-
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Dec 2022Intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high recurrence rate after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, to date, no standalone predictive factors for...
BACKGROUND
Intrahepatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high recurrence rate after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). However, to date, no standalone predictive factors for intrahepatic distant recurrence after curative ablation have been reported.
AIMS
The aim of this study was to investigate predictive factors for intrahepatic distant recurrence after curative treatment with RFA for HCCs.
METHODS
This multicenter study consisted of 17 institutions that registered 821 patients. The risk factors for intrahepatic distant recurrence after complete ablation by RFA for primary HCC ≤ 2 cm in diameter were identified in a retrospectively collected training set (n = 636) and then validated in a prospectively collected validation set (n = 185).
RESULTS
The cumulative intrahepatic distant and local recurrence rates (i.e., entire recurrence rate) in the training set were 23.6% and 53.7% at 1 and 3 years, respectively. The cumulative intrahepatic distant recurrence rates in the training set were 17.0% and 43.8% at 1 and 3 years, respectively. Multivariate analysis of the training set showed that tumor number and serum levels of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) were independent risk factors for both entire recurrence and intrahepatic distant recurrence. Intrahepatic distant recurrence risk in both the training and validation cohorts was stratified using a scoring system with three factors: tumor number (single or multiple), AFP (< 10 ng/ml or ≥ 10 ng/ml), and DCP (< 50 mAU/ml or ≥ 50 mAU/ml).
CONCLUSION
The scoring system composed of tumor number, AFP, and DCP is useful for classifying the risk of intrahepatic distant recurrence after curative ablation for HCC.
Topics: Humans; alpha-Fetoproteins; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Catheter Ablation; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35353331
DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07455-2 -
Bioscience Reports Jun 2019Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) involves higher rates of recurrence and distant metastasis. The present study sought to characterize the risk factors for distant...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) involves higher rates of recurrence and distant metastasis. The present study sought to characterize the risk factors for distant metastasis of TNBC. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was exploited to enroll patients diagnosed with TNBC from 2010 to 2015. The eligible patients were dichotomized into locoregional and distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Patients' demographics and tumor features, and treatment were evaluated to identify the risk factors for distant metastasis of primary TNBC. The categorical variables were examined by chi-square tests. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk factors for distant metastasis. Breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier plots with log-rank tests. We collected 26863 patients with primary TNBC, 1330 (5.0%) of them presented with distant metastasis. In the univariate analysis, all the variables indicated statistical significance. The significant variables were subsequently enlisted into the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Age > 50, higher clinical stage T and N, and tumor size > 5 cm were independent risk factors for distant metastasis of primary TNBC. Moreover, higher clinical stage T and stage N were independent risk factors for bone metastasis of the patients. TNBC patients with either bone or visceral metastasis have poor survival, with brain metastasis worst of all, though the OS difference was not statistically significant. TNBC patients with larger age, higher clinical stage, larger tumor size were more predisposed to have distant metastasis. Great attention should be paid to the prognosis of these patients with distant metastasis.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone Neoplasms; Brain Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Liver Neoplasms; Logistic Models; Lung Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 31113872
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20190288 -
Journal of Integrative Plant Biology Jun 2023Physical contact between genes distant on chromosomes is a potentially important way for genes to coordinate their expressions. To investigate the potential importance...
Physical contact between genes distant on chromosomes is a potentially important way for genes to coordinate their expressions. To investigate the potential importance of distant contacts, we performed high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) experiments on leaf nuclei isolated from Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. We then combined our results with published Hi-C data from Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that distant genes come into physical contact and do so preferentially between the proximal promoter of one gene and the downstream region of another gene. Genes with higher numbers of conserved noncoding sequences (CNSs) nearby were more likely to have contact with distant genes. With more CNSs came higher numbers of transcription factor binding sites and more histone modifications associated with the activity. In addition, for the genes we studied, distant contacting genes with CNSs were more likely to be transcriptionally coordinated. These observations suggest that CNSs may enrich active histone modifications and recruit transcription factors, correlating with distant contacts to ensure coordinated expression. This study advances our knowledge of gene contacts and provides insights into the relationship between CNSs and distant gene contacts in plants.
