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Theranostics 2021Tanshinone, a type of diterpenes derived from , is a particularly promising herbal medicine compound for the treatment of cancers including acute myeloid leukemia...
Tanshinone, a type of diterpenes derived from , is a particularly promising herbal medicine compound for the treatment of cancers including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the therapeutic function and the underlying mechanism of Tanshinone in AML are not clear, and the toxic effect of Tanshinone limits its clinical application. Our work utilizes human leukemia cell lines, zebrafish transgenics and xenograft models to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of how Tanshinone affects normal and abnormal hematopoiesis. WISH, Sudan Black and O-Dianisidine Staining were used to determine the expression of hematopoietic genes on zebrafish embryos. RNA-seq analysis showed that differential expression genes and enrichment gene signature with Tan I treatment. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method was used with a BIAcore T200 (GE Healthcare) to measure the binding affinities of Tan I. methyltransferase assay was performed to verify Tan I inhibits the histone enzymatic activity of the PRC2 complex. ChIP-qPCR assay was used to determine the H3K27me3 level of EZH2 target genes. We found that Tanshinone I (Tan I), one of the Tanshinones, can inhibit the proliferation of human leukemia cells and in the xenograft zebrafish model, as well as the normal and malignant definitive hematopoiesis in zebrafish. Mechanistic studies illustrate that Tan I regulates normal and malignant hematopoiesis through direct binding to EZH2, a well-known histone H3K27 methyltransferase, and inhibiting PRC2 enzymatic activity. Furthermore, we identified and as two possible downstream genes of Tan I's effects on EZH2. Together, this study confirmed that Tan I is a novel EZH2 inhibitor and suggested and as two potential therapeutic targets for myeloid malignant diseases.
Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; Abietanes; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Hematopoiesis; Histones; Humans; Leukemia; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; Neoplasm Proteins; Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; Protein Binding; RNA-Seq; Salvia miltiorrhiza; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Transcriptome; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Zebrafish
PubMed: 34093860
DOI: 10.7150/thno.53170 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials Oct 2023In this study, we developed a colorimetric ozone passive sampler (OPS) incorporating o-dianisidine, a redox dye, into a polydimethylsiloxane sheet. The reaction between...
In this study, we developed a colorimetric ozone passive sampler (OPS) incorporating o-dianisidine, a redox dye, into a polydimethylsiloxane sheet. The reaction between ozone (O) and o-dianisidine result in a visible yellowish color change. Unlike previous passive methods that rely on nitrate extraction or the color disappearance of indigotrisulfonate, the OPS offered improved recognition of average O exposure. To optimize OPS based on time-weighted average (TWA), we extracted and quantified the amount of reacted o-dianisidine after exposing OPS to O by varying concentrations (0-200 ppb) within 8 h. Colorimetric changes of OPS were further analyzed by capturing images, and the effective absorbance of blue scale showed the best fit (EA, R =0.997). OPS validation on visual detection assessed by six parameters: limit of detection, limit of quantification, reproducibility, sampling rate, selectivity to interfering gases, and sensitivity to environmental factors. To enhance visibility, the OPS was assembled with coloration exposure guidelines, and a smartphone app was developed to quantify average O exposures. We further conducted field tests that showed the significant disparity between O concentrations and personal O exposures, which is considered more crucial for assessing health risks. The OPS was optimized to monitor O exposure levels and raise awareness among workers and occupants regarding invisible indoor hazards.
Topics: Humans; Colorimetry; Dianisidine; Reproducibility of Results; Levonorgestrel; Ozone
PubMed: 37703734
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132510 -
Heliyon Jan 2021Various aromatic compounds that are structurally analogous to lignin were tested as possible/preferred substrates for purified laccase from newly isolated white rote...
Various aromatic compounds that are structurally analogous to lignin were tested as possible/preferred substrates for purified laccase from newly isolated white rote fungi, WRF03. The pH optima were tested using different substrates and kinetic studies were conducted at these pH optima. The pH optima in the presence of ABTS, α-naphthol, o-dianisidine, and catechol were 4.5 but 5.0 and 5.5 in the presence of guaiacol and pyrogallol, respectively. The initial velocities obtained from the kinetic study were analyzed using Graph Pad Prism 7 and Lineweaver-Burk plot to obtain kinetic constants ( and ) which were used to calculate substrate specificity. Amongst all the substrates tested, ABTS had the highest specificity-constant (181.51 Ms), and therefore, the most preferred substrate was followed by α-naphthol, -dianisidine, guaiacol, pyrogallol, and catechol. Resorcinol, orcinol, and veratryl alcohol did not display any considerable chemical shift in the presence of WRF03 laccase. Also, oxidation of phenolic substrates appeared to be dependent on the nature of the substituent groups and their relative position on the aromatic nucleus. Since most of these substrates are structural analogs of lignin and many recalcitrant environmental pollutants, the enzyme may find application in delignification, treatment of wastewater containing dyes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
PubMed: 33537494
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06080 -
Polymers Dec 2020The pronouncedly low thermal conductivity of polymers in the range of 0.1-0.2 W m K is a limiting factor for their application as an insulating layer in microelectronics...
