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Journal of Biomolecular Structure &... 2022Here, we report the physicochemical interaction among iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) and essential biomolecules, namely, serum albumin (BSA, HSA), collagen and...
Here, we report the physicochemical interaction among iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) and essential biomolecules, namely, serum albumin (BSA, HSA), collagen and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the presence of various cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants. Iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized by the wet chemical process and are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic, UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping studies . The conjugation of MNPs protein was analyzed using UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism technique and gel electrophoresis. The spectroscopic investigation illustrates the surfactant-dependent binding between MNPs and protein. Gel electrophoresis in the absence and presence of MNPs-surfactant systems has been used to study the impact on DNA structure. It was found that Tween 80 imparts better stability as well as biocompatibility to the synthesized MNPs. The findings offer extensive information on the influence of various surfactant coatings on MNP surfaces and their influence on vital biomolecules, making it useful for designing MNPs for biological applications.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Topics: Surface-Active Agents; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Serum Albumin; Chemical Phenomena; DNA; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
PubMed: 34542389
DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1977701 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021The predictable nature of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) interactions enables assembly of DNA into almost any arbitrary shape with programmable features of nanometer... (Review)
Review
The predictable nature of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) interactions enables assembly of DNA into almost any arbitrary shape with programmable features of nanometer precision. The recent progress of DNA nanotechnology has allowed production of an even wider gamut of possible shapes with high-yield and error-free assembly processes. Most of these structures are, however, limited in size to a nanometer scale. To overcome this limitation, a plethora of studies has been carried out to form larger structures using DNA assemblies as building blocks or tiles. Therefore, DNA tiles have become one of the most widely used building blocks for engineering large, intricate structures with nanometer precision. To create even larger assemblies with highly organized patterns, scientists have developed a variety of structural design principles and assembly methods. This review first summarizes currently available DNA tile toolboxes and the basic principles of lattice formation and hierarchical self-assembly using DNA tiles. Special emphasis is given to the forces involved in the assembly process in liquid-liquid and at solid-liquid interfaces, and how to master them to reach the optimum balance between the involved interactions for successful self-assembly. In addition, we focus on the recent approaches that have shown great potential for the controlled immobilization and positioning of DNA nanostructures on different surfaces. The ability to position DNA objects in a controllable manner on technologically relevant surfaces is one step forward towards the integration of DNA-based materials into nanoelectronic and sensor devices.
Topics: DNA; Nanostructures; Nanotechnology
PubMed: 33801952
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061502 -
Biomaterials Jan 2021Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecular carrier of genetic information that can be fabricated into functional nanomaterials in biochemistry and engineering fields.... (Review)
Review
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecular carrier of genetic information that can be fabricated into functional nanomaterials in biochemistry and engineering fields. Those DNA nanostructures, synthesized via Watson-Crick base pairing, show a wide range of attributes along with excellent applicability, precise programmability, and extremely low cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In this review, the applications of functionalized DNA nanostructures in bioimaging and tumor therapy are summarized. We focused on approaches involving DNA origami nanostructures due to their widespread use in previous and current reports. Non-DNA origami nanostructures such as DNA tetrahedrons are also covered. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives regarding DNA nanostructures in the biomedical arena are discussed.
Topics: DNA; Humans; Nanostructures; Nanotechnology; Neoplasms
PubMed: 33285441
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120560 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2021The pH drop in the hindgut of the horse is caused by lactic acid-producing bacteria which are abundant when a horse's feeding regime is excessively carbohydrate rich....