Topics: Arabidopsis; Brassica; Conserved Sequence; Transcription Factors; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Genome, Plant
PubMed: 36762577
DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13465 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Aug 2020The main endemic areas of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are in Central Europe and Western China. Both the infiltration of intrahepatic vascular and bile duct structures...
BACKGROUND
The main endemic areas of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are in Central Europe and Western China. Both the infiltration of intrahepatic vascular and bile duct structures as well as extrahepatic disease can lead to further complications and may increase morbidity in patients with AE.
AIM
To evaluate vascular/biliary involvement in hepatic AE and its distant extrahepatic disease manifestations in an international collective was the aim.
METHODS
Consecutively, five experienced examiners evaluated contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans for 200 patients with hepatic AE of each of four locations ( 50) in Germany, France and China. Therefore, we retrospectively included the 50 most recent abdominal contrast-enhanced CT examinations at each center, performed because of hepatic AE from September 21, 2007 to March 21, 2018. AE liver lesions were classified according to the echinococcosis multilocularis Ulm classification for CT (EMUC-CT). Distant extrahepatic manifestations were documented either by whole body positron emission tomography-CT or with the addition of thoracic CT and cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Vascular/biliary involvement of the hepatic disease as well as the presence of distant extrahepatic manifestations were correlated with the EMUC-CT types of liver lesion. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS Version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, United States).
RESULTS
Distant extrahepatic AE manifestations were significantly more frequent in China than in Europe ( 0.0091). A significant relationship was found between the presence of distant extrahepatic disease and AE liver lesion size ( 0.0075). Vascular/biliary structures were involved by the liver lesions significantly more frequently in China than in Europe ( 0.0001), and vascular/biliary involvement depended on lesion size. Different morphological types of AE liver lesions led to varying frequencies of vascular/biliary involvement and were associated with different frequencies of distant extrahepatic manifestations: Vascular/biliary involvement as a function of lesions primary morphology ranged from 5.88% of type IV liver lesions to 100% among type III lesions. Type IV differed significantly in these associations from types I, II, and III ( 0.0001). With respect to extrahepatic disease, the primary morphology types IV and V of liver lesions were not associated with any case of distant extrahepatic disease. In contrast, distant extrahepatic manifestations in types I-III were found to varying degrees, with a maximum of 22% for type III.
CONCLUSION
Different CT morphological patterns of hepatic AE lesions influence vascular/biliary involvement and the occurrence of distant extrahepatic manifestations. There are intercontinental differences regarding the characteristics of AE manifestation.
Topics: Animals; China; Echinococcosis; Echinococcosis, Hepatic; Europe; France; Germany; Humans; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 32848335
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i29.4302 -
Journal of International Society of... 2016Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been estimated to be the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The distant metastasis plays a critical role in the management and... (Review)
Review
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been estimated to be the sixth most common cancer worldwide. The distant metastasis plays a critical role in the management and prognosis in oral cancer patients. Regarding the distant metastasis from the oral cancer, the hypopharynx is the most common primary site, followed by the base of tongue and anterior tongue. The present review article analyzes the characteristics of the distant metastases from the oral cavity from 1937 to 2015.
PubMed: 27583211
DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.186805 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2021It is rare and understudied for patients with stage T1 colorectal cancer to have synchronous distant metastasis. This study was to determine the clinicopathological...