The pronouncedly low thermal conductivity of polymers in the range of 0.1-0.2 W m K is a limiting factor for their application as an insulating layer in microelectronics that exhibit continuously higher power-to-volume ratios. Two strategies can be applied to increase the thermal conductivity of polymers; that is, compounding with thermally conductive inorganic materials as well as blending with aromatic units arranged by the principle of π-π stacking. In this study, both strategies were investigated and compared on the example of epoxy-amine resins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and 1,2,7,8-diepoxyoctane (DEO), respectively. These two diepoxy compounds were cured with mixtures of the diamines isophorone diamine (IPDA) and -dianisidine (DAN). The epoxy-amine resins were cured without filler and with 5 wt.-% of SiO nanoparticles. Enhanced thermal conductivity in the range of 0.4 W·m·K was observed exclusively in DEO-based polymer networks that were cured with DAN (and do not contain SiO fillers). This observation is argued to originate from π-π stacking of the aromatic units of DAN enabled by the higher flexibility of the aliphatic carbon chain of DEO compared with that of BADGE. The enhanced thermal conductivity occurs only at temperatures above the glass-transition point and only if no inorganic fillers, which disrupt the π-π stacking of the aromatic groups, are present. In summary, it can be argued that the bisphenol-free epoxy-amine resin with an epoxy compound derivable from natural resources shows favorably higher thermal conductivity in comparison with the petrol-based bisphenol-based epoxy/amine resins.
PubMed: 33375238
DOI: 10.3390/polym13010065 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Jan 2021The environmental effects of additives have attracted increasing attention. Sodium dehydroacetate (DHA-S), as an approved preservative, is widely added in processed...
The environmental effects of additives have attracted increasing attention. Sodium dehydroacetate (DHA-S), as an approved preservative, is widely added in processed foods, cosmetics and personal care products. However, DHA-S has been recently reported to induce hemorrhage and coagulation aberration in rats. Yet little is known about the ecotoxicological effect and underlying mechanisms of DHA-S. Here, we utilized the advantage of zebrafish model to evaluate such effects. DHA-S induced cerebral hemorrhage, mandibular dysplasia and pericardial edema in zebrafish after 24 h exposure (48-72 hpf) at 50 mg/L. We also observed the defective heart looping and apoptosis in DHA-S-treated zebrafish through o-dianisidine and acridine orange staining. Meanwhile, DHA-S induced the deficiency of Ca and vitamin D3 in zebrafish. We further demonstrated that DHA-S stimulated Ca influx resulting in Ca-dependent mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes. Additionally, DHA-S inhibited glucose uptake and repressed the biosynthesis of amino acids. Finally, we identified that sodium bicarbonate could rescue zebrafish from DHA-S induced cardiovascular toxicity. Altogether, our results suggest that DHA-S is a potential risk for cardiovascular system.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Calcium; Cardiotoxicity; Cell Line; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema, Cardiac; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Embryonic Development; Heart; Myocardium; Pericardium; Pyrones; Rats; Zebrafish
PubMed: 33396133
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111613 -
ChemPlusChem Jul 2023A mechanochemical method was used to obtain four new quercetin (QUE) co-crystals. Three co-formers have the systems of the heterocyclic rings with the oxygen and...
A mechanochemical method was used to obtain four new quercetin (QUE) co-crystals. Three co-formers have the systems of the heterocyclic rings with the oxygen and nitrogen atoms and they form co-crystals at the stoichiometric ratio of 1 : 2. In contrast, the QUE : o-dianisidine co-crystal represents the 1 : 1 stoichiometry and the former molecule is the aniline derivative. The X-ray crystallography and FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra revealed formation of the intermolecular O-H…N or N-H…O hydrogen bonds. The dynamics of the hydrogen bonds was investigated using the XPS method. The N 1s XPS spectra showed no proton transfer in the QUE : FEN and QUE : O-DIA co-crystal systems. The QUE : BZFP and QUE : EBZFP show the two-site static disorder across the proton transfer pathway to the pyridine ring, with the occupancies (C=N : C=NH ) of 72 : 28 and 77 : 23, respectively.
