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American Journal of Translational... 2020The distant metastasis in liposarcoma is not thoroughly investigated. Based on a large cohort, we attempted to evaluate the survival in liposarcoma patients with distant...
BACKGROUND
The distant metastasis in liposarcoma is not thoroughly investigated. Based on a large cohort, we attempted to evaluate the survival in liposarcoma patients with distant metastasis and to reveal the risk factors.
METHODS
The records of liposarcoma patients with or without distant metastasis were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database from 2010 to 2016. Survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox hazard regression was scheduled to investigate prognostic factors for liposarcoma patients with distant metastasis. Risk factors for metastasis were identified by the logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 227 liposarcomas with distant metastasis were identified in 4,181 patients. The 5-year survival rate for patients with and without metastasis was 12.1% (95% CI: 5.0%-19.0%) and 75.4% (95% CI: 73.6%-77.2%), respectively. Age ≥60 years (HR=1.73; 95% CI: 1.11-2.69) and surgery (HR=0.26; 95% CI: 0.17-0.41) were independent prognostic factors for patients with metastasis. The annual incidence of distant metastasis was from 3.76% to 7.3%. Liposarcoma in trunk (OR=1.69; 95% CI: 1.02-2.79), myxoid type (OR=2.65; 95% CI: 1.16-6.05), grade III (OR=2.62; 95% CI: 1.17-5.88), grade IV (OR=4.07; 95% CI: 1.84-9.00), T2 stage (OR=2.71; 95% CI: 1.15-6.40), and N1 stage (OR=9.44; 95% CI: 4.63-19.26) were associated with the development of metastasis. Homogeneous and heterogeneous factors were found for patients with different metastatic organs.
CONCLUSIONS
The survival was significantly dismal in liposarcoma patients with distant metastasis. The risk and prognostic factors provide a reference to clinical screening and prevention for distant metastasis in liposarcoma.
PubMed: 32509201
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology Jun 2019High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in gastric cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR, in addition to other parameters...
BACKGROUND
High neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is associated with poor overall survival (OS) in gastric cancer. This study evaluates whether NLR, in addition to other parameters including absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute eosinophil count (AEC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are associated with distant metastases, a common and poor prognostic feature of gastric cancer.
METHODS
Clinical data from 502 gastric cancer patients treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman, Jordan) have been retrospectively reviewed. We examined the association between ANC, ALC, AEC, AMC, NLR, MLR and PLR with the baseline distant metastases and OS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was utilized to determine the optimal NLR cutoff value for association with distant metastases.
RESULTS
Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that patients with high baseline NLR (≥3.9) had more distant metastases on presentation than patients with low NLR (<3.9), (P value: 0.0001 and 0.0005, respectively). Furthermore, patients with high baseline ANC (≥6,015/µL), AEC (≥215/µL), PLR (≥0.15) had more distant metastases in comparison to patients with low baseline ANC (<6,015/µL), AEC (<215/µL), PLR (<0.15) (P value: 0.024, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). High ANC, NLR, MLR and PLR are associated with poor OS (P value: 0.046, 0.0003, 0.027, and <0.0001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
High ANC, AEC, NLR, and PLR are associated with distant metastases on presentation in gastric cancer. In the era of cancer immunotherapy, whether these immune phenomena predict the response of gastric cancer to immunotherapy is unknown.
PubMed: 31183204
DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.01.12 -
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing :... 2023Point-based 3D detection approaches usually suffer from the severe point sampling imbalance problem between foreground and background. We observe that prior works have...
Point-based 3D detection approaches usually suffer from the severe point sampling imbalance problem between foreground and background. We observe that prior works have attempted to alleviate this imbalance by emphasizing foreground sampling. However, even adequate foreground sampling may be extremely unbalanced between nearby and distant objects, yielding unsatisfactory performance in detecting distant objects. To tackle this issue, this paper first proposes a novel method named Distant Object Augmented Set Abstraction and Regression (DO-SA&R) to enhance distant object detection, which is vital for the timely response of decision-making systems like autonomous driving. Technically, our approach first designs DO-SA with novel distant object augmented farthest point sampling (DO-FPS) to emphasize sampling on distant objects by leveraging both object-dependent and depth-dependent information. Then, we propose distant object augmented regression to reweight all the instance boxes for strengthening regression training on distant objects. In practice, the proposed DO-SA&R can be easily embedded into the existing modules, yielding consistent performance improvements, especially on detecting distant objects. Extensive experiments are conducted on the popular KITTI, nuScenes and Waymo datasets, and DO-SA&R demonstrates superior performance, especially for distant object detection. Our code is available at https://github.com/mikasa3lili/DO-SAR.
PubMed: 37883289
DOI: 10.1109/TIP.2023.3326394 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology Aug 2021Although the current treatment for esophageal cancer has great technological progress, the 5-year survival rate of patients is not optimistic. About 70% of patients with...
