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Dietary Plant and Animal Protein Sources Oppositely Modulate Fecal and in Vegetarians and Omnivores.Microbiology Spectrum Apr 2022The food we eat not only nourishes our bodies but also provides nutrients to the bacteria living in our guts. Gut bacterial communities are known to be affected by many...
The food we eat not only nourishes our bodies but also provides nutrients to the bacteria living in our guts. Gut bacterial communities are known to be affected by many factors, including diet and bowel cleansing, but the impacts of vegetarian and omnivore diets on fecal bacterial composition are still uncertain. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial compositions of fecal samples from vegetarians and omnivores 5 to 7 days after bowel cleansing, and we correlated specific dietary constituents with the relative abundances of specialized fecal bacteria. A total of 46 participants (23 vegetarians and 23 omnivores) were recruited. All participants underwent standard bowel cleansing before colonoscopy screening. Fecal samples were collected from each participant 5 to 7 days after bowel cleansing, and the fecal microbiota compositions were analyzed with next-generation sequencing. Sixteen participants also provided an image-based dietary record for nutritional assessment. No major differences between dietary groups were observed in terms of fecal bacterial richness, alpha diversity, or beta diversity. A minority of potential pathobionts tended to be elevated in omnivores compared to vegetarians, whereas potential probiotic species tended to be higher in the vegetarians. Detailed dietary assessments further revealed that the plant- and animal-derived proteins may oppositely modulate the relative abundances of pathobionts Bilophila and Lachnoclostridium. However, these results were not statistically significant after multiple-comparison correction. These results suggest that specialized probiotic and pathobiont microbiota constituents are sensitive to the plant- or animal-derived dietary components ingested by vegetarians and omnivores after bowel cleansing. Dietary pattern and food choice are associated with expansion of gut pathobionts and risk for metabolic and colonic disease. However, the effects of dietary interventions on intestinal microbiota remain unclear. After bowel cleansing, potential pathobionts and probiotic bacteria were increased in omnivores and vegetarians, respectively. The pathobionts Bilophila and Lachnoclostridium were oppositely modulated by dietary animal and plant protein. From a clinical perspective, fecal pathobionts that may indicate risk for metabolic and colonic disease can potentially be modulated with dietary interventions.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Bilophila; Clostridiales; Colonic Diseases; Diet; Feces; Humans; Vegetarians
PubMed: 35285706
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02047-21 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent movement disorder known and predominantly affects the elderly. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease wherein...
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent movement disorder known and predominantly affects the elderly. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease wherein α-synuclein, a neuronal protein, aggregates to form toxic structures in nerve cells. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown. Intestinal dysfunction and changes in the gut microbiota, common symptoms of PD, are evidently linked to the pathogenesis of PD. Although a multitude of studies have investigated microbial etiologies of PD, the microbial role in disease progression remains unclear. Here, we show that Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria of the genus may play a potential role in the development of PD. Conventional and quantitative real-time PCR analysis of feces from twenty PD patients and twenty healthy controls revealed that all PD patients harbored bacteria in their gut microbiota and these bacteria were present at higher levels in PD patients than in healthy controls. Additionally, the concentration of species correlated with the severity of PD. bacteria produce hydrogen sulfide and lipopolysaccharide, and several strains synthesize magnetite, all of which likely induce the oligomerization and aggregation of α-synuclein protein. The substances originating from bacteria likely take part in pathogenesis of PD. These findings may open new avenues for the treatment of PD and the identification of people at risk for developing PD.
Topics: Aged; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio; Humans; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease; alpha-Synuclein
PubMed: 34012926
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.652617 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Feb 2023Heavy metal pollution in the mining areas leads to serious environmental problems. The biological sulfidogenic process (BSP) mediated by sulfidogenic bacteria has been... (Review)
Review
Heavy metal pollution in the mining areas leads to serious environmental problems. The biological sulfidogenic process (BSP) mediated by sulfidogenic bacteria has been considered an attractive technology for the treatment and remediation of metal-contaminated water and groundwater. Notwithstanding, BSP driven by different sulfidogenic bacteria could affect the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the treatment performance in practical applications, such as the microbial intolerance of pH and metal ions, the formation of toxic byproducts, and the consumption of organic electron donors. Sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB)-driven BSP has been demonstrated to be a promising alternative to the commonly used sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-driven BSP for treating metal-contaminated wastewater and groundwater, due to the cost-saving in chemical addition, the high efficiency in sulfide production and metal removal efficiency. Although the SRB-driven BSP has been developed and applied for decades, the present review works mainly focus on the developments in SRB-driven BSP for the treatment and remediation of metal-contaminated wastewater and groundwater. Accordingly, a comprehensive review for metal-contaminated wastewater treatment and groundwater remediation should be provided with the incorporation of the SRB- and SRB-driven BSP. To identify the bottlenecks and to improve BSP performance, this paper reviews sulfidogenic bacteria presenting in metal-contaminated water and groundwater; highlight the critical factors for the metabolism of sulfidogenic bacteria during BSP; the ecological roles of sulfidogenic bacteria and the mechanisms of metal removal by sulfidogenic bacteria; and the application of the present sulfidogenic systems and their drawbacks. Accordingly, the research knowledge gaps, current process limitations, and future prospects were provided for improving the performance of BSP in the treatment and remediation of metal-contaminated wastewater and groundwater in mining areas.