The pH drop in the hindgut of the horse is caused by lactic acid-producing bacteria which are abundant when a horse's feeding regime is excessively carbohydrate rich. This drop in pH below six causes hindgut acidosis and may lead to laminitis. Lactic acid-producing bacteria and have been found to produce high amounts of L-lactate and D-lactate, respectively. Early detection of increased levels of these bacteria could allow the horse owner to tailor the horse's diet to avoid hindgut acidosis and subsequent laminitis. Therefore, 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequences were identified and modified to obtain target single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from these bacteria. Complementary single stranded DNAs were designed from the modified target sequences to form capture probes. Binding between capture probe and target single stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) in solution has been studied by gel electrophoresis. Among pairs of different capture probes and target single stranded DNA, hybridization of capture probe 1 (SECP1) and target 1 (SET1) was portrayed as gel electrophoresis. Adsorptive stripping voltammetry was utilized to study the binding of thiol modified SECP1 over gold on glass substrates and these studies showed a consistent binding signal of thiol modified SECP1 and their hybridization with SET1 over the gold working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were employed to examine the binding of thiol modified SECP1 on the gold working electrode and hybridization of thiol modified SECP1 with the target single stranded DNA. Both demonstrated the gold working electrode surface was modified with a capture probe layer and hybridization of the thiol bound ssDNA probe with target DNA was indicated. Therefore, the proposed electrochemical biosensor has the potential to be used for the detection of the non-synthetic bacterial DNA target responsible for equine hindgut acidosis.
Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Biosensing Techniques; DNA; DNA Probes; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Firmicutes; Gold; Horses; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Streptococcus bovis
PubMed: 33810389
DOI: 10.3390/s21072319 -
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese... Sep 2021Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) not only serves as the material basis of biological inheritance, but also shows great potential in the development of novel biological... (Review)
Review
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) not only serves as the material basis of biological inheritance, but also shows great potential in the development of novel biological materials due to its programmability, functional diversity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. DNA hydrogel is a three-dimensional mesh polymer material mainly formed by DNA. It has become one of the most interesting emerging functional polymer materials in recent years because of the perfect combination of the DNA biological properties that it retained and the mechanical properties of its own skeleton. At present, single- or multi-component DNA hydrogels developed based on various functional nucleic acid sequences or by combining different functional materials have been widely used in the field of biomedicine, molecular detection, and environmental protection. In this paper, the development of preparation methods and classification strategies of DNA hydrogels are summarized, and the applications of DNA hydrogels in drug delivery, biosensing and cell culture are also reviewed. Finally, the future development direction and potential challenges of DNA hydrogels are prospected.
Topics: DNA; Drug Delivery Systems; Hydrogels; Polymers
PubMed: 34622625
DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.200758 -
BMC Bioinformatics Apr 2023Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is emerging as an alternative archival memory technology. Recent advancements in DNA synthesis and sequencing have both increased the... (Review)
Review
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is emerging as an alternative archival memory technology. Recent advancements in DNA synthesis and sequencing have both increased the capacity and decreased the cost of storing information in de novo synthesized DNA pools. In this survey, we review methods for translating digital data to and/or from DNA molecules. An emphasis is placed on methods which have been validated by storing and retrieving real-world data via in-vitro experiments.
Topics: DNA; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 37085766
DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05264-6 -
Bioengineered Dec 2020The study of metagenomics is an emerging field that identifies the total genetic materials in an organism along with the set of all genetic materials like...
The study of metagenomics is an emerging field that identifies the total genetic materials in an organism along with the set of all genetic materials like deoxyribonucleic acid and ribose nucleic acid, which play a key role with the maintenance of cellular functions. The best part of this technology is that it gives more flexibility to environmental microbiologists to instantly pioneer the immense genetic variability of microbial communities. However, it is intensively complex to identify the suitable sequencing measures of any specific gene that can exclusively indicate the involvement of microbial metagenomes and be able to advance valuable results about these communities. This review provides an overview of the metagenomic advancement that has been advantageous for aggregation of more knowledge about specific genes, microbial communities and its metabolic pathways. More specific drawbacks of metagenomes technology mainly depend on sequence-based analysis. Therefore, this 'targeted based metagenomics' approach will give comprehensive knowledge about the ecological, evolutionary and functional sequence of significantly important genes that naturally exist in living beings either human, animal and microorganisms from distinctive ecosystems.