PubMed: 37337973
DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300166 -
Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam,... Aug 2016Silver_ nanoparticles (AgNPs), for their attractive antimicrobial properties, have become one of the most commercial nanomaterials used recently. AgNPs are reported to...
Silver_ nanoparticles (AgNPs), for their attractive antimicrobial properties, have become one of the most commercial nanomaterials used recently. AgNPs are reported to be toxic to blood cells of aquatic organisms and humans, however, few studies related to toxic effects of AgNPs in hematopoiesis using an in vivo model were available. Firstly, microarrays were applied to reveal transcriptional responses of zebrafish embryos to AgNPs at 24h post-fertilization (hpf)in this study, and hemoglobin genes were found to be down-regulated by AgNPs and to be enriched in the top 10 categories by Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. The reduced expressions of hemoglobin were further demonstrated by qRT-PCR detection, whole-mount in situ hybridization, and O-dianisidine staining at transcriptional and translational level. Next, the commitment of mesoderm, specification of hematopoietic progenitor cells and differentiation of erythroids were detected at different developmental stages in AgNPs-exposed embryos, and erythrogenesis were found to be inhibited by AgNPs in developmental-stage-specific and cell-specific manners. Finally, it was pointed out that AgNPs affected erythrogenesis mostly by their particles other than their releasing ions.
Topics: Animals; Down-Regulation; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Embryonic Development; Erythropoiesis; Female; Genetic Markers; Hemoglobins; Male; Metal Nanoparticles; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Silver; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Zebrafish
PubMed: 27340786
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.005 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023Curcumin (CUR) and piperine (PP) are bioactive compounds with prominent pharmacological activities that have been investigated for the treatment of various diseases. The...
Development of Curcumin and Piperine-Loaded Bio-Active Self-Nanoemulsifying Drugs and Investigation of Their Bioactivity in Zebrafish Embryos and Human Hematological Cancer Cell Lines.
PURPOSE
Curcumin (CUR) and piperine (PP) are bioactive compounds with prominent pharmacological activities that have been investigated for the treatment of various diseases. The aim of the present study is to develop Bio-SNEDDS for CUR and PP as a combined delivery system for cancer therapy.
METHODS
CUR and PP loaded Bio-SNEDDSs with varying compositions of bioactive lipid oils, surfactants, and cosolvents were prepared at room temperature. Bio-SNEDDSs were characterized using a Zetasizer Nano particle size analyzer and further examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for morphology. The in vivo toxicity of the preparations of Bio-SNEDDS was investigated in wild-type zebrafish embryos and cytotoxicity in THP-1 (human leukemia monocytic cells), Jurkat (human T lymphocyte cells) and HUVEC (non-cancerous normal) cells.
RESULTS
Bio-SNEDDSs were successfully developed with black seed oil, Imwitor 988, Transcutol P and Cremophor RH40 at a ratio of 20/20/10/50 (%w/w). The droplet size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the optimized Bio-SNEDDS were found to be 42.13 nm, 0.59, and -19.30 mV, respectively. Bio-SNEDDS showed a spherical structure evident by TEM analysis. The results showed that Bio-SNEDDS did not induce toxicity in zebrafish embryos at concentrations between 0.40 and 30.00 μg/mL. In TG (fli1: EGFP) embryos treated with Bio-SNEDDS, there was no change in the blood vessel structure. The O-dianisidine staining of Bio-SNEDDS treated embryos at 48 h post-fertilization also showed a significant reduction in the number of blood cells compared to mock (DMSO 0.1% V/V) treated embryos. Bio-SNEDDS induced significant levels of cytotoxicity in the hematological cell lines THP-1 and Jurkat, while low toxicity in normal HUVEC cell lines was observed with IC50 values of 18.63±0.23 μg/mL, 26.03 ± 1.5 μg/mL and 17.52 ± 0.22 μg/mL, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Bio-SNEDDS exhibited enhanced anticancer activity and could thus be an important new pharmaceutical formulation to treat leukemia.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Curcumin; Zebrafish; Drug Delivery Systems; Solubility; Administration, Oral; Surface-Active Agents; Hematologic Neoplasms; Leukemia; Emulsions; Nanoparticles; Biological Availability
PubMed: 37051315
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S400330 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Nov 2021The hydrothermal preparation of o-dianisidine and triazine interlinked porous organic polymer and its successive derivatisation via metal infusion (Ni, Cu) under...
