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Dental Restoration Failure; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Humans
PubMed: 30109306
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Dec 2022Studies that compared the fracture strength of monolithic lithium disilicate and 5-mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia multiunit fixed dental prostheses are sparse.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Studies that compared the fracture strength of monolithic lithium disilicate and 5-mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia multiunit fixed dental prostheses are sparse.
PURPOSE
As the connector is the weakest part of a fixed dental prosthesis, the purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of connector designs and material on the fracture strength of 3-unit monolithic fixed dental prostheses.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Resin-ceramic canine and premolar teeth (N=144) were prepared for fixed dental prosthesis abutments. Prostheses with 3 connector designs (width=height, width
height) were made from 2 types of lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD and Amber Mill) and 5-mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (3M Lava Esthetic and Katana Zirconia UTML). Fracture strengths were measured after 200 000 cycles of dynamic loading of 50 N and thermocycling at 5 °C and 55 °C, and the fracture patterns were analyzed. Two-way analysis of variance and the Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis (α=.05). RESULTS
The material and connector design affected the fracture strength of fixed dental prostheses (P<.05), and a significant interaction was found between the material and connector design (P<.05). The IPS e.max CAD material had significantly lower fracture strength than Amber Mill, 3M Lava Esthetic, or Katana Zirconia UTML (P<.05). Connector designs with a greater width versus height showed significantly lower fracture strengths than other designs (P<.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The connector design of 3-unit fixed dental prostheses, particularly the connector height, may affect fracture strength depending on the prosthesis material.
Topics: Dental Stress Analysis; Dental Restoration Failure; Amber; Materials Testing; Esthetics, Dental; Dental Implants; Dental Porcelain; Zirconium; Computer-Aided Design; Ceramics; Dental Materials
PubMed: 36334990
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.09.018 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Apr 2022Composite resins and glass-ceramics are both used to restore worn teeth. Which restoration material is more durable is unclear.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Composite resins and glass-ceramics are both used to restore worn teeth. Which restoration material is more durable is unclear.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the load to failure of thin composite resins and glass-ceramic restorations on enamel and dentin under increasing repetitive loads.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Glass-ceramic blocks (IPS e.max CAD; Ivoclar AG) were shaped into cylinders (Ø4.0×1.0 mm), crystallized, and adhesively luted to bovine dentin and enamel substrates that were embedded in polymethyl methacrylate (n=20). Identical direct composite resin restorations (Clearfil AP-X; Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc) were made and directly applied on the same substrates (n=20). All specimens were tested in a pneumatic device with a stainless steel ball that provided a stepwise increase of the load (N) starting at 250 N and increasing by 50 N after every 10 000 cycles to a maximum of 1150 N. Failures were detected by a displacement sensor and defined by chipping of restorative material or catastrophic failure.
RESULTS
On dentin, composite resin showed a significantly higher fatigue resistance than glass-ceramic. On enamel, no significant difference was found between the 2 materials.
CONCLUSIONS
When bonded to dentin, thin direct composite resin restorations were more durable than glass-ceramics. When bonded to enamel, no difference was found.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Ceramics; Composite Resins; Dental Enamel; Dental Materials; Dental Porcelain; Dental Restoration Failure; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin; Materials Testing
PubMed: 33349464
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.11.002 -
Journal of Dentistry Nov 2023This umbrella review comprehensively appraised the evidence on the use of compomers in comparison to other dental filling materials for restorative treatment of decayed... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This umbrella review comprehensively appraised the evidence on the use of compomers in comparison to other dental filling materials for restorative treatment of decayed primary teeth.
DATA
The literature search was conducted based on the question: "Is the use of compomers as a dental filling material more successful in the restorative treatment of decayed primary teeth than other dental filling materials?" No language restriction was applied and systematic reviews published up to May 2023 were included. The ROBIS tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews. Data were extracted for narrative synthesis, considering the restoration failure/success outcomes.
SEARCH
Online search was conducted in three databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase and Cochrane library).
STUDY SELECTION
The electronic search yielded a total of 779 publications. Finally, 18 systematic reviews were included in this umbrella review. Four systematic reviews presented a low risk of bias, 11 presented an unclear risk of bias and three presented a high risk of bias. Most systematic reviews presenting low risk of bias reported no difference in the success rates of compomers compared to other dental filling materials used for restoration of decayed primary teeth. Studies that found a significant difference or that made clear recommendations towards the use of compomers were commonly rated with a high risk of bias.
CONCLUSION
Compomers are similar to other dental filling materials for the placement of direct restorations in primary teeth.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The results of this umbrella review indicate a similar clinical performance of compomers compared to other materials containing a resin component for direct restoration in primary teeth. Therefore, the choice of restorative material will depend on multiple factors, such as clinician's skills/preferences, patients' wishes, costs, and cavity type/location.
Topics: Humans; Compomers; Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Glass Ionomer Cements; Tooth, Deciduous; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 37714452
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104696 -
Cellular and Molecular Biology... Dec 2020Zebrafish (danio rerio) is a small, tropical freshwater teleost fish that belongs to the Cyprinidae family and lives in natural waters and rice fields in South Asia,... (Review)
Review
Zebrafish (danio rerio) is a small, tropical freshwater teleost fish that belongs to the Cyprinidae family and lives in natural waters and rice fields in South Asia, North India, and Pakistan. Zebrafish has become a popular vertebrate model organism for biomedical research due to its numerous advantages such as their small size, short life cycle, accessibility in large numbers and inexpensive maintenance. In addition, fertilization happens externally in zebrafish and allows zebrafish to be manipulated directly. As another important advantage, the embryos are transparent thus the stages of development can be easily identified. Zebrafish can have multiple co-orthologs for human genes. In the 1930s, the zebrafish was first used as a model for developmental and embryological studies and in 1981, was introduced as a genetic model by Streisinger by force of developed genetic techniques in zebrafish such as cloning, mutagenesis and transgenesis. In the 1990s, various genetic manipulations were introduced. These improvements have contributed to the popularity of zebrafish. After that zebrafish was used in various research areas including genetics, biomedicine, neurobiology, toxicology, pharmacology as well as in human disease models. Zebrafish is also becoming a popular model organism in dental research. It is preferred in dental material toxicity studies and in research related to the genetic and molecular factors in tooth formation and craniofacial development. This review provides information on the use of zebrafish in dental research, focusing on tooth formation and dentition (pharyngeal dentition) of zebrafish and the dental research performed using zebrafish.
Topics: Animals; Biomedical Research; Dental Materials; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Humans; Materials Testing; Stomatognathic Diseases; Toxicity Tests; Zebrafish
PubMed: 34174976
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry 2020The aim of this review article was to provide an overview of the scientific and patent literature on the different synthesis pathways of modified polyacids suitable for... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The aim of this review article was to provide an overview of the scientific and patent literature on the different synthesis pathways of modified polyacids suitable for application in a new class of restorative dental materials.
METHODS
The literature based on patents and publications from 2009 to 2018 of Dentsply Sirona in cooperation with Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, was reviewed and summarized.
RESULTS
Multiple approaches towards the development of polymerizable acid polymers have been introduced and their strength and weaknesses were discussed. A target structure and the respective synthesis were developed allowing the formulation of a restorative dental material with unique properties, such as high mechanical strength paired with good adhesion properties.
CONCLUSION
From a variety of hydrolytically stable acidic polymers, the most promising versions were selected and used for the product development of Surefil one (Dentsply Sirona).
Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Materials Testing; Polymers; Surface Properties
PubMed: 32030374
DOI: 10.3290/j.jad.a43995