Topics: Wastewater; Water Pollution; Groundwater; Metals; Desulfovibrio; Water
PubMed: 36444068
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130377 -
Advances in Microbial Physiology 2019Hydrogen metabolism plays a central role in sulfate-reducing bacteria of the Desulfovibrio genus and is based on hydrogenases that catalyze the reversible conversion of... (Review)
Review
Hydrogen metabolism plays a central role in sulfate-reducing bacteria of the Desulfovibrio genus and is based on hydrogenases that catalyze the reversible conversion of protons into dihydrogen. These metabolically versatile microorganisms possess a complex hydrogenase system composed of several enzymes of both [FeFe]- and [NiFe]-type that can vary considerably from one Desulfovibrio species to another. This review covers the molecular and physiological aspects of hydrogenases and H metabolism in Desulfovibrio but focuses particularly on our model bacterium Desulfovibrio fructosovorans. The search of hydrogenase genes in more than 30 sequenced genomes provides an overview of the distribution of these enzymes in Desulfovibrio. Our discussion will consider the significance of the involvement of electron-bifurcation in H metabolism.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Biocatalysis; Desulfovibrio; Electrons; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Genetic Variation; Hydrogen; Hydrogenase; Models, Biological
PubMed: 31126530
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2019.03.001 -
Experimental Dermatology Jan 2018Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis affecting the face and eyes. An association between systemic comorbidities and rosacea has been reported, but the link to...
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis affecting the face and eyes. An association between systemic comorbidities and rosacea has been reported, but the link to enteral microbiota is uncertain. We aimed to investigate the link between rosacea and enteral microbiota. A cross-sectional study was performed in a sample of Korean women who participated in a health check-up programme at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Health Screening Center between 23 June 2014 and 5 September 2014. The gut microbiome was evaluated by 16S rRNA gene and metagenome sequence analyses. A total of 12 rosacea patients and 251 controls were enrolled. We identified links between rosacea and several changes in gut microbiota: reduced abundance of Peptococcaceae family unknown genus, Methanobrevibacter (genus), Slackia (genus), Coprobacillus (genus), Citrobacter (genus), and Desulfovibrio (genus), and increased abundance of Acidaminococcus (genus), Megasphaera (genus), and Lactobacillales order unknown family unknown genus. A link between rosacea and enteral microbiota was observed in this metagenomic study. A large and elaborate study is needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
Topics: Acidaminococcus; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Citrobacter; Cross-Sectional Studies; Desulfovibrio; Female; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Inflammation; Megasphaera; Metagenome; Methanobrevibacter; Middle Aged; Peptococcaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Republic of Korea; Rosacea; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 28636759
DOI: 10.1111/exd.13398 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2017Microbial electrosynthesis is a renewable energy and chemical production platform that relies on microbial cells to capture electrons from a cathode and fix carbon. Yet...
Microbial electrosynthesis is a renewable energy and chemical production platform that relies on microbial cells to capture electrons from a cathode and fix carbon. Yet despite the promise of this technology, the metabolic capacity of the microbes that inhabit the electrode surface and catalyze electron transfer in these systems remains largely unknown. We assembled thirteen draft genomes from a microbial electrosynthesis system producing primarily acetate from carbon dioxide, and their transcriptional activity was mapped to genomes from cells on the electrode surface and in the supernatant. This allowed us to create a metabolic model of the predominant community members belonging to Acetobacterium, Sulfurospirillum, and Desulfovibrio. According to the model, the Acetobacterium was the primary carbon fixer, and a keystone member of the community. Transcripts of soluble hydrogenases and ferredoxins from Acetobacterium and hydrogenases, formate dehydrogenase, and cytochromes of Desulfovibrio were found in high abundance near the electrode surface. Cytochrome c oxidases of facultative members of the community were highly expressed in the supernatant despite completely sealed reactors and constant flushing with anaerobic gases. These molecular discoveries and metabolic modeling now serve as a foundation for future examination and development of electrosynthetic microbial communities.
