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British Dental Journal Jun 2019Background Since its discovery in 1862, the Gaillardot Phoenician gold wire dental bridge (Louvre artefact no. 5,777) has been the subject of conflicting interpretations...
Background Since its discovery in 1862, the Gaillardot Phoenician gold wire dental bridge (Louvre artefact no. 5,777) has been the subject of conflicting interpretations as to its correct situation in the jaws, the origin of replaced teeth, and the possibility of teeth having been rearranged within the appliance.Methods This paper offers an analysis based on examination and digital macrophotography of the appliance at the Louvre. Resultant images aided never-before considered points of evidence such as aspects of individual tooth anatomy, occlusion, and the need of the fabricating artisan to allow for crowding of the original dentition.Results Pontic and abutment teeth bear a labial horizontal developmental groove and are the same colour. Canines and incisors conform to mandibular teeth anatomy and canines are in their correct positions. Canine incisal cusp wear and a flat labial arch indicates the dentition had been an Angle Class III anterior relationship. The incisor pontic teeth had originally been crowded out of the arch and were trimmed to reduce their width to fit the bridge within the arch.Conclusions This extra evidence confirms the interpretation of a mandibular setting and correct positioning of teeth within the appliance. To create a favourable dental arrangement to address bridge stability and longevity, the fabricating artisan had to modify the dentition.
Topics: Cuspid; Dental Arch; Dentition; Humans; Incisor; Malocclusion; Mandible
PubMed: 31253921
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0413-5 -
Evidence-based Dentistry Sep 2022Introduction A systematic review of existing evidence to determine if trauma in the primary dentition causes alteration in the development of the underlying permanent... (Review)
Review
Introduction A systematic review of existing evidence to determine if trauma in the primary dentition causes alteration in the development of the underlying permanent dentition.Data sources Six electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, MEDES, Scopus, Lilacs and Embase) were used to search a range of dental terms relating to dental trauma to locate studies between 1972-2020.Study selection Study selection was carried out by two authors by reviewing title, abstract and then full articles. A third author was consulted if consensus for inclusion was needed. Eligibility criteria included all scientific articles concerning sequalae to the human permanent dentition following trauma to the primary dentition. Only English, German and Spanish languages were included. For evaluation, the studies must have satisfied the following: a) minimum sample of 50 children to be representative; b) radiographic examination; and c) appropriate follow-up period up to permanent successor eruption.From 537 studies, 18 studies were identified for consideration in the review, comprising of 13 cross-sectional studies, two cohort studies and three case control studies.Data extraction and synthesis The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to extract data and determine study quality. Only studies determined as high quality were included in the review. Four cross-sectional studies and three case control studies, totalling seven studies, were used. Data from these high-quality studies was summarised into table format.Results Large variation in study sample size existed from 138-753 traumatised teeth and 78-879 children. Both sexes were included in all studies and the children were aged between 0-17 years.Some studies found there was no difference in rate of trauma between girls and boys, while others found there was a higher incidence of trauma in boys than girls. The most frequently traumatised teeth were the upper primary central incisors. Whilst most studies covered all types of primary trauma, two only studied intrusion and one specified the type of primary trauma as luxation or fracture injuries.Whilst some of the studies concluded a higher frequency of defects to permanent teeth following primary intrusion trauma aged four and under, others showed no significant differences between the age of intrusion and the effect to the successor incisor.Enamel defects of the permanent teeth were the most common sequalae with a wide prevalence reported between 4.5-68.8%. Enamel defects were classified as hypoplasia and hypocalcification. Ectopic or altered eruption, crown or root dilacerations and odontoma development were observed less often, with the latter very rarely.Conclusions Primary tooth intrusion trauma causes the highest proportion of sequalae presenting as enamel defects. Younger patients experiencing primary trauma are more likely to obtain damage to the succeeding dentition. The existing quality of evidence is limited due to the observational nature of the studies available.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Dentition, Permanent; Female; Humans; Incisor; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Tooth Injuries; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 36151286
DOI: 10.1038/s41432-022-0808-z -
Dental Clinics of North America Jul 2021This article emphasizes the selection criteria for radiographic acquisition in children due to the greater sensitivity of children for radiation compared with adults.... (Review)
Review
This article emphasizes the selection criteria for radiographic acquisition in children due to the greater sensitivity of children for radiation compared with adults. Diagnosis of common pediatric dental conditions, including dental caries, periodontitis, dental anomalies, cysts, tumors, and traumatic dental conditions, are discussed with relevant clinical scenarios.
Topics: Adult; Child; Dental Caries; Dentition, Permanent; Humans; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 34051934
DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2021.02.009 -
Progress in Orthodontics Nov 2023To investigate the displacement of dentition and stress distribution on periodontal ligament (PDL) during retraction and intrusion of anterior teeth under different...