Construction and evaluation of prognostic models for esophageal cancer patients with distant and non-distant metastases: providing a reference process for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
BACKGROUND
Although the current treatment for esophageal cancer has great technological progress, the 5-year survival rate of patients is not optimistic. About 70% of patients with esophageal cancer are at an advanced stage at first diagnosis. These patients are prone to distant metastasis, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, understanding the risk factors for distant metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer, combined with the prognosis of the patient, can aid in choosing the optimal diagnosis and treatment plan. Ultimately, it will improve the patient's survival time and quality of life. This research aims to construct a model for the risk assessment of distant metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer and prognostic models for patients with distant and non-distant metastases.
METHODS
The Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was used to select patients with esophageal cancer from 2010 to 2015. The optimal cutoff point was selected for the age and tumor size variables using X-tile. The nomogram was constructed using R software (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing).
RESULTS
Gender, grade, T stage, N stage, and tumor size were independent risk factors associated with distant metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer. The concordance index (C-index) of the nomogram prediction model for whether the patient will have distant metastasis was 0.609. Age, grade, T stage, N stage, and tumor size were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis without distant metastasis. The C-index of the nomogram prediction model for patients with distant metastases was 0.590. Age and T stage were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with distant metastases. The C-index of the nomogram prediction model was 0.543. The combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and primary surgery yielded the best overall survival for both patients with distant metastases and patients with non-distant metastases.
CONCLUSIONS
A comprehensive assessment of the risk of distant metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer, combined with prognosis prediction, is necessary to provide patients with a reasonable treatment plan.
PubMed: 34532084
DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-429 -
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and... Oct 2022The aim of the study was to present a single institution's treatment strategy for nasal dermoids and to identify factors influencing distant results. The study covered...
The aim of the study was to present a single institution's treatment strategy for nasal dermoids and to identify factors influencing distant results. The study covered 24 surgically treated pediatric patients with nasal dermoids (NDs). The medical data concerning demographics, preoperative local inflammations and surgical procedures, form of the abnormality, imaging, surgical techniques, and a role of osteotomies and reconstructions were analyzed. The recurrence rates and distant aesthetic outcomes were assessed. The surgical approach included vertical incision in 21 patients, the external rhinoplasty approach in 2 cases, and bicoronal incision in 1 child. The intracranial extension was confirmed in 6 patients. Seven out of 8 cases with preoperative local inflammations and 3 out of 4 with secondary fistulization were < 4 years old. Nine patients required osteotomies. Three children required reconstruction of the nasal skeleton. None of the distant cosmetic results was described as hideous or unsatisfactory. The incidence of local inflammatory complications is unrelated to the age of the patients. The distant aesthetic result depends on both the initial extent of the disease and preoperative local conditions or interventions. Prompt surgical intervention is highly recommended.
PubMed: 36452575
DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-02568-y -
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical... May 2020Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is generally slow growing but has highly metastatic potential to distant organs. Several factors and biomarkers are associated with...
PURPOSE
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is generally slow growing but has highly metastatic potential to distant organs. Several factors and biomarkers are associated with metastasis and treatment outcomes, although further definition is needed. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for survival and distant metastasis in patients with head and neck AdCC.
METHODS
This study included 125 patients with previously untreated AdCC who underwent primary surgery with or without radiotherapy in our tertiary referral centre. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to identify risk factors associated with overall survival (OS), cause-specific survival (CSS), disease-free survival (DFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Factors associated with OS in patients with distant metastasis were separately analysed.
RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 9.8 years (range 3.0-22.6 years), 58 patients (46.4%) had distant metastasis and 29 (23.2%) died of disease. Multivariate analyses showed that lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis were independent factors of OS and CSS outcomes (all P < 0.05). The T classification and extranodal extension were independent factors of DFS and DMFS outcomes (P < 0.05). After patients presented with distant metastasis, the median survival was 5.8 years. Multivariate analyses showed that extranodal extension and regional recurrence were independent factors of survival after occurrence of distant metastasis (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Several clinicopathological factors can predict distant metastasis and survival of patients with AdCC treated with primary surgery. This may promote post-treatment surveillance in patients with AdCC.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Proportional Hazards Models; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Risk Factors; Survival Rate; Young Adult
PubMed: 32144535
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03170-5 -
European Archives of... Jun 2022Because of the lack of data and studies on metastatic non-oropharyngeal head and neck cancer (non-OP HNC), the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) status in non-OP HNC...
PURPOSE
Because of the lack of data and studies on metastatic non-oropharyngeal head and neck cancer (non-OP HNC), the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) status in non-OP HNC with distant metastasis is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted a study to explore the differences in metastatic patterns, survival and treatment responses in metastatic non-OP HNC based on HPV status.
METHODS
A total of 333 metastatic non-OP HNC patients were diagnosed from 2010 to 2016 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to make comparisons for categorical variables. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analyses were used to analyse survival.
RESULTS
HPV status was a significant prognostic variable for patients with non-OP HNC with distant metastasis. HPV- patients were more likely to have distant metastasis and worse prognosis and treatment response than HPV+ patients. Only chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for HPV+ patients with distant metastasis, while chemotherapy and radiotherapy were both independent prognostic factors for HPV- patients with distant metastasis. The treatment response was associated with the metastatic pattern in both HPV+ and HPV- populations and showed significant differences based on HPV status and metastatic pattern.