Topics: DNA; Humans; Metagenomics; Nucleic Acids
PubMed: 32149573
DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2020.1736238 -
Biopreservation and Biobanking Dec 2023The measurement of nucleic acid quality, especially the analysis of integrity, is a key step for many downstream experiments in biomedical research and quality control...
The measurement of nucleic acid quality, especially the analysis of integrity, is a key step for many downstream experiments in biomedical research and quality control of biomaterials. General gel electrophoresis is a traditional method for nucleic acid integrity analysis. Currently, more electrophoresis techniques are becoming standardized and automated operations with higher precision. In this study, we have evaluated the comparability and bias of the outcomes from three commercial assay systems. Seventy-two deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and 67 ribonucleic acid (RNA) samples were selected for methodological comparison among different systems. The DNA Quality Number (DQN) and RNA Quality Number (RQN) of BIOptic Qsep400, DNA Quality Score (DQS) and RNA Quality Score (RQS) of PerkinElmer Labchip GX Touch HT were separately compared with the DNA Integrity Number (DIN) and RNA Integrity Number (RIN) of the Agilent 4200 TapeStation according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline (EP09-A3). The biases of the mean estimated between DQN and DIN, DQS and DIN both exceeded the acceptance criteria. The Passing-Bablok regression analysis between DQN and DIN, and the Deming regression analysis between DQS and DIN, showed the biases were both within the acceptance criteria, and the bias between DQN and DIN was smaller. For the comparisons of RQN and RIN, RQS and RIN, the regression analyses revealed the biases were both within the acceptance criteria. The bias of the mean estimated between RQS and RIN was outside of the acceptance criteria. There was a good comparability in nucleic acid integrity detection between BIOptic Qsep400 and PerkinElmer Labchip GX Touch HT with the Agilent 4200 TapeStation. However, the bias and linear correlations require more attention between systems.
Topics: RNA; Nucleic Acids; Quality Control; Reference Standards; DNA
PubMed: 36735544
DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0171 -
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 2023Graphene, emerging as a true two-dimensional (2D) material, has attracted increasing attention due to its unique physical and electrochemical properties such as high... (Review)
Review
Graphene, emerging as a true two-dimensional (2D) material, has attracted increasing attention due to its unique physical and electrochemical properties such as high surface area, excellent conductivity, high mechanical strength, and ease of functionalization and mass production. The entire scientific community recognizes the significance and potential impact of graphene. Electrochemical detection strategies have advantages such as being simple, fast, and low-cost. The use of graphene as an excellent interface for electrode modification provides a promising way to construct more sensitive and stable electrochemical (bio)sensors. The review presents sensors based on graphene and its derivatives for electrochemical drug assays from pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples. Future perspectives in this rapidly developing field are also discussed. In addition, the interaction of several important anticancer drug molecules with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that was immobilized onto graphene-modified electrodes has been detailed in terms of dosage regulation and utility purposes.
Topics: Graphite; Biosensing Techniques; Electrodes; DNA; Electrochemical Techniques
PubMed: 34941476
DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2018568 -
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2022Inspired by molecular machines in nature, artificial nanodevices have been designed to realize various biomedical functions. Self-assembled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)...
Inspired by molecular machines in nature, artificial nanodevices have been designed to realize various biomedical functions. Self-assembled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) nanostructures that feature designed geometries, excellent spatial accuracy, nanoscale addressability, and marked biocompatibility provide an attractive candidate for constructing dynamic nanodevices with biomarker- targeting and stimuli-responsiveness for biomedical applications. Here, a summary of typical construction strategies of DNA nanodevices and their operating mechanisms are presented. We also introduced recent advances in employing DNA nanodevices as platforms for biosensing and intelligent drug delivery. Finally, the broad prospects and main challenges of the DNA nanodevices in biomedical applications are also discussed.
Topics: DNA; Drug Delivery Systems; Nanostructures; Nanotechnology
PubMed: 34749612
DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211105100240