The displacement of teeth and stress distribution on periodontal ligament under different upper incisors proclination with clear aligner in cases of extraction: a finite element study.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the displacement of dentition and stress distribution on periodontal ligament (PDL) during retraction and intrusion of anterior teeth under different proclination of incisors using clear aligner (CA) in cases involving extraction of the first premolars.
METHODS
Models were constructed, consisting of the maxilla, PDLs, CA and maxillary dentition without first premolars. These models were then imported to finite element analysis (FEA) software. The incisor proclination determined the division of the models into three groups: Small torque (ST) with U1-SN = 100°, Middle torque (MT) with U1-SN = 110°, and High torque (HT) with U1-SN = 120°. Following space closure, a 200 g intrusion force was applied at angles of 60°, 70°, 80°, and 90° to the occlusal plane, respectively.
RESULTS
CA therapy caused lingual tipping and extrusion of incisors, mesial tipping and intrusion of canines, and mesial tipping of posterior teeth in each group. As the proclination of incisors increased, the incisors presented more extrusion and minor retraction, and the teeth from the canine to the second molar displayed an increased tendency of intrusion. The peak Von Mises equivalent stress (VMES) value successively decreased from the central incisor to the canine and from the second premolar to the second molar, and the VMES of the second molar was the lowest among the three groups. When the angle between the intrusion force and occlusal plane got larger, the incisors exhibited greater intrusion but minor retraction.
CONCLUSIONS
The "roller coaster effect" usually occurred in cases involving premolar extraction with CA, especially in patients with protruded incisors. The force closer to the vertical direction were more effective in achieving incisor intrusion. The stress on PDLs mainly concentrated on the cervix and apex of incisors during the retraction process, indicating a possibility of root resorption.
Topics: Female; Humans; Periodontal Ligament; Incisor; Finite Element Analysis; Molar; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable
PubMed: 37981597
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-023-00491-2 -
Journal of Prosthodontics : Official... Jul 2019The oral rehabilitation of adolescent patients with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is complex due to the presence of mixed dentition with altered eruption sequence. In... (Review)
Review
The oral rehabilitation of adolescent patients with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is complex due to the presence of mixed dentition with altered eruption sequence. In this article, the interdisciplinary treatment approach for adolescent patients with AI is discussed. The types and timing of treatments at various stages of growth are described through a literature review on this topic. AI is an inherited condition that disturbs the development of the enamel structure. Because of the presence of mixed dentition, definitive treatment options often have to be delayed until eruption of permanent dentition is complete, requiring careful treatment coordination and proper sequencing between different dental disciplines starting at a young age. Adolescent patients require prosthodontic treatment design that can be adapted to the changes in arch shapes, sizes, interarch relationship, and esthetic needs. AI patients are often challenged with both excessive and limited restorative spaces within the same arch due to the abnormal growth patterns, enamel structure, tooth size, and tooth shape. Therefore, careful determination of the required restorative space is critical to ensure optimal prognosis. This clinical report discusses treatment recommendations, timing of various treatment modalities, and involvement of appropriate interdisciplinary teams for managing adolescent patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Amelogenesis Imperfecta; Dental Enamel; Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Tooth; Tooth Eruption
PubMed: 31054208
DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13069 -
Journal of Endodontics Dec 2019Traumatic dental injuries comprise a number of the dental emergency patients who are often seen after hours or on an unscheduled basis in a dental practice environment....
Traumatic dental injuries comprise a number of the dental emergency patients who are often seen after hours or on an unscheduled basis in a dental practice environment. Although there are a variety of traumatic dental injuries that can occur, each with their own recommended treatment protocols, the initial evaluation and diagnosis of the traumatized dentition make up a critical aspect of the management of these cases. This article will highlight the key components of a thorough and efficient examination process of the traumatized dentition to include (1) documenting an accurate history of the events causing the injury, (2) performing a systematic clinical examination to include the use of clinical photographs and pulp sensibility tests, (3) obtaining appropriate radiographic images and scans, (4) understanding some considerations unique to evaluating young patients with traumatic injuries, and (5) recognizing the importance of having accurate and thorough documentation of these types of cases. Once the evaluation and diagnosis phase has been completed, the necessary treatment protocols can be initiated in an appropriate manner.
Topics: Clinical Protocols; Dental Pulp; Dentition; Humans; Physical Examination; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 31623911
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.05.015 -
Journal of Dentistry For Children... Jan 2023Regional odontodysplasia (ROD) is a rare developmental anomaly with distinctive clinical, radiographical and histological findings, affecting both primary and permanent...