The hydrothermal preparation of o-dianisidine and triazine interlinked porous organic polymer and its successive derivatisation via metal infusion (Ni, Cu) under hydrothermal and calcination conditions (700 °C) to yield pristine (ANIPOP-700) and Ni/Cu decorated porous carbon are described here (Ni-ANIPOP-700 and Cu-ANIPOP-700). To confirm their chemical and morphological properties, the as-prepared materials were methodically analyzed using solid state C and N NMR, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning and high resolution transmission electron microscopic techniques, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic activities of these electrocatalysts were thoroughly investigated under standard oxygen evolution (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) conditions. The results show that all of the materials demonstrated significant activity in water splitting as well as displayed excellent stability (22 h) in both acidic (HER) and basic conditions (OER). Among the electrocatalysts reported in this study, Ni-ANIPOP-700 exhibited a lower overpotential η of 300 mV in basic medium (OER) and 150 mV in acidic medium (HER), as well as a lower Tafel slope of 69 mV/dec (OER) and 181 mV/dec (HER), indicating 30% lower energy requirement for overall water splitting. Gas chromatography was used to examine the electrolyzed products.
Topics: Carbon; Electrolysis; Polymers; Porosity; Seawater
PubMed: 34343751
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117861 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Jun 2018Rubia cordifolia is a common traditional Chinese medicine that promotes blood circulation and eliminates blood stasis, and has been used to cure diseases related to...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Rubia cordifolia is a common traditional Chinese medicine that promotes blood circulation and eliminates blood stasis, and has been used to cure diseases related to blood stasis syndrome (BSS) clinically for many years. It has been previously demonstrated that anti-thrombosis and pro-angiogenesis can improve BSS. However, the anti-thrombotic and pro-angiogenic activities of Rubia cordifolia have not been well investigated.
AIM OF STUDY
To determine the potential anti-thrombotic and pro-angiogenic activities of Rubia cordifolia and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. In addition, the major chemical constituents of Rubia cordifolia extract (QC) were qualitatively analysed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS to explore the association between pharmacological activity and chemical constituents.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The QC samples were composed of a 95% ethanol extract and an aqueous extract following extraction using 95% ethanol. UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to analyse the major chemical constituents of QC. For the anti-thrombotic experiment of QC, a phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced AB strain zebrafish thrombosis model was used. The zebrafish larvae were stained using O-dianisidine, and the heart and caudal vein of the zebrafish were observed and imaged with a fluorescence microscope. The staining intensity of erythrocytes in the heart (SI) of each group and the morphology of thrombus in the caudal vein were used to assess the anti-thrombotic effect of QC. For the pro-angiogenic assay of QC, the intersegmental blood vessel (ISV) insufficiency model of Tg(fli-1: EGFP)y1 transgenic zebrafish (Flik zebrafish), which was induced by the VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor II (VRI), was used. The morphology of the intact ISVs and defective ISVs was observed to evaluate the pro-angiogenic activity of QC. The mechanism involved in promoting angiogenesis was studied with real-time PCR.
RESULTS
A total of 12 components in QC were identified based on standard compounds and references, including nine anthraquinones and three naphthoquinones. After treatment with QC, the PHZ-induced thrombosis in AB strain zebrafish larvae decreased to a certain degree, which we believe was related to its dosages, and the therapeutic effect within the 50-200 µg/mL QC treatment groups was especially prominent (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) compared to that in the PHZ model group. Similarly, QC also recovered the loss of the ISVs, which was induced by VRI in Flik zebrafish larvae, which have a certain dose-effect relationship. The pro-angiogenic activity of QC was also conspicuous (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) compared to that of the VRI model group. The following real-time PCR assay proved that QC significantly restored the VRI-induced downregulation of vWF, VEGF-A, kdrl, and flt-1 in Flik zebrafish (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
A total of 12 compounds from QC were analysed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. The data of the pharmacological experiments demonstrated that QC presented anti-thrombotic and pro-angiogenic activities in zebrafish, and the principal active components were likely anthraquinones and naphthoquinones. Thus, the current study provided a theoretical basis for the clinical use of Rubia cordifolia as a traditional Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation and eliminating stasis.
Topics: Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Fibrinolytic Agents; Rubia; Thrombosis; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Zebrafish
PubMed: 29126989
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.005