It is rare and understudied for patients with stage T1 colorectal cancer to have synchronous distant metastasis. This study was to determine the clinicopathological factors associated with distant metastasis and prognosis. T1 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were obtained from the SEER database. Logistic regression was applied to determine risk factors related to distant metastasis. Cox-proportional hazard models were used to identify the prognostic factors for patients with distant metastasis. Among 21,321 patients identified, 359 (1.8%) had synchronous distant metastasis and 1807 (8.5%) had lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed that younger age, positive serum CEA, larger tumor size, positive tumor deposit, perineural invasion, lymph node metastasis, histology of non-adenocarcinoma and poorer differentiation were significantly associated with the increased risk of synchronous distant metastasis. Older age, female, Black, positive CEA, positive lymph node metastasis, positive tumor deposit, larger tumor size, no chemotherapy, inadequate lymph node harvesting and no metastasectomy were correlated with worse survival in these patients with synchronous distant metastasis. Patients with metastasis to the liver displayed the highest rate of positive CEA. We conclude that T1 colorectal cancer patients with multiple risk factors need thorough examinations to exclude synchronous distant metastasis. Chemotherapy, adequate lymph node cleaning and metastasectomy are associated with improved survival for those patients with distant metastases. Positive serum CEA may be useful in predicting distant metastases in patients at stage T1.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Colorectal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Prognosis; Risk Factors
PubMed: 33888776
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87929-x -
PloS One 2023Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related tonsil cancer is associated with favorable outcomes.
BACKGROUND
Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related tonsil cancer is associated with favorable outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to define factors affecting distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated HPV-positive tonsil cancer.
METHODS
The present study enrolled 76 patients diagnosed with HPV-positive tonsil cancer who underwent primary surgery between January 2010 and December 2021.
RESULTS
Twelve (15.7%) patients experienced a distant failure with a median follow-up time of 43 months. Sites of distant metastasis included the lung (n = 10), liver (n = 1), and brain (n = 1). Upon multivariate analysis, an advanced T stage (odds ratio [OR]: 13.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-149.863, p = 0.003) and margin involvement (OR: 5.96, 95% CI: 1.33-26.76, p = 0.02) were independent predictors of distant metastases. The five-year disease-specific survival for the entire cohort was 85%. The multivariate analysis confirmed that distant metastasis (hazard ratio [HR]: 12.688, 95% CI: 3.424-47.016; p < 0.001) and margin involvement (HR: 6.243; 95% CI: 1.681-23.191; p = 0.006) were significant factors associated with the five-year disease-specific survival.
CONCLUSION
HPV-positive tonsil cancer patients with an advanced T stage and a positive surgical margin have a substantial risk of distant metastases. Distant metastasis and margin involvement are factors that affect their survival.
Topics: Humans; Tonsillar Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Multivariate Analysis; Proportional Hazards Models; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasm Metastasis
PubMed: 36943852
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283368 -
Cancer Medicine Jan 2024Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is prone to distant metastasis, and patients with distant metastasis often have poor prognosis. In this study, the impact of metastasis...
OBJECTIVES
Follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is prone to distant metastasis, and patients with distant metastasis often have poor prognosis. In this study, the impact of metastasis and other relevant factors on the prognosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma was examined.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study. Data were obtained from Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Hangzhou First People's Hospital affiliated with Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from January 2009 to June 2021 for 153 FTC patients. The patients were assigned into three groups according to their distant metastasis: distant metastasis at initial diagnosis (M1), distant metastasis during follow-up (M2), and no evidence of distant metastasis over the course of the study (M0). Data were collected and summarized on clinical data, laboratory parameters, imaging features, postoperative pathologic subtypes, and metastases. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to perform the univariate and multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate cancer-specific survival (CSS).