Topics: Acetates; Acetobacterium; Bioelectric Energy Sources; Campylobacteraceae; Carbon Dioxide; Desulfovibrio; Electricity; Electrodes; Electron Transport; Gene Expression Profiling; Genome, Bacterial; Metabolic Networks and Pathways
PubMed: 28827682
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08877-z -
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Jun 2020Hydrogenases (H ase) catalyze the oxidation of dihydrogen and the reduction of protons with remarkable efficiency, thereby attracting considerable attention in the... (Review)
Review
Hydrogenases (H ase) catalyze the oxidation of dihydrogen and the reduction of protons with remarkable efficiency, thereby attracting considerable attention in the energy field due to their biotechnological potential. For this simple reaction, [NiFe] H ase has developed a sophisticated but intricate mechanism with the heterolytic cleavage of dihydrogen, where its Ni-Fe active site exhibits various redox states. Recently, new spectroscopic and crystal structure studies of [NiFe] H ases have been reported, providing significant insights into the catalytic reaction mechanism, hydrophobic gas-access tunnel, proton-transfer pathway, and electron-transfer pathway of [NiFe] H ases. In addition, [NiFe] H ases have been shown to play an important role in biofuel cell and solar dihydrogen production. This concept provides an overview of the biocatalytic reaction mechanism and biochemical application of [NiFe] H ases based on the new findings.
Topics: Archaeal Proteins; Bacterial Proteins; Biocatalysis; Bioelectric Energy Sources; Catalytic Domain; Cupriavidus necator; Desulfovibrio gigas; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Electrons; Humans; Hydrogen; Hydrogenase; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Iron-Sulfur Proteins; Methanosarcina barkeri; Oxidation-Reduction; Protons; Solar Energy
PubMed: 32180334
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000058 -
Environmental Microbiology Reports Apr 2020In recent years, there has been an increase in studies on the implications of gut microbiota (GM) on the behaviour of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) due... (Review)
Review
In recent years, there has been an increase in studies on the implications of gut microbiota (GM) on the behaviour of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) due to a dysbiosis in GM that can trigger onset, development or progression of ASD through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The aim of this study is to carry out a systematic review of articles from the last 6 years that analyse GM in children with ASD compared to GM in control groups. Children with ASD showed a higher abundance of Roseburia and Candida genera, and lower abundance of Dialister, Bilophila, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Coprococcus and Prevotella genera. Those differences can be attributed to factors such as different nationalities, nature of control groups, place where the sample was taken, gastrointestinal (GI) problems or bacterial detection methods. It is still too early to define a specific GM profile of children with ASD, and future studies should focus on homogenizing the characteristics of samples and control groups. Furthermore, new multicentre studies should also focus on the impact of GM on GI physiology, neurophysiology and behaviour of children with ASD, and on performing psychometric analyses of the correlation between the severity of ASD behavioural symptoms and GM profiles.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Bacteria; Bilophila; Child; Child, Preschool; Clostridiales; Dysbiosis; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Prevotella; Streptococcus; Veillonellaceae
PubMed: 31713352
DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12810 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Apr 2024Sulfur-containing substances in sewers frequently incur unpleasant odors, corrosion-related economic loss, and potential human health concerns. These observations are... (Review)
Review
Sulfur-containing substances in sewers frequently incur unpleasant odors, corrosion-related economic loss, and potential human health concerns. These observations are principally attributed to microbial reactions, particularly the involvement of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in sulfur reduction process. As a multivalent element, sulfur engages in complex bioreactions in both aerobic and anaerobic environments. Organic sulfides are also present in sewage, and these compounds possess the potential to undergo transformation and volatilization. In this paper, a comprehensive review was conducted on the present status regarding sulfur transformation, transportation, and remediation in sewers, including both inorganic and organic sulfur components. The review extensively addressed reactions occurring in the liquid and gas phase, as well as examined detection methods for various types of sulfur compounds and factors affecting sulfur transformation. Current remediation measures based on corresponding mechanisms were presented. Additionally, the impacts of measures implemented in sewers on the subsequent wastewater treatment plants were also discussed, aiming to attain better management of the entire wastewater system. Finally, challenges and prospects related to the issue of sulfur-containing substances in sewers were proposed to facilitate improved management and development of the urban water system.
Topics: Humans; Sulfur; Sulfur Compounds; Corrosion; Desulfovibrio; Sewage
PubMed: 38335612
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133618 -
Biofouling 2023Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are known to cause severe corrosion of steel structures in various industries, resulting in significant economic and environmental... (Review)
Review
Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are known to cause severe corrosion of steel structures in various industries, resulting in significant economic and environmental consequences. This review paper critically examines the impact of SRB-induced corrosion on steel, including the formation of SRB biofilms, the effect on different types of steel, and the various models developed to investigate this phenomenon. The role of environmental factors in SRB-induced corrosion, molecular techniques for studying SRBs, and strategies for mitigating corrosion are discussed. Additionally, the sustainability implications of SRB-induced corrosion and the potential use of alternative materials were explored. By examining the current state of knowledge on this topic, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact of SRB-induced corrosion on steel and identify opportunities for further research and development.
Topics: Biofilms; Steel; Corrosion; Desulfovibrio; Sulfates
PubMed: 38073525
DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2284316