CONCLUSIONS
For non-OP HNC with distant metastasis, HPV+ and HPV- patients formed two different cohorts in terms of metastatic pattern, survival and treatment. Therefore, it is helpful to classify metastatic non-OP HNC into different groups to choose appropriate treatment strategies according to HPV status and metastatic pattern.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35124745
DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07259-0 -
Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Jun 2020Distant hybridization refers to the cross between two different species or higher-ranking taxa. It is very significant if the new lineages with genetic variation,... (Review)
Review
Distant hybridization refers to the cross between two different species or higher-ranking taxa. It is very significant if the new lineages with genetic variation, fertile ability, and improved characteristics can be established through distant hybridization. However, reproductive barriers are key limitations that must be overcome to establish fertile lineages derived from distant hybridization. In the present review, we discussed how distant hybridization is an important way to form new species by overcoming reproductive barriers and summarized effective measures to overcome reproductive barriers in order to create fertile lineages of fish distant hybridization. In addition, we described the utilization of the fish lineages derived from distant hybridization. Finally, we discussed the relationship between distant hybridization and Mendel's laws, which generally apply to the inbred hybridization. We aim to provide a comprehensive reference for the establishment of fertile fish lineages by overcoming reproductive barriers and to emphasize the significance of fish distant hybridization in the fields of evolutionary biology, reproductive biology, and genetic breeding.
Topics: Animals; Breeding; Fertility; Fishes; Hybridization, Genetic; Reproduction
PubMed: 32191917
DOI: 10.1530/REP-19-0576 -
Gland Surgery Oct 2020Distant metastases from well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) occasionally occur over a wide range of time intervals after primary thyroid surgery. The prognostic...
BACKGROUND
Distant metastases from well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) occasionally occur over a wide range of time intervals after primary thyroid surgery. The prognostic impact of the timing of distant metastasis onset remains unclear.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of 57 patients with WDTC and distant metastases, and evaluated the mutational profiles of , , and promoter genes. All patients underwent thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation using the same treatment protocol. Synchronous distant metastases were defined as those detected within 12 months of the primary WDTC diagnosis. Metachronous metastases were considered early- and late-onset diseases if detected 1-5 and ≥5 years after the primary diagnosis, respectively.
RESULTS
In all patients, the 5- and 10-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates after the diagnosis of distant metastasis were 86% and 57%, respectively. Late-onset (≥5 years) metachronous distant metastasis was associated with age of ≥55 years (P=0.043) and patients refractory to RAI therapy (P=0.026). promoter mutations were associated with RAI refractivity (P=0.026). V600E and mutations had no prognostic significance. Bone metastasis (P=0.002) and the onset time of distant metastasis (P=0.004) were associated with poor CSS. There was no significant difference in CSS between patients with synchronous distant metastases and those with early-onset (1-5 years) metachronous distant metastases. In the multivariate analysis, bone metastasis [hazard ratio (HR) =10.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25-83.74; P=0.030] and late-onset (≥5 years) metachronous distant metastasis (HR =5.20; 95% CI: 1.01-26.63; P=0.048) were independent predictors for worse CSS.
CONCLUSIONS
The prognosis of patients with WDTC was poorer for late metachronously detected metastases than for synchronous or early metachronous metastases. Patients with distant metastasis occurring 5 years later after primary thyroid diagnosis should, therefore, be more carefully treated.
PubMed: 33224861
DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-416 -
Molecular and Clinical Oncology Feb 2021The present study retrospectively reviewed the treatment courses and results of patients with follicular thyroid tumors, including carcinomas. In the 5 year study period...
The present study retrospectively reviewed the treatment courses and results of patients with follicular thyroid tumors, including carcinomas. In the 5 year study period from April 2015 to March 2020, 797 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and 128 patients with follicular tumors (FTs) received surgery or treatment for distant metastases and recurrence at the Kanagawa Cancer Center (Japan). Of these patients, 73 that were diagnosed with follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) were included in the present study. An algorithm used for the application of treatment strategies was assessed. The aim of the present study was to examine patients with FT or FTC who were treated at the Kanagawa Cancer Center to devise appropriate treatment strategies and to evaluate the various treatment outcomes of FTC. Pre-diagnostic serum thyroglobulin and thyroid stimulating hormone levels, follow-up and overall survival (OS) were investigated in the present study. The results revealed that OS was significantly increased in patients with minimally invasive follicular thyroid cancer (MIFTC) compared with widely invasive follicular thyroid cancer (WIFTC) (log-rank test, P=0.017). Additionally, OS was significantly higher in patients without distant metastasis at the first consultation compared with those initially diagnosed with distant metastasis (log-rank test, P=0.023). Although all patients without distant metastasis at the first consultation and those with MIFTC are alive, the 10-year survival rates were 75.3% for patients with WIFTC and 75.6% for those with distant metastasis at the first consultation. The results of the present study suggested that the prognosis of WIFTC was the worst among patients with FTC and distant metastasis, and that total thyroidectomy surgery and radioactive iodine treatment are essential. Additionally, if the disease progresses, prompt inclusion of tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy is necessary.
PubMed: 33414913
DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2194