RESULTS
Based on metastasis, the patients were assigned into three groups, including 31 in the M1 group, 15 in the M2 group, and 107 in the M0 group. These individuals were followed up for an average of 5.9 years, and the group included 46 patients with distant metastasis (31 confirmed at diagnosis and 15 found during follow-up). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), surgery method, postoperative adjuvant therapy, histologic subtype, nodule size, calcification, TSH, and distant metastasis all impacted prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that histologic subtype (widely invasive; HR: 7.440; 95% CI: 3.083, 17.954; p < 0.001), nodule size (≥40 mm; HR: 8.622; 95% CI: 3.181, 23.369; p < 0.001) and distant metastasis (positive; HR: 6.727; 95% CI: 2.488, 18.186; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of follicular thyroid cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
Histologic subtype, nodule size, and distant metastasis are important risk factors for the prognosis of follicular thyroid cancer. Patients with metastatic follicular thyroid cancer have a poor prognosis, especially with metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis. As a result, this group of patients requires individualized treatment and closer follow-up.
Topics: Humans; Thyroid Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Prognosis
PubMed: 38102879
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6727 -
American Journal of Translational... 2020The distant metastasis in liposarcoma is not thoroughly investigated. Based on a large cohort, we attempted to evaluate the survival in liposarcoma patients with distant...
BACKGROUND
The distant metastasis in liposarcoma is not thoroughly investigated. Based on a large cohort, we attempted to evaluate the survival in liposarcoma patients with distant metastasis and to reveal the risk factors.
METHODS
The records of liposarcoma patients with or without distant metastasis were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database from 2010 to 2016. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox hazard regression was scheduled to investigate prognostic factors for liposarcoma patients with distant metastasis. Risk factors for metastasis were identified by the logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 227 liposarcomas with distant metastasis were identified in 4,181 patients. The 5-year survival rate for patients with and without metastasis was 12.1% (95% CI: 5.0%-19.0%) and 75.4% (95% CI: 73.6%-77.2%), respectively. Age ≥60 years (HR=1.73; 95% CI: 1.11-2.69) and surgery (HR=0.26; 95% CI: 0.17-0.41) were independent prognostic factors for patients with metastasis. The annual incidence of distant metastasis was from 3.76% to 7.3%. Liposarcoma in trunk (OR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.02-2.79), myxoid type (OR=2.65; 95% CI: 1.16-6.05), grade III (OR=2.62; 95% CI: 1.17-5.88), grade IV (OR=4.07; 95% CI: 1.84-9.00), T2 stage (OR=2.71; 95% CI: 1.15-6.40), and N1 stage (OR=9.44; 95% CI: 4.63-19.26) were associated with the development of metastasis. Homogeneous and heterogeneous factors were found for patients with different metastatic organs.
CONCLUSIONS
The survival was significantly dismal in liposarcoma patients with distant metastasis. The risk and prognostic factors provide a reference to clinical screening and prevention for distant metastasis in liposarcoma.
PubMed: 32509201
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology Jun 2019High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in gastric cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR, in addition to other parameters...
BACKGROUND
High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in gastric cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR, in addition to other parameters including absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute eosinophil count (AEC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are associated with distant metastases, a common and poor prognostic feature of gastric cancer.
METHODS
Clinical data from 502 gastric cancer patients treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman, Jordan) have been retrospectively reviewed. We examined the association between ANC, ALC, AEC, AMC, NLR, MLR and PLR with the baseline distant metastases and OS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to determine the optimal NLR cutoff value for association with distant metastases.
RESULTS
Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that patients with high baseline NLR (≥3.9) had more distant metastases on presentation than patients with low NLR (<3.9), (P value: 0.0001 and 0.0005, respectively). Furthermore, patients with high baseline ANC (≥6,015/µL), AEC (≥215/µL), PLR (≥0.15) had more distant metastases in comparison to patients with low baseline ANC (<6,015/µL), AEC (<215/µL), PLR (<0.15) (P value: 0.024, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). High ANC, NLR, MLR and PLR are associated with poor OS (P value: 0.046, 0.0003, 0.027, and <0.0001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
High ANC, AEC, NLR, and PLR are associated with distant metastases on presentation in gastric cancer. In the era of cancer immunotherapy, whether these immune phenomena predict the response of gastric cancer to immunotherapy is unknown.
PubMed: 31183204
DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.01.12