Regional odontodysplasia (ROD) is a rare developmental anomaly with distinctive clinical, radiographical and histological findings, affecting both primary and permanent dentitions. The teeth with ROD have an atypical morphology and are usually discolored, with either delayed eruption or complete failure to erupt. Radiographically, the affected teeth have a "ghostly" appearance, with marked radiolucency and decreased radiodensity, showing a thin outline of enamel and dentin, which appear hypomineralized histologically, with poorly structured dentinal tubules and enamel prisms. Calcifications are frequently found in the pulp chambers of the affected teeth. This case report discusses a three-year-old girl who presented with ROD in her mandible as well as the clinical and radiographical features, and treatment of the condition.
Topics: Humans; Female; Child, Preschool; Odontodysplasia; Dentition, Permanent; Tooth, Deciduous; Dental Enamel; Mandible
PubMed: 37106528
DOI: No ID Found -
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi =... May 2020Traumatic dental injury (TDI), one of the common dental diseases, is defined as acute injuries to tooth hard tissues, dental pulp and/or periodontal tissues caused by... (Review)
Review
Traumatic dental injury (TDI), one of the common dental diseases, is defined as acute injuries to tooth hard tissues, dental pulp and/or periodontal tissues caused by sudden forces. Based on the Guidelines for the Management of TDI by International Association of Dental Traumatology (2012) and the Recommended Guidelines of the American Association of Endodontists for the Treatment of TDI (2013) for the permanent teeth, and combined with the authors' clinical experiences, the contemporary classification and clinical perspective of TDI were introduced in detail. Dental clinicians should understand and master the international guidelines for the management of TDI, including proper diagnosis, standardized treatments and regular follow-up, so as to obtain the favorable outcomes.
Topics: Dental Pulp; Dentition, Permanent; Humans; Periodontium; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 32392972
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20200210-00041 -
Journal of Dentistry Sep 2023This study developed and validated a deep learning-based method to automatically segment and number teeth in panoramic radiographs across primary, mixed, and permanent...
OBJECTIVES
This study developed and validated a deep learning-based method to automatically segment and number teeth in panoramic radiographs across primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions.
METHODS
A total of 6,046 panoramic radiographs were collected and annotated. The dataset encompassed primary, mixed and permanent dentitions and dental abnormalities such as tooth number anomalies, dental diseases, dental prostheses, and orthodontic appliances. A deep learning-based algorithm consisting of a U-Net-based region of interest extraction model, a Hybrid Task Cascade-based teeth segmentation and numbering model, and a post-processing procedure was trained on 4,232 images, validated on 605 images, and tested on 1,209 images. Precision, recall and Intersection-over-Union (IoU) were used to evaluate its performance.
RESULTS
The deep learning-based teeth identification algorithm achieved good performance on panoramic radiographs, with precision and recall for teeth segmentation and numbering exceeding 97%, and the IoU between predictions and ground truths reaching 92%. It generalized well across all three dentition stages and complex real-world cases.
CONCLUSIONS
By utilizing a two-stage training framework with a large-scale heterogeneous dataset, the automatic teeth identification algorithm achieved a performance level comparable to that of dental experts.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Deep learning can be leveraged to aid clinical interpretation of panoramic radiographs across primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions, even in the presence of real-world complexities. This robust teeth identification algorithm could contribute to the future development of more advanced, diagnosis- or treatment-oriented dental automation systems.
Topics: Deep Learning; Radiography, Panoramic; Dentition, Permanent; Algorithms
PubMed: 37422206
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104607 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2022This study examined the migratory status/ethnic inequities in dental caries in school children aged 4-9 years ( = 1388) and the impact of the Children's Oral Health...
This study examined the migratory status/ethnic inequities in dental caries in school children aged 4-9 years ( = 1388) and the impact of the Children's Oral Health Program in the Municipality of Bilbao in the Basque Country Region, Spain. Using the 2017 Children's Oral Health Survey, log binomial regression was used to quantify the association of parental immigration status/ethnicity with tooth decay for (1) the primary and the permanent dentitions, separately, in children 4-9 years old; and (2) for the permanent dentition in children aged 7-9 years. Compared with Spanish children, Spanish Roma and immigrant children had a higher probability of tooth decay in primary and permanent teeth after adjustment. Similarly, Spanish Roma and immigrant children had a higher probability of caries experience in primary and permanent teeth. In children aged 7-9 years, Spanish Roma children had a greater probability of tooth decay and caries experience ( index ≥ 1; PR: 6.20; 95% CI: 3.18, 12.12; and PR: 4.52; 95% CI: 2.46, 8.32; respectively) compared with Spanish Children. These associations were not observed in immigrant children. This study shows that parental immigration status and/or ethnicity affect caries outcomes in immigrant and Roma children in both primary and permanent dentition.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; DMF Index; Dental Caries; Dentition, Permanent; Emigrants and Immigrants; Ethnicity; Humans; Prevalence; Spain; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 35